Tannin-Treated Water for use in the Emulsion Polymerization of SBR. Effect of Ageing on Mechanical Properties

The water used as the reaction medium in the emulsion polymerization of SBR was treated with a tannin-based derivative. The rubbers obtained were compounded and compared with a reference composition prepared with a rubber polymerized in water treated according to the conventional aluminum sulfate method. Mechanical properties, before and after ageing, were evaluated and were found to be of comparable magnitude, as long as no excess tannin is present in the emulsion reaction medium.     

Evaluation of thermal and mechanical properties of rubber compositions based on SBR extended with safe oils

The extender oil usually employed in compositions of rubbers based on styrene and butadiene (SBR) 1712 is the distilled aromatic extract (DAE). In this work, this oil was substituted by oils with low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): treated residual aromatic extract (TRAE) and two naphthenic oils from different suppliers (HN1 and HN2). This substitution was performed in response to REACH Regulation (EC No. 1907/2006 European Parliament and the Council of December 18, 2006, Annex XVII), which state that the sum of individual PAHs should be below 10 mg/kg and the levels of benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) should not exceed 1 mg/kg. Infrared spectroscopy was employed to characterize the structure of crude oils and respective SBR compositions. Thermal properties of the materials were evaluated by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Mechanical properties as tension tests, hardness, abrasion resistance, and resilience were also determined. The final results showed that it is possible to replace the extender oil DAE for any of the oils tested, specially the naphthenic HN1, without any loss of the properties evaluated in this study for the SBR compositions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

镁改性活性炭强化活性污泥处理混合污水研究

基于序批式活性污泥法(SBR)工艺,将镁盐改性活性炭(MgO-PAC)与传统活性炭(PAC)混合而成MPAC材料,用于处理生活与工业混合污水。通过连续30 d的运行实验,探讨了MPAC材料对生活与工业混合污水中COD、NH4^+-N和TP的去除效果以及对污泥的比耗氧速率、沉降性能和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明,投加MPAC材料对污水中COD的去除率提升了12.7百分点,对TP的去除率提升了17.5百分点,对NH4^+-N的去除率超过86.4%。投加MPAC后处理效果更好的重要原因,在于MPAC使得活性污泥的沉降性能和比耗氧速率得到明显改善,也提升了污泥的微生物丰度。MPAC对活性污泥处理生活与工业混合污水具有强化作用。     

混凝气浮-SBR-CRI组合工艺处理低浓度农药废水

采用混凝气浮-SBR-CRI组合工艺处理合肥循环经济示范园内的农药废水,结果表明:混凝气浮作为预处理措施,能够有效去除悬浮物和部分有机物;在生化池中添加大粪,提高了废水的可生化性,补充了碳源,使CODCr、BOD5、NH3-N和TP的去除率分别在80%、90%、70%、90%以上;CRI作为深度处理工艺,进一步降低废水毒性,确保系统出水达标排放。中试研究证明该组合工艺处理低浓度农药废水经济可行。     

变基质浓度下SBR亚硝化启动试验研究

采用SBR反应器,在低DO(<1.0 mg/L)及高氨氮浓度(220 mg/L)下,经过20周期(10 d)的连续运行,亚硝化率达到90%以上并且保持稳定。此后逐步降低氨氮浓度,深入研究6个不同水平下亚硝化效果和游离亚硝酸(FNA)及温度对亚硝化的影响。试验结果表明,高氨氮时,实施限时曝气且低DO、较高游离氨(FA)的联合抑制模式,低氨氮下,采取实时控制策略,避免过度曝气,经过130 d的运行,去除负荷稳定在0.301 kg NH 4+-N/(m3.d),污泥负荷稳定在0.374 kg NH4+-N/(kg MLSS.d),亚硝化率一直在95%以上,成功实现了低氨氮SBR亚硝化的启动。同时发现FNA对AOB的抑制具有可逆性,而缓慢升温对亚硝化效果影响不大。     

活性污泥法合成PHB的研究进展

PHB是许多微生物在非稳态条件下积累的一种生物聚合物,可作为微生物的胞内碳源和能源内储物,还可用作优良的可生物降解塑料、生物相容性材料和环保高分子材料。主要综述了活性污泥法合成PHB的最新研究进展。重点介绍了SBR工艺、强化生物除磷工艺、微好氧/好氧活性污泥工艺等不同工艺的PHB合成机制和研究水平;以及营养配比条件(如碳源、C/N比、氮源和磷源),工艺运行控制条件(如DO浓度、pH、污泥龄和温度),以及底物/生物量比等因素对合成PHB的影响。提高现行活性污泥法合成PHB水平是降低PHB的生产成本,实现活性污泥资源化的前提条件。研发能够同步实现氮磷等污染物的高效去除以及PHB资源化的新工艺,以及实现PHB资源化的活性污泥工艺运行控制条件的优化研究是今后活性污泥法的发展趋势之一。     

次磺酰胺类促进剂对EPDM/SBR并用胶性能的影响

用次磺酰胺类等促进剂硫化的EPDM／SBR并用胶，其应力－应变曲线十分接近于理想的应力－应变曲线，硫化胶的各种机械性能可与用过氧化物＋硫黄硫化体系硫化的硫化胶各种机械性能相媲美。     

分步厌氧-内循环SBR工艺处理苎麻脱胶废水

采用酸析气浮＋分步厌氧＋内循环SBR工艺处理苎麻脱胶废水。硫酸酸析后木素经气浮去除，剩余有机污染物中的大部分通过厌氧生物降解，最后再经好氧生物处理，使出水的COD、SS、色度达到国家规定排放标准。在试验基础上探讨了该工艺的特性，为其在高浓度有机废水处理中的应用提供实验依据。     

齐鲁石化充油橡胶的主要品种及性能

介绍了中国石化齐鲁石油化工股份有限公司橡胶厂近年来开发的充油SBR和充油BR的品种及性能并与国外同类产品进行了对比。指出SBR1712 ,SBR1778,SBR172 1和BR90 73的基本性能与国外产品相当 ,而且部分性能稍优