一种检测单晶炉热场温度的新方法

为去除单晶炉热场温度测量信号中的低频干扰、提高温度信号的估计精度,本文提出了一种基于跨维模拟退火(trans dimensional simulated annealing,TDSA)的单晶炉热场温度检测方法.该方法首先将AIC(Akaike information criterion)信号个数判断准则纳入采样机制中以便对干扰个数采样估计,进而利用所设计的基于信号频谱和轮盘赌思想的Metropolis Hastings机制对相应个数的干扰频率进行采样,最后设计了混合均匀和高斯采样机制对单晶炉热场温度进行采样估计.仿真和单晶炉工程实验结果表明,该方法在干扰个数未知的情况下,能够有效地抑制低频干扰、准确检测单晶炉热场的温度.     

石英晶体微天平的研究进展综述

石英晶体微天平(QCM)能够感知到纳克级的质量变化,在分析化学、电化学、有机化学、生物医学等方面得到了广泛的应用。根据与QCM电极表面相接触的研究介质即应用对象的不同,分别阐述了刚性薄层、牛顿流体、粘弹性膜层的基础方程、分析方法及应用,并探讨了其存在的问题与发展趋势。     

Compressibility of the polymer crystal

Results for the compressibilities of a wide range of polymer crystals along the fibre- and the transverse crystal axes are presented. Good agreement is found between the theoretical and the experimental results of different authors.     

Phase transitions of canola oil sediment

Canola sediment was obtained from an industrial filter cake by solvent extraction. When heated in the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) (5–100°C), the sediment exhibited a single narrow melting peak at around 74.8°C. No solid-state polymorphic transformation of the material could be detected over this temperature range. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of canola sediment resembled waxes from other sources with an orthorhombic unit cell. The phase transition behavior of canola sediment in oil was studied by both DSC and polarizing microscopy. With increasing ratio of oil/sediment, a reduction in both melting temperature and transition enthalpy was observed. The shape of the supercooling curve resembled that of the melting curve. The induction time was determined by spectrophotometry and was used to calculate the interfacial free energyσ between sediment and oil; σ=4.71 erg/cm². The effect of temperature and sediment concentration on the clouding time of canola oil was studied; the clouding time was the shortest at 5°C.     

Status of aqueous surfactant phase science

Recent phase studies of several surfactant-water systems, using new or refined methods, have revealed significant errors in earlier phase diagrams. These diagrams had been determined largely using methods based on the isoplethal phase studies principle. This principle has inherent limitations which do not exist in isothermal methods. Isothermal nuclear magnetic resonance and refined calorimetric methods have been extensively used in recent surfactant phase studies. Methods based on the new lyotrope gradient (swelling) principle show great promise as a means of improving the efficiency and quality of surfactant phase studies.     

Preparation of phenolic resin derived 3-D ordered macroporous carbon

Three-dimensionally ordered long-range macroporous carbon structures were prepared using commercially available phenolic resin by utilizing sacrificial colloidal silica crystalline arrays as templates that were subsequently removed by HF etching after pyrolysis in an argon atmosphere. SEM, TEM, and BET were employed to characterize the morphology and the surface area of the porous carbon structures. The pore size (150–1000 nm) and BET surface area, which reflect pore volume (298.6 m²/g (1.32 cm³/g) ∼ 93.7 m²/g (0.12 cm³/g)), of the macroporous carbon structures produced were approximately proportional to the size (150–1000 nm) of the sacrificial silica sphere templates used (annealing temp. 550°C). The achieved 550 nm porous carbon structures were examined to function as potential catalyst carriers and were successfully impregnated with Ag or Pt-Ru on their inner walls after borohydride reduction at room temperature. In addition, porous carbon patterns were fabricated using the ‘micromolding in capillary’ technique, which has potential applications in the microreaction technology.     

The nature of crystallites in solidified,rigid-chain,liquid crystal polymers

Two rigid chain thermotropic liquid crystal polyesters have been examined by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis in order to explore the nature of the crystallites in the solid state. A comparison of quenched and slow-cooled specimens indicates the presence in the quenched material of microcrystals that are too small to give clear X-ray lines. It is proposed that this is due to the very low surface energy associated with the nematic chain morphology. Both the enthalpy and entropy of fusion are much lower than in conventional polymers and are related to the molecular design of the thermotropic polymers.     

Carbon molecular sieve films produced by dc sputtering

This paper reports adsorption measurements that show molecular sieve effects in amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C : H) films deposited by d.c. magnetron discharge decomposition of acetylene. Adsorption of organic gases on the films is studied by using a quartz crystal microbalance technique. The sieve effect in this material depends on both deposition and annealing conditions. Films having significant molecular sieve effects are found to be typically microporous and to have a very small characteristic micropore dimension. It is suggested that the d.c. sputtered a-C : H film may be useful as a molecular sieve material in selective adsorption and gas permeation studies.     

基于MAS的多机械手协调工作控制

为了解决全自动化晶体切片角分类机三个机械手协调工作的控制问题,设计了以MAS理论为基础的分布式网络控制器.系统利用黑板结构来实现全局动态目标下的状态信息的共享,采用多Agent理论对三个机械手进行协调工作控制,解决了机械手之间的运动耦合问题,使之能够在同一个时间和不同的空间内协调与配合工作,完成整体工作任务.基于此设计的设备可改善工人的劳动环境、提高生产效率、确保晶体切片切角的测量与分类准确.