上海世博会沙特馆工程施工新工艺

介绍了上海世博会沙特馆工程概况,侧重介绍了该工程施工新工艺。     

Potentiality of daylighting in a maritime desert climate: the Eastern coast of Saudi Arabia

Energy savings from the utilization of daylight will be influenced by the amount of external daylight incident on the external surface of the window plane. Therefore, savings from daylight will vary from a place to another, based on the prevailing sky conditions in the climate concerned. This paper aims to investigate the potentiality of natural light if used a source of internal illuminance in buildings in the Eastern coast of Saudi Arabia. This includes providing information about daylight performance in the area.     

An effective safety programme for a concrete product manufacturing plant

The first section of the paper discusses the organization of the safety function in terms of its size, authority and the qualifications of the safety engineer, the second section deals with plant safety statistics, and finally the low accident rates achieved in this Saudi Arabian plant are presented and discussed. La premiere partie de l'expose porte sur l'organisation de la fonction securite du point de vue importance de la fonction, responsabilites et qualifications de l'ingenieur responsable de la securite. La deuxieme partie traite des statistiques de securite des installations, et se termine par un expose et une reflexion sur les faibles taux d'accidents au sein de cette installation saoudienne.     

沙特阿拉伯混合原油馏分油加氢精制工艺研究

用新开发成功的Ｍｏ－Ｃｏ型ＦＤＳ－４催化剂对高含硫量的沙特阿拉伯轻、重质原油混合油的直馏煤油、柴油、ＶＧＯ等馏分油在１００ｍＬ连续式固定床加氢试验装置上进行加氢精制，在较缓和的工艺条件下，可以得到硫醇硫和硫含量合格的３号喷气燃料、国家标准优级品－１０号轻柴油及含硫量小于０．５Ｗ％的催化裂化原料油。     

DEPOSITIONAL AND DIAGENETIC BARRIERS,BAFFLES AND CONDUITS: PERMIAN – CARBONIFEROUS UNAYZAH RESERVOIR,NUAYYIM FIELD,CENTRAL SAUDI ARABIA

The Unayzah Formation is one of the most important Palaeozoic reservoir systems in Saudi Arabia. In the Nuayyim field, Central Saudi Arabia, it produces light, sweet crude oil and consists of three main reservoir units, in descending stratigraphic order: Unayzah A, B and C. These reservoir units include a wide range of depositional facies deposited under a variety of climatic conditions, from high‐latitude glacio‐fluvial to more temperate playa/lacustrine, floodplain and braided‐fluvial to hot‐arid aeolian environments. Together with the diagenetic changes superimposed on the various depositional facies, this has produced complex reservoir heterogeneity. The effects of this diagenetic and sedimentologic complexity on reservoir quality and compartmentalization are the subject of this paper. Approximately 816 ft of core and 611 core plug samples were examined from three wells which penetrate, completely or in part, the Unayzah reservoir. We combine petrographic and scanning electron microscope analysis with porosity and permeability data and calculated pore throat dimensions to identify fluid conduits, barriers and baffles to fluid flow. A rock classification scheme is proposed which takes into account whether the pore‐level control on fluid flow is due to depositional or diagenetic processes and the composition of depositional or diagenetic phases within the pores. Distinguishing depositional versus diagenetic controls on fluid flow is important for predicting the three‐dimensional geometry of conduits, barriers and baffles, and a priori knowledge of potential reactions between injected fluids and reservoir rocks is important for designing enhanced oil recovery fluids. In the three wells studied, it appears that the Unayzah reservoir is compartmentalized vertically due to the occurrence of diagenetic and depositional barriers and baffles. There is insufficient data to assess the lateral or areal extent of the barriers, baffles and fluid conduits, but the understanding of pore‐level controls on reservoir quality and the rock classification schemes introduced here will provide a starting point for future studies. These studies should combine well logs, seismic and engineering data with data presented here to assist mapping conduits, barriers and baffles across the field. The proposed classification schemes may also prove to be useful for assessing reservoirs in other fields both within Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.     

Optimization of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal in Saudi Arabia

Municipal solid waste (MSW) mainly comprises organics, paper, glass, plastics, metals, wood, etc. Rapid industrialization, high population growth rate, and fast urbanization have resulted in increased levels of pollution and MSW in Saudi Arabia. The amount of waste has been steadily increasing due to increasing human population and urbanization. Recovery refers to materials removed from the waste stream for the purpose of recycling and/or composting. There are various options available to convert solid waste to energy. Mainly, the following types of technologies are available: (1) sanitary landfill, (2) incineration, (3) pyrolysis, (4) gasification, and (5) anaerobic digestion. An integrated MSW disposal policy comprises (1) reduction of MSW source, (2) reuse of MSW, (3) recycling of MSW, (4) landfill and gas-to-energy conversion, and (5) MSW-to-energy conversion. Traditionally, MSWs have been disposed in landfills. Landfill is the most inexpensive waste disposal option. The main MSW disposal policies and barriers have been concluded in this study.     

Safety design practices in residential buildings in Saudi Arabia

A survey of current safety practices in the design of residential buildings in Saudi Arabia identified deficiencies in governance and design procedures. A systematic safety compliance checklist was developed to address these deficiencies incorporating existing local safety instructions and international safety codes and standards. Checklist use is intended to ensure compliance with minimal safety requirements in the design of residential buildings.     

Sand Control Measures and Sand Drift Fences

Sand drift and sand dune movements are typical logistic problems facing civilian and industrial cities in arid and semiarid countries like Saudi Arabia. Some of these countries are considered active when it comes to sand drift and sand dune movement, due to the high annual sand drift rate. Urban cities have extensive facilities in the middle of these active areas that require good protection and innovative solutions?to this problem. This paper briefly reviews sand movement control measures and highlights sand drift fence design guidelines for the first time.     

A multi-criterion decision-making model for contractor prequalification selection

The factors used in this model are financial stability, experience, references, past performance, current work load, staff availability, manpower resources, company organization, office location, experience in geographic location of project, quality performance, failure to complete contracts, procurement experience, safety consciousness and claim attitude.     

Knowledge workers' use of support software in Saudi Arabia

The study reports from a survey, in Saudi Arabia, of the use of applications software by knowledge workers. Results indicate that user productivity is positively related to satisfaction and negatively to alienation. Knowledge workers in Saudi Arabia generally use low-end applications software. Expert Systems and 4 GL's are rarely used in a micro-environmnet. Informal knowledge sources are more significantly correlated with higher proficiency and productivity of knowledge workers than are the formal sources. Computer periodicals are an important information source for successful users. Younger knowledge workers are more productive than the older ones. Sharing with others has a negative effect on productivity. Implications of the use of applications software by knowledge workers in developing countries are discussed.