浅谈实验室信息系统(LIS)的设计和实施

随着医院信息化、数字化建设,实验室信息系统(laboratory information system,LIS)成为医院信息系统不可缺少的部分。该文简述了医院信息系统(HIS)中LIS系统的设计和实施过程。     

医院信息系统中的网络安全与管理

在医院信息化规模不断扩大的同时,网络安全与管理逐渐成为网络工程师关注的热点。医院信息系统的正常运行是保证医院医疗业务正常开展的关键。只有建立完善的安全体系,才能保证网络提供的各项业务信息安全、可靠和准确。     

Light-weight salient foreground detection for embedded smart cameras

An embedded smart camera is a stand-alone unit that not only captures images, but also includes a processor, memory and communication interface. Battery-powered, embedded smart cameras introduce many additional challenges since they have very limited resources, such as energy, processing power and memory. Computer vision algorithms running on these camera boards should be light-weight and efficient. Considering the memory requirements of an algorithm and its portability to an embedded processor should be an integral part of the algorithm design in addition to the accuracy requirements. This paper presents a light-weight and efficient background modeling and foreground detection algorithm that is highly robust against lighting variations and non-static backgrounds including scenes with swaying trees, water fountains and rain. Compared to many traditional methods, the memory requirement for the data saved for each pixel is very small in the proposed algorithm. Moreover, the number of memory accesses and instructions are adaptive, and are decreased depending on the amount of activity in the scene. Each pixel is treated differently based on its history, and instead of requiring the same number of memory accesses and instructions for every pixel, we require less instructions for stable background pixels. The plot of the number of unstable pixels at each frame also serves as a tool to find the video portions with high activity. The proposed method selectively updates the background model with an automatically adaptive rate, thus can adapt to rapid changes. As opposed to traditional methods, pixels are not always treated individually, and information about neighbors is incorporated into decision making. The results obtained with nine challenging outdoor and indoor sequences are presented, and compared with the results of different state-of-the-art background subtraction methods. The ROC curves and memory comparison of different background subtraction methods are also provided. The experimental results demonstrate the success of the proposed light-weight salient foreground detection method.     

面向自动抄表系统的智能消息语言

针对传统自动抄表系统存在的多种计量设备相互通信困难的问题,提出了一种面向自动化抄表系统的智能消息语言(SML).分别阐述了SML的基本概念、结构及其在网络结构中的定位,分析了SML语言标准中的消息簇组成格式、封装和编码方式等.最后,结合电力抄表系统的应用实例,给出了SML语言在电力自动抄表系统中的各种数据传输格式.通过...     

基于相互认证和3DES加密的智能卡远程支付系统认证方案

针对现有基于智能卡支付系统的安全方案存在密码暴露、信息泄露和身份认证等问题,提出一种新的基于相互认证和3DES加密的智能卡远程支付系统认证方案。分析基于二次剩余的支付认证方案的不足,在注册、登录、身份认证和密码更改阶段对其进行改进,避免密码暴露攻击,提高密码更改阶段的安全性,同时结合3DES加密算法对支付信息进行加密处理。性能分析表明,该方案能有效抵御多种攻击,且用户能够自由地修改密码,同时可对用户信息进行匿名保护。与现有智能卡支付认证方案相比,该方案提高了支付系统的安全性能且具有较小的计算复杂度。     

医院信息系统综合评价体系模型

为推动医院信息化建设工作的规范化,加强医院信息化建设的管理、监督、指导和评审工作,构建出一个具有广泛代表性的医院信息系统评价体系模型,使得我区医院信息化进程能够持续健康的发展. 我们运用一种改进的层次分析法原理,对指标体系中的每一个单一指标进行权重求解,从而得出一个可以求解出系统性能测试和功能测试总得分的指标体系,对医院信息系统进行综合评价. 通过该模型对新疆医科大学两家附属医院信息系统进行计算评分,最终科学有效地评价了该两家医院的信息系统,找出医院信息化工作的不足之处并给出了科学的改进建议.     

A framework to design a human-centred adaptive manufacturing system for aging workers

The so-called smart manufacturing systems (SMS) combine smart manufacturing technologies, cyber-physical infrastructures, and data control to realize predictive and adaptive behaviours. In this context, industrial research focused mainly on improving the manufacturing system performance, almost neglecting human factors (HF) and their relation to the production systems. However, in order to create an effective smart factory context, human performance should be included to drive smart system adaptation in efficient and effective way, also by exploiting the linkages between tangible and intangible entities offered by Industry 4.0. Furthermore, modern companies are facing another interesting trend: aging workers. The age of workers is generally growing up and, consequently, the percentage of working 45–64 years old population with different needs, capabilities, and reactions, is increasing. This research focuses on the design of human-centred adaptive manufacturing systems (AMS) for the modern companies, where aging workers are more and more common. In particular, it defines a methodology to design AMS able to adapt to the aging workers’ needs considering their reduced workability, due to both physical and cognitive functional decrease, with the final aim to improve the human-machine interaction and the workers’ wellbeing. The paper finally presents an industrial case study focusing on the woodworking sector, where an existing machine has been re-designed to define a new human-centred AMS. The new machine has been engineered and prototyped by adopting cyber-physical systems (CPS) and pervasive technologies to smartly adapt the machine behaviour to the working conditions and the specific workers’ skills, tasks, and cognitive-physical abilities, with the final aim to support aging workers. The achieved benefits were expressed in terms of system usability, focusing on human-interaction quality.     

Metamodeling of Smart Environments: from design to implementation

A smart environment is a physical environment enriched with sensing, actuation, communication and computation capabilities aiming at acquiring and exploiting knowledge about the environment so as to adapt itself to its inhabitants’ preferences and requirements. In this domain, there is the need of tools supporting the design and analysis of applications. In this paper, the Smart Environment Metamodel (SEM) framework is proposed. The framework allows to model applications by exploiting concepts specific to the smart environment domain. SEM approaches the modeling from two different points of view, namely the functional and data perspectives. The application of the framework is supported by a set of general guidelines to drive the analysis, the design and the implementation of smart environments. The effectiveness of the framework is shown by applying it to the modeling of a real smart office scenario that has been developed, deployed and analyzed.     

基于视频的夜间车辆检测与跟踪算法研究

针对夜间高速光照条件差、车灯种类多样、环境因素干扰等导致的车辆难以检测的问题,提出了一种基于视频的夜间车辆的检测与跟踪算法。该方法首先将OTSU与一维最大熵阈值分割算法相结合来实现车灯的提取,剔除非车灯光源;然后利用车灯的时空特性完成车灯的匹配,解决了一车多灯和并排同速车辆的问题;最后利用kalman滤波器完成车灯的预测跟踪。在交通弱光流畅交通、正常光流畅交通和正常光拥堵交通3种应用场景下对所提算法进行应用和结果分析,实验结果表明所提方法在保证实时性的同时具有较高的准确率。     

基于二维码的高校教学设备管理系统的设计与实现

以智能手机和教学区域的网络环境普及为契机,建立高校教学设备的二维码信息平台以及后台管理系统。该系统使管理和使用教学设备的人员通过智能手机扫描二维码,完成对教学设备的出入库管理、使用管理和维护管理,帮助资产清查工作顺利进行,提高了目前教学设备的日常管理效率。