Planning Belgian Congo’s network of medical infrastructure: type-plans as tools to construct a medical model-colony, 1949–1959

ABSTRACT

Throughout the 1950s, the Belgian colonial government constructed a vast network of hospital infrastructure as part of its Ten-Year Plan, a colony-wide socio-economic scheme emblematic for the era of ‘welfare colonialism.’ This network played a key role in Belgian colonialism, by providing healthcare, but also by boosting labour productivity, facilitating state presence and control, and by advertising Congo as a medical model-colony. In this article, we unpack the extensive administrative apparatus that was necessary to buttress this ambitious building programme, and we highlight type-plans as crucial government tools to construct such a vast network of healthcare infrastructure. At first glance, the use of type-plans confirms classic characterizations of the Belgian colonial government as an omnipotent and technocratic state apparatus that implemented large, top-down government plans through authoritative methods, often discarding local realities. However, tracing hospital construction on the ground reveals that type-plans did not function as immutable models, but rather as modular blueprints that allowed local administrations to adapt hospitals to local needs and contingencies. As such, our article illustrates how, facilitated by surprisingly flexible type-plans, everyday colonial policymaking in Belgian Congo was, contrary to the still dominant discourse, deeply reliant on the agency and aptitude of local officials.     

医院综合火灾防护系统研究

公共建筑防火,特别是医院防火是人们关注建筑防火的重点,论文将以某医院手术综合楼为样本,从系统构成特点、经济性两方面分析研究综合性医院火灾综合防护系统.     

智能家居发展现状解析

本文介绍了国内外智能家居市场两类主流的应用模式,分析了国内智能家居发展中存在的问题并提供了相应的解决思路,最后指明了我国智能家居行业的技术发展趋势。     

组合工艺处理医院生活污水的对比研究

分别采用接触氧化组合工艺和MBR组合工艺处理医院生活污水,对处理效果及运行费用进行了对比。结果表明:接触氧化组合工艺处理效果受填料比影响较大,当填料比为20%时,对COD、氨氮、浊度的去除率最高分别为88%、88%、96%;处理同样医院废水的情况下,MBR组合工艺对COD、氨氮、浊度的去除率最高分别为75%、79%、98%,由于截留能力的差异,MBR出水中的微生物含量显著低于接触氧化出水,在满足排放标准情况下,MBR组合工艺的消毒剂用量相对较低;经济分析表明,同等规模的组合工艺,两者的总投资相差不大,MBR组合工艺的运行费用略高。     

Manufacturing of advanced smart tooling for metal forming

Forming is widely used due to its high efficiency in material utilization and its high production rate in general. Most forming processes control the geometry of final products through a set of tooling. The increasing demands on lightweight products have challenged the performances and functionalities of tooling. This paper provides a systematic review of recent advancements related to tooling performance and functionalities, including tool materials, tooling fabrication processes (e.g., machining, heat treatment, coating, surface texturing, and additive manufacturing), sensing, and data analytics. Finally, recommendations on future research directions for metal forming tooling are provided.     

医院建设项目设计界面管理——以LY医院为例

我国医院就诊人次与日俱增的同时带来医院数量的不断增长,做好医院设计工作是保证医院建设乃至我国医疗卫生 服务状况改善的前提保证。从国内外基本理论入手,分析了医院设计界面管理的特点以及成因。将设计界面根据建设项目的 阶段进行划分,并以 LY 医院案例为例,将基础理论与实践相结合,按阶段分别阐述了在各个阶段进行的设计界面管理工作。 医院设计界面管理对医院项目建设具有重要影响,其中建设前准备阶段的设计界面管理工作应作为设计界面管理的重点工作 内容。     

Asphaltene precipitation and deposition in oil reservoirs – Technical aspects,experimental and hybrid neural network predictive tools

Precipitation of asphaltene is considered as an undesired process during oil production via natural depletion and gas injection as it blocks the pore space and reduces the oil flow rate. In addition, it lessens the efficiency of the gas injection into oil reservoirs. This paper presents static and dynamic experiments conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, pressure, pressure drop, dilution ratio, and mixture compositions on asphaltene precipitation and deposition. Important technical aspects of asphaltene precipitation such as equation of state, analysis tools, and predictive methods are also discussed. Different methodologies to analyze asphaltene precipitation are reviewed, as well. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) joined with imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are employed to approximate asphaltene precipitation and deposition with and without CO₂ injection. The connectionist model is built based on experimental data covering wide ranges of process and thermodynamic conditions. A good match was obtained between the real data and the model predictions. Temperature and pressure drop have the highest influence on asphaltene deposition during dynamic tests. ICA-ANN attains more reliable outputs compared with PSO-ANN, the conventional ANN, and scaling models. In addition, high pressure microscopy (HPM) technique leads to more accurate results compared with quantitative methods when studying asphaltene precipitation.     

医疗污水处理工艺介绍及设计实例

医疗污水成分较为复杂,致病菌种类多,对人体健康及环境危害性大。排入城市污水管网系统的污水需经适当的预处理工艺后,方能达到相应的排放标准。本文针对某门诊医院的污水排放要求,确定采用预处理的工艺,对医疗污水的预处理工艺设计做详细的介绍。     

Investigation of uplink radio resource management schemes for multi-services in TDD-CDMA systems employing smart antennas

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of Time Division Duplex-Code Division Multiple Access （TDD-CDMA） uplink capacity constraint is presented when employing the smart antenna techniques. The evaluation formulations of capacity and load for multi-services are proposed. In order to maximize the throughput, the objective of optimization is proposed, and an advanced uplink resource management algorithm is developed. The proposed algorithm based on the least interference admission control scheme focuses on the maximum throughput for the circuit switched multi-services. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has a significant improvement in throughput when the optimum admission control threshold is set.     

医院财务信息化管理平台设计

当前我国医院的信息化建设速度逐步加快,但是相对于其它行业,现有的医院财务管理平台功能仍不够完善,平台软件的灵敏性、兼容性不高,安全性也较差,为了解决这些问题,本文提出并设计了一种信息化财务管理平台,该平台基于B/S架构进行整体开发,以Visual Studio 2010为平台开发环境,采用SQL Server 2008...