医院建设投资的合理构成及分配

医院建筑是民用建筑中最为复杂的建筑之一,要科学合理地安排医院建设成本的构成及分配.在确定医院建设的投资总额的基础上,将此总额合理分配到各项成本中去.对于占总投资比例最大的建筑安装工程,占主导费用的是土建工程、室内装饰工程及机电安装三部分,而土建工程中外墙材料的选择、室内装饰工程中装修标准的高低、机电安装工程中空调工程类型的确定,都将对工程总投资产生至关重要的影响.     

c++中资源泄漏处理方法的研究与实现

通过对C 中编码的风险性和异常安全性的讨论,提出了一种使用智能指针解决资源泄漏问题的方法。通过构建智能指针,保证了在异常条件下对资源控制的有效性,并通过实例进行了测试。最后,对该方法进行了讨论。     

A MAC protocol to support hybrid antennas in a wireless LAN

Hybrid Distributed Coordination Function （HDCF）, a modified medium access control protocol of IEEE 802.11 standard, is proposed in this paper to support both smart adaptive array antennas and normal omni-directional antennas simultaneously in one wireless LAN. Omni-directional antennas follow the standard Distributed Coordination Function （DCF） and smart antennas follow the Directional DCF （DDCF）. The proposed DDCF is based on Hybrid Virtual Carrier Sense （HVCS） mechanism, which includes Omni-directional Request-To-Send/Clear-To-Send （ORTS/OCTS） handshake mechanism and directional data transmission. HDCF is compatible with DCF. When a node transmits in a directional beam, the other nodes can multiplex the physical channel. Hence, HDCF supports Space Division Multiple Access （SDMA）. Simulation results show that HDCF can support hybrid antennas effectively and provide much higher network throughput and lower delay and jitter than DCF does.     

基于物联网技术的智能家居椅控制系统设计

针对国内外智能家居椅控制系统二次开发难度大、接口兼容性差等问题,基于物联网技术,对现有智能家居椅控制系统进行了二次开发.采用STM32控制器对智能家居椅控制系统的输入输出接口进行扩展,引入压力传感器、S型称重传感器、光电探测器对家居椅各个执行机构进行监测,开发了基于Java语言的微信客户端应用(APP)程序,实现了智能...     

智能电能表数据安全隐患多层次分析与系统设计

电能计量装置是智能电网的核心部分,对用户和电力企业提供多种先进功能,但多数电能计量装置缺乏安全性保护。针对此问题,提出了一种安全漏洞多层次分析与系统设计方案。该系统考虑了大量用电日志,以便向用户提供详细信息,允许其有效识别出用电高峰时段。使用安全文件传输协议(FTP)将用电数据从智能电能表传递至电力企业服务器,以确保数据传输的隐私性和安全性。系统中还使用了加密技术,通过传输层安全(TLS)/安全套接字层(SSL)来保护用户与Web门户之间的通信。通过对系统强化等分析表明,与同类系统相比,所提系统设计具有较大的安全性优势。     

Entire Life Time Monitoring of Filament Wound Composite Cylinders Using Bragg Grating Sensors: II. Process Monitoring

This article is the second of a series of three papers concerning monitoring of filament wound cylinders using Bragg gratings. In this second part, the tooling presented in Part I is used to embed gratings and thermocouples in filament wound glass reinforced epoxy composite cylinders during fabrication. Bragg grating strain was obtained from wavelength and temperature response, by a calibration technique described here. Results from tests on five cylinders show the Bragg grating’s capability to monitor strain evolution during fabrication, and the capacity to detect several phenomena occurring during cure is established, in addition to quantifying the initial material condition of the cylinder before it enters service.     

The role of big data and cognitive computing in the learning process

In this paper, we investigate how the raise of big data and cognitive computing systems is going to redesign the labor market, also impacting on the learning processes. In this respect, we make reference to higher education and we depict a model of a smart university, which relies on the concepts that are at the basis of the novel smart-cities’ development trends. Thus, we regard education as a process so that we can find specific issues to solve to overcome existing criticisms, and provide some suggestions on how to enhance universities’ performances. We highlight inputs, outputs, and dependencies in a block diagram, and we propose a solution built on a new paradigm called smarter-university, in which knowledge grows rapidly, is easy to share, and is regarded as a common heritage of both teachers and students. Among the others, a paramount consequence is that there is a growing demand for competences and skills that recall the so called T-shape model and we observe that this is pushing the education system to include a blend of disciplines in the curriculums of their courses. In this overview, among the wide variety of recent innovations, we focus our attention on cognitive computing systems and on the exploitation of big data, that we expect to further accelerate the refurbishment process of the key components of the knowledge society and universities as well.     

From distribution networks to smart distribution systems: Rethinking the regulation of European electricity DSOs

Distributed energy resources allow for new business models that have the potential to substantially change today's power system functioning paradigm. In particular, these changes pose challenges for distribution system operators (DSOs) and their regulation alike. This article sheds light on missing aspects in current regulation, recognizing DSOs as regulated monopolies, but also as key players along the supply chain. We provide insights on how regulation should be adjusted so that DSOs are incentivized to facilitate the market entry of welfare-enhancing technologies in a timely fashion, and to manage the distribution system efficiently in the presence of distributed energy resources.     

Self-sensing piezoresistive cement composite loaded with carbon black particles

Strain sensors can be embedded in civil engineering infrastructures to perform real-time service life monitoring. Here, the sensing capability of piezoresistive cement-based composites loaded with carbon black (CB) particles is investigated. Several composite mixtures, with a CB filler loading up to 10% of binder mass, were mechanically tested under cyclic uniaxial compression, registering variations in electrical resistance as a function of deformation. The results show a reversible piezoresistive behaviour and a quasi-linear relation between the fractional change in resistivity and the compressive strain, in particular for those compositions with higher amount of CB. Gage factors of 30 and 24 were found for compositions containing 7 and 10% of binder mass, respectively. These findings suggest that the CB-cement composites may be a promising active material to monitor compressive strain in civil infrastructures such as concrete bridges and roadways.     

Delamination detection with carbon nanotube thread in self-sensing composite materials

Laminated composite materials can reach high mechanical properties at low weight. Composite materials, however, are susceptible to damage due to their low interlaminar mechanical properties and poor heat and charge transport in the transverse direction to the laminate. Moreover, methods to inspect and ensure the reliability of composites are expensive and labor intensive. Recently carbon nanotube forests were spun into thread that is tough and electrically conductive. The thread was integrated into composite materials and used for the first time as a sensor to monitor strains and detect damage including delamination in the material. These self-sensing composites were found to be very sensitive to damage and will help to revolutionize the maintenance of composite structures, which will now be based on their condition and not their amount of use.