创新的会计监督理论与实践

许多会计理论在新《会计法》中有了突破,其中会计监督理论的创新最具有代表性。创新的会计监督 理论也对会计监督实践提出了新要求。     

消防模拟训练系统监控软件的设计与实现

文章介绍了广东省消防模拟训练系统中监控软件系统的设计.该系统集成了实时监控、PLC逻辑控制、RSView现场控制、告警处理、历史数据及专家决策系统等功能.通过设备控制、实时监控、记录和分析训练过程数据,达到控制训练过程、确保训练人员安全的目的.     

Human-factors engineering for smart transport: design support for car drivers and train traffic controllers

The theme Smart Transport can be described as adequate human-system symbiosis to realize effective, efficient and human-friendly transport of goods and information. This paper addresses how to attune automation to human (cognitive) capacities (e.g. to take care of information uncertainty, operator trust and mutual man-machine adaptations). An introduction to smart transport is presented, including examples of best practice for engineering human factors in the vehicle ergonomics and train traffic control domain. The examples are representative of an ongoing trend in automation and they show how the human role changes from controller to supervisor. Section 2 focuses on the car driver and systems that support, or sometimes even take over, critical parts of the driving task. Due to the diversity of driver ability, driving context and dependence between driver and context factors, there is a need for personalised, adaptive and integrated support. Systematic research is needed to establish sound systems. Section 3 focuses on the train dispatcher support systems that predict train movements, detect potential conflicts and show the dispatcher the possibilities available to solve the detected problems. Via thorough analysis of both the process to be controlled and the dispatcher's tasks and cognitive needs, support functions were developed as part of an already very complex supervision and control system. The two examples, although from a different field, both show the need for further development in cognitive modelling as well as for the value of sound ergonomics task analysis in design practice.     

Safe diagnosability for fault-tolerant supervision of discrete-event systems

The problem of achieving fault-tolerant supervision of discrete-event systems is considered from the viewpoint of safe and timely diagnosis of unobservable faults. To this end, the new property of safe diagnosability is introduced and studied. Standard definitions of diagnosability of discrete-event systems deal with the problem of detecting the occurrence of unobservable fault events using model-based inferencing from observed sequences of events. In safe diagnosability, it is required in addition that fault detection occur prior to the execution of a given set of forbidden strings in the failed mode of operation of the system. For instance, this constraint could be required to prevent local faults from developing into failures that could cause safety hazards. If the system is safe diagnosable, reconfiguration actions could be forced upon the detection of faults prior to the execution of unsafe behaviour, thus achieving the objective of fault-tolerant supervision. Necessary and sufficient conditions for safe diagnosability are derived. In addition, the problem of explicitly considering safe diagnosability in controller design, termed “active safe diagnosis problem”, is formulated and solved. A brief discussion of safe diagnosability for timed models of discrete-event systems is also provided.     

PLC控制系统在脱盐水自动控制系统改造中的应用

本文通过对大庆市化工一厂脱盐水自动控制系统的改造项目的实践,使PLC控制系统在脱盐水自动控制改造中得到了成功的应用。本文概述了脱盐水设备的工艺运行特点及控制要求,并给出了实现控制的方法。本文还介绍了控制系统的构成,监控系统的设计及其实现的功能。     

基于Ajax的非现场监管分析系统的设计与实现

文章在实践中设计实现了基于Ajax技术、在J2EE框架下的非现场监管分析系统。系统层次结构清晰,代码复用率高,并且由于Ajax技术正处在迅速发展并逐步走向成熟的阶段,使用Ajax技术引用异步调用机制,能有效地提高系统的运行效率和改善用户的交互体验。     

制药行业MES网络集成制造系统的研究

针对制药企业的生产特性,依据S88及S95标准,建立基于MES(Manufacture Execution System)的生产制造系统网络集成平台,实现制药生产及经营过程DCS及ERP系统的集成,应用先进的计算机技术及管理技术改变并优化企业生产运营模式.就上述问题提出切实可行的技术方法.     

通信工程概预算编制对于监理工作的借鉴作用研究

本文结合具体工程案例,通过分析实物法编制通信工程概预算的步骤及要点,研究了其对于通信工程监理工作在造价控制、进度控制及质量控制方面所具有的借鉴作用。     

我国进口食品安全监管存在的问题及对策建议

食品是人类最直接、最重要的消费品。食品安全状况是衡量一个国家经济发展水平和人民生活质量的重要指标。随着我国进口食品的数量和品种逐年增加,我国进口食品安全问题也日益突出。根据国家质检总局统计数据显示:2008年查获的不合格的食品和化妆品共3162批次,2009年共1591批次,2010年共1645批次,2010年前两个月共252批次。不断发生的进口食品安全问题凸显了我国食品安全监管法律制度的漏洞。为确保我国进口食品安全和保护我国消费者食品安全消费需求,完善我国进口食品安全监管法律制度,构建科学合理的进口食品安全监管体系是当务之急。     

Towards new web services based supervisory systems in complex industrial organizations: Basic principles and case study

Mobility, cooperation and the information access of the different human actors within a complex industrial organization are some of the concerns of web-based HMI design. In this paper we highlight the application of some key concepts of web services for the specification and design of a complex supervisory web-based HMI. Hence, a novel approach based on a service oriented architecture and web services allowing flexible and transparent interaction between the field devices and human operators currently being considered is now possible. An overall design framework is presented and discussed. A real representative case study illustrating this approach is described and discussed from the human-machine interaction point of view, as well as further work.