Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Spain

This paper analyses the perception of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by individuals in Spain and the factors associated with it. It uses data from 6308 individuals from a 2018 Spanish survey. A binary logit regression model is formulated and estimated for the attitude towards robots and AI and its possible determinants. As main results are that a gender gap is detected, and that people have a negative attitude if they are not interested in scientific discoveries and technological developments and if AI and robots are not useful at work.     

REFLICS: Real-time flow imaging and classification system

An accurate analysis of a large dynamic system like our oceans requires spatially fine and temporally matched data collection methods. Current methods to estimate fish stock size from pelagic (marine) fish egg abundance by using ships to take point samples of fish eggs have large margins of error due to spatial and temporal undersampling. The real-time flow imaging and classification system (REFLICS) enhances fish egg sampling by obtaining continuous, accurate information on fish egg abundance as the ship cruises along in the area of interest. REFLICS images the dynamic flow with a progressive-scan area camera (60 frames/s) and a synchronized strobe in backlighting configuration. Digitization and processing occur on a dual-processor Pentium II PC and a pipeline-based image-processing board. REFLICS uses a segmentation algorithm to locate fish-egg-like objects in the image and then a classifier to determine fish egg, species, and development stage (age). We present an integrated system design of REFLICS and performance results. REFLICS can perform in real time (60 Hz), classify fish eggs with low false negative rates on real data collected from a cruise, and work in harsh conditions aboard ships at sea. REFLICS enables cost-effective, real-time assessment of pelagic fish eggs for research and management. Received: 12 April 2000 / Accepted: 6 July 2000     

The development and initial evaluation of the Survey of Readiness for Alcoholics Anonymous Participation.

This article presents 5 studies related to the development and initial evaluation of the Survey of Readiness for Alcoholics Anonymous Participation (SYRAAP). The SYRAAP is a brief, multidimensional, self-administered instrument that assesses beliefs associated with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) participation. Study 1 generated 239 candidate items for potential inclusion in the instrument. Study 2 assessed the content validity of these items according to 3 criteria and identified a subset of 60 with the highest values on the criteria for further consideration. Study 3 produced a shorter version of the SYRAAP and evaluated its structure, internal reliability, and validity. Study 4 reevaluated the structure and internal reliability of the SYRAAP and yielded findings that were generally consistent with those from Study 3. Study 5 established stability reliability for the instrument. The collective findings indicated the SYRAAP can reliably and validly assess individual-level beliefs associated with AA participation. The potential use of the SYRAAP for researchers and clinicians, along with limitations of the work presented here, are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

全国环境天然放射性水平调查中的数据处理规定

本文总结了全国环境天然放射性水平调查中数据处理的质量保证工作。包括按行政区域的统计程序和有关规定，各类加权均值及其（等效）单次测量标准差的计算，居民剂量的计算公式和参数，陆地γ辐射剂量率和天然贯穿辐射剂量率的计算，数据处理和计算结果的复核要求。     

Letter to the Editor.

In this letter, D. E. Berlyne, President of the Canadian Psychological Association, explains the organization's decision to co-sponsor the 1972 Survey of Psychologists in the United States and Canada. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Differences in safety belt use by race

The purpose of the study was to identify daytime differences in safety belt use by race. Safety belt use was investigated in a direct observation survey of drivers and front-outboard passengers throughout Michigan. Data were weighted to calculate statewide safety belt use rates by race. Race was assessed visually by trained observers. The study showed that motor vehicle occupants identified as Black had significantly lower safety belt use than those occupants identified as White or Other.     

An accident waiting to happen: a spatial approach to proactive pedestrian planning

There are about 75,000 pedestrian crashes in the United States each year. Approximately 5000 of these crashes are fatal, accounting for 12% of all roadway deaths. On college campuses, pedestrian exposure and crash-risk can be quite high. Therefore, we analyzed pedestrian crashes on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) as a test case for our spatially-oriented prototype tool that combines perceived-risk (survey) data with police-reported crash data to obtain a more complete picture of pedestrian crash-risk. We use spatial analysis techniques combined with regression models to understand factors associated with risk. The spatial analysis is based on comparing two distributions, i.e. the locations of perceived-risk with police-reported crash locations. The differences between the two distributions are statistically significant, implying that certain locations on campus are perceived as dangerous, though pedestrian crashes have not yet occurred there, and there are actual locations of police-reported crashes that are not perceived to be dangerous by pedestrians or drivers. Furthermore, we estimate negative binomial regression models to combine pedestrian and automobile exposure with roadway characteristics and spatial/land use information. The models show that high exposure, incomplete sidewalks and high crosswalk density are associated with greater observed and perceived pedestrian crash-risk. Additionally, we found that people perceive a lower risk near university libraries, stadiums, and academic buildings, despite the occurrence of crashes.     

A process of knowledge discovery from web log data: Systematization and critical review

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of web log/usage mining based on over 100 research papers. This is the first survey dedicated exclusively to web log/usage mining. The paper identifies several web log mining sub-topics including specific ones such as data cleaning, user and session identification. Each sub-topic is explained, weaknesses and strong points are discussed and possible solutions are presented. The paper describes examples of web log mining and lists some major web log mining software packages.     

广西壮族自治区土壤中天然放射性核素含量调查研究

本文报道广西壮族自治区土壤中天然放射性核素含量调查的主要结果。基本与环境陆地γ辐射剂量率调查同位布点,全自治区共采集土壤样品383个,其中包括25 km×25 km 网格点样品360个,土壤类型加密点21个,特殊点2个。测量采用γ能谱法。调查结果表明,广西壮族自治区土壤(干样)中天然放射性核素~(238)U、~(226)Ra、~(232)Th、~(40)K 含量按面积加权平均值(±单次测量标准差)分别为:53.0(±32.7)、53.1(±35.2)、69.1(±34.6)和332.2(±234.4)Bq/kg。调查中发现“花山-姑婆山”一带土壤中天然放射性核素含量显著偏高,其土壤中~(238)U、~(226)Ra、~(232)Th、~(40)K 含量分别为170、184、211、766Bq/kg。     

预防接种现状调查及信息化提高预防接种工作效率的研究

预防接种是预防和控制传染病发生和流行最经济最有效最可靠的措施,实行儿童预防接种信息化管理将全面提高各级各部门的工作效率和信息利用的及时性、可靠性。虽然我国已经建立了较为完备的预防接种体制,但在农村等偏远地区仍然存在接种认知率不足,接种率偏低的情况。通过对丰城市实施儿童预防接种信息管理系统实践情况的调查,探讨实行计算机和网络技术的科学管理,以提高基层儿童计划免疫工作质量和整体效益,实现现代化管理。