Improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 via hybridizing with graphene

In this paper an improvement in the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ was carried out via hybridizing with graphene. Graphene-TiO₂ (GR-TiO₂)nanocomposites with different weight addition ratios of graphene oxide (GO) have been prepared via a facile microwave irradiation of GO and tetrabutyl titanate in isopropyl alcohol. Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) are employed to determine the properties of the samples. Microwave irradiation can heat the reactant to a higher temperature in a short time, simultaneously GO is reduced to graphene and TiO₂ nanoparticles grown on the surface of GR. GR-TiO₂ nanocomposites synthesized via this approach have efficient electron conductivity in GR, resulting in a reduced electron-hole recombination rate. Among the synthesized nanocomposites, GT-8wt% exhibited the best photocatalytic activity toward photocatalytic degradation of MB. Our current work provides a new insight for the fabrication of GR-TiO₂ nanocomposites within a short reaction time and also explains the mechanism of photocatalysis employing radical and hole scavengers.     

"一带一路"战略下西亚北非技术性贸易措施分析及对策研究

文章对1995年到2016年间的西亚北非主要贸易国家TBT/SPS通报进行统计分析,研究其TBT/SPS通报的发展趋势及特点,最后重点进行对策研究,以最大限度保护我国出口企业合法权益,合理规避技术性贸易壁垒,促进中国对西亚北非贸易地区的出口.     

技术性贸易壁垒对安徽省外贸的影响及对策

本文对技术性贸易壁垒的内涵、产生背景、特点等方面进行阐述,并在分析安徽省外贸行业现状的基础上,就技术性贸易壁垒对安徽省外贸的影响作了较为详尽的分析,最后针对我省的应对措施进行了理论上的探讨,为政府、外贸行业和外贸企业的决策提供参考意见。     

给水处理中有机锡化合物的污染

运用SPME-GC-MS检测方法,对重庆市A、B两净水厂净水过程中丁基锡和苯基锡的污染状况进行了研究,并对有机锡污染来源和不同城市净水过程中有机锡污染状况进行了探讨。结果表明:A、B两水厂净水过程中MBT检出率最高(最高浓度为120.8ngSn/L),其次是DBT、MPT和DPT,偶尔检测到TPT(2.8ngSn/L),没有检测到TBT;A、B两水厂的有机锡均来自受污染水源,A水厂取水口上游仅0.1km处检测到较高浓度的TBT(161.8ngSn/L),对A水厂饮用水安全造成威胁;重庆A、B两水厂有机锡污染明显轻于同期天津某水厂有机锡污染;国内净水厂有机锡污染主要来自受有机锡污染的水源,而加拿大给水中有机锡污染主要来自用作给水输配水管道的PVC管材的析出。     

基础设施项目运用TBT融资方式的风险管理

本文通过对国际上已采用TBT项目融资模式的实例研究,阐明了通过合理设计合同结构来共同分担项目风险的观点.以此为依据,本文结合实际提出了对TBT项目的投标风险、财务风险、建设风险、市场风险、投资环境风险进行有效管理的若干措施.     

基础设施项目融资的有效方式--TBT

本文通过对BOT和TOT项目融资模式的比较和分析,提出了兼备两种项目融资模式优点的TBT项目融资模式.阐明了运用TBT模式进行项目融资的操作步骤,界定了TBT项目融资模式的应用范围.     

Electrophoretic deposition of nanocrystalline TiO2 films on Ti substrates for use in flexible dye-sensitized solar cells

Nanocrystalline TiO₂ films were prepared on flexible Ti-metal sheets by electrophoretic deposition followed by chemical treatment with tetra-n-butyl titanate (TBT) and sintering at 450 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that TBT treatment led to the formation of additional anatase TiO₂, which plays an important role in improving the interconnection between TiO₂ particles, as well as the adherence of the film to the substrate, and in modifying the surface properties of the nanocrystalline particles. The effect of TBT treatment on the electron transport in the nanocrystalline films was studied by intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). An increase in the conversion efficiency was obtained for the dye-sensitized solar cells with TBT-treated nanocrystalline TiO₂ films. The cell performance was further optimized by designing nanocrystalline TiO₂ films with a double-layer structure composed of a light-scattering layer and a transparent layer. The light-scattering effect of the double-layer nanocrystalline films was evaluated by diffuse reflectance spectra. Employing the double-layer nanocrystalline films as the photoelectrodes resulted in a significant improvement in the incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency of the corresponding cells due to enhanced solar absorption by light scattering. A high conversion efficiency of 6.33% was measured under illumination with 100 mW cm⁻² (AM 1.5) simulated sunlight.     

标准化与专利权——技术性贸易壁垒的新趋势

近年来我国企业的生产和贸易常常面临标准化和专利权领域的障碍，即我国生产的产品未通过相应国际标准或进口国的国内标准而被阻抵在一国市场之外，或因为我国企业忽视对外国专利权的保护而频频遭受专利权诉讼。同时，二者又常常相互结合在一起，即标准中引入专利权，专利权纳入标准，这样一种结合将会对我国的企业造成更多更大的影响。对标准与专利权结合的缘由及其背后的法理进行了分析，对专利权标准化对我国贸易的影响作了一定的实证分析，提出了我国应对产业标准运用中滥用专利权的基本策略。     

论工程建设标准化工作应对WTO／TBT规则的问题

工程建设标准化工作和我国的建设事业发展休戚相关。加入WTO后，我们的工作将遇到的最大挑战是对现行行业管理体制和产业结构的冲击。本文考察了WTO／TBT规则和建设领域标准化日常概念之间的关系；分析并指出了工程建设标准体系基本结构，风格的历史性转向；和国际惯例接轨，保护我国传统产业所面临的基本问题；对技术法规，技术标准，合格评定，通报与咨询，参与国际标准化组织活动等方面，提出了应采取的措施，阐释了创新和谋划进步的可能性。     

国内外有关能效的TBT通报研究

提高能效正成为全球应对能源危机的有效方式之一,2000年以来WTO成员先后发出114件有关能效的TBT通报。本文从年度发布数量、成员组成结构和涵盖产品类型等方面分析通报状况,研究此类通报的特点和趋势,并在此基础上结合我院的实践提出应对能效TBT通报的思路和建议。