浅析加入WTO后对中国氯碱企业的影响及对策

阐述了我国氯碱企业面临的形势,介绍了wTO/TBT协议及加入WTO后对氯碱企业的影响,提出了我国氯碱企业应采取的对策。     

Characterization of tributyltin in shipyard waters and removal through laboratory and full-scale treatment

Characterization and treatment studies were conducted in an effort to evaluate treatment options capable of removing tributyltin (TBT) in shipyard waters from above 1,000,000 ng/L to effluent concentrations below 50 ng/L. Laboratory studies and operation of a full-scale treatment plant were used to examine treatment options for TBT removal and included physicochemical treatment processes of coagulation-clarification, filtration, and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Significant variability was observed in TBT-containing shipyard waters (generated from different ships) in terms of their particulate solids, conductivity, and TBT and dissolved organic carbon concentrations. Laboratory tests with aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate showed that on average 90% of TBT in shipyard waters could be removed by coagulation-flocculation-clarification under optimum conditions. No statistically significant difference was found in TBT removal capabilities between the two metal salts when compared at equivalent metal doses and coagulation pH. Much lower removals were observed for the coagulation-flocculation-clarification portion of the full-scale plant while the complete full-scale treatment plant averaged 99.8% TBT removal over a period of 3 years. While relatively high % removals were achieved, the total treatment process did not consistently remove TBT to levels that would meet the regulatory requirements proposed (50 ng/L) at the time the study was conducted. Based on the results from limited efforts to characterize the dissolved and particulate TBT fractions in the full-scale treatment plant effluent, particulate TBT was observed to be the dominant component of the effluent TBT from the full-scale plant and may be associated with polymer carry through.     

试论我国水利工程建设技术标准化

综述了我国水利工程建设技术标准化的发展历程及特征,总结了现行水利工程建设技术标准存在的问题与不足,并根据水利改革发展的新形势以及WTO/TBT协定要求,对我国新时期水利工程建设技术标准化的建设提出了建议和展望。     

摩托车产业遭受技术性贸易措施的调查分析

本文通过对国内主要的摩托车生产基地重庆市摩托车出口企业进行的实际调查,以局部模拟全局反映出入世以来我国整个摩托车产业遭受技术性贸易措施的情况。全文包括三个部分：一为重庆市摩托车产品出口现状;二为各国摩托车技术性贸易措施通报情况;三为对策和建议。在调研的基础上进行相关分析,为产业和管理部门提供决策依据。     

从丹麦开放标准政策看《TBT协定》对信息技术标准的适用性

丹麦政府2007年向世界贸易组织(WTO)通报了在公共部门强制实施开放标准的政策.尽管开放标准在当时已经成为信息技术领域一个重要的政策议题,但时至今日,WTO成员没有就丹麦开放标准政策进行任何讨论.WTO成员“忽视”丹麦开放标准通报主要原因是:WTO《技术性贸易壁垒协定》(TBT)对通讯技术标准适用性不明确,围绕该通报的讨论难以产生有意义的结果.丹麦开放标准通报说明了《TBT协定》在解决技术标准、特别是信息技术标准相关贸易纠纷中的局限性,以及加强信息技术标准适用性研究的重要性.     

从中外稻米标准的比较看稻米出口应对技术性贸易壁垒

稻米作为中国最主要的粮食作物,它的生产、加工、流通、储备等一直被中国政府作为关乎国计民生的大事来抓,通过比较中国和世界主要稻米贸易国稻米质量和安全卫生标准,找出其中的差别,通过这些差别探讨了可能引发的技术贸易壁垒,包括如何规避出口技术贸易壁垒和如何有效设置进口技术贸易壁垒等。并给出了一些如何完善中国稻米标准的建议。