四硝基并哌嗪的催化热分解及机理研究

采用高压差示扫描量热法(PDSC)、热重分析法(TGA)和快速扫描傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR),研究了四硝基并哌嗪(TNAD)的热分解机理,并采用FT-IR技术和TG/MS(质谱)联用分析了TNAD热分解过程的凝聚相变化,确认其热分解机理与化学反应过程。研究表明,在1MPa压力下TNAD的分解过程较简单,无熔融吸热峰出现,属固相分解,主要放热峰出现在212.5～251.7℃。NTO-Pb、TNAD/φ-Pb、β-Cu和AD-Cu等铅铜盐对TNAD的催化作用明显,都能使其热分解反应提前,相比之下,β-Cu和NTO-Pb催化效果更好。炭黑、Al_2O_3、Al等添加剂对TNAD起到稀释作用,缓和了分解放热过程,可起到稳定燃烧的作用。TNAD热分解主要有2个历程,分解过程中产生的主要气体产物为HCHO、NO、HCN和-C2_H_2、-CHO等碎片离子。     

Type 2 Transglutaminase in Coeliac Disease: A Key Player in Pathogenesis,Diagnosis and Therapy

Type 2 transglutaminase (TG2) is the main autoantigen in coeliac disease (CD), a widespread inflammatory enteropathy caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals in genetically predisposed individuals. As a consequence, serum antibodies to TG2 represent a very useful marker in CD diagnosis. However, TG2 is also an important player in CD pathogenesis, for its ability to deamidate some Gln residues of gluten peptides, which become more immunogenic in CD intestinal mucosa. Given the importance of TG2 enzymatic activities in CD, several studies have sought to discover specific and potent inhibitors that could be employed in new therapeutical approaches for CD, as alternatives to a lifelong gluten-free diet. In this review, we summarise all the aspects regarding TG2 involvement in CD, including its enzymatic reactions in pathogenesis, the role of anti-TG2 antibodies in disease management, and the exploration of recent strategies to reduce deamidation or to use transamidation to detoxify gluten.     

微胶囊阻燃剂处理ABS的阻燃机理

用三聚氰胺-甲醛预聚物对CuO、Al(OH)3、Al2O3进行包覆制得微胶囊阻燃剂。采用热重分析、锥形量热分析研究添加阻燃剂的ABS的热解行为,从热量释放、烟气、CO和CO2排放等参数表征其阻燃性能,并用Kissinger方程计算ABS的动力学参数热解活化能的变化。结果表明,CuO微胶囊处理ABS热解反应活化能升高,阻燃主要在于CuO微胶囊提高了ABS热稳定性;Al(OH)3微胶囊主要通过脱水吸热对抑制发烟量效果明显;Al2O3微胶囊对ABS的热解具有催化成炭作用,使材料的热解活化能大大降低。     

水泥胶凝材料水化进程及力学特性研究

首先简述了热分析的测定原理及其在水泥化学研究中的应用;利用热重方法分析了水泥净浆的水化进程变化规律,研究了不同水灰比的水泥净浆水化程度;并从理论上解释了不同水灰比的水泥净浆水化程度发展规律;而且,对水泥净浆水化过程中的抗压强度进行了测试,试验结果发现其变化趋势与水化程度变化趋势是完全一致的,这充分反映了微观结构与宏观性能之间的关系.     

EVM阻燃机理初探

通过运用氧指数、TG、DSC等试验手段对乙烯醋酸乙烯橡胶（EVM）进行研究,揭示了EVM橡胶的阻燃性能与结构之间的必然联系。结果表明,醋酸乙烯酯（VA）从EVM主链脱落,属于吸热反应;主链裂解,属于放热反应;VA含量提高,导致整个体系吸热增加,从而使阻燃性能得以提高。     

套管TG22热轧钢带研究及产业化

为了适应深井及超深井应用需求,通过设计化学成分及优化轧制工艺,开发一种兼备强度和低温冲击韧性的油气井用TG22热轧钢带。结果表明:采用化学成分设计为Fe-0.24%C-0.20%Si-1.30%Mn-0.020%Nb时,加热炉目标出钢温度1 170℃、中间坯厚度46mm、终轧温度830℃和卷取温度570℃时,热轧钢带力学性能为Rel 506～554 MPa、Rm 654～685 MPa、A₅₀29%～35%、Rel/Rm 0.75～0.82及KV₂(-10℃)45.5～63.6 J。     

酱卤牛肉的质地及风味改良研究

在传统的酱卤牛肉生产制作工艺基础上,采用目前应用于肉类、鱼类等衍生产品中为提升样品质地特性的TG酶水解法,应用于酱牛肉制作前处理中,探究其对酱牛肉质地的影响,结果表明经过TG酶水解后,酱牛肉的质地得到改善。采用乳酸菌发酵法,通过前期乳酸菌发酵液对牛肉的发酵,探究其对酱牛肉风味的影响,结果表明经过乳酸菌发酵后,制作的酱牛肉风味得到明显增强。经过这两种工艺改良后的酱牛肉具有色泽均一、香味诱人、肉汁浓郁、肉质紧实有嚼劲的特点。     

红外与热失重结合解析酚醛复合材料的成分

通过红外与热重结合使用的方法来研究热固性复合材料在空气气氛下的热降解过程,由此来推断树脂基复合材料的成分及含量,例如对一酚醛复合材料分析结果为酚醛含量为43%左右,有机纤维为13%左右、硅灰石42%左右,这一方法需经多次验证。     

Methacrylate monomer as an alternative to styrene in typical polyester–styrene copolymers

This study presents the research on the influence of crosslinking monomers [styrene and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA)] on the properties of unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs). Syntheses of the unsaturated polyesters (UPs) modified with benzyl alcohol were carried out. Then, each polyester was used in preparation of five resin solutions with different amounts of crosslinking monomers acting as reactive diluents. These diluents improve the processability of UPs reducing their viscosities. They also take part in crosslinking of resins during copolymerization process. The properties of the prepared UPRs systems were investigated before and after the curing process. The measurements of their viscosity, reactivity, mechanical properties, thermal stability (thermogravimetry), and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed. Resins where DEGDMA was used as reactive diluent were characterized by the largest viscosities in comparison to styrene ones. The type of the used monomer influenced also degree of the resin crosslinking. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47735.     

一种新型磷酸硼的制备方法

用常温常压的方法制备了磷酸硼 ,用红外光谱与 X-射线粉末衍射确认了所制备的化合物 ,同时用差热热重分析研究了此化合物的热稳定性。