三峡左岸电站主变差动保护误动的分析

三峡左岸电站的继电保护选择了性能先进、可靠性高的成熟产品。自2003年7月至今,三峡电站已经运行了两年多时间。在这两年多时间里,电厂的继电保护设备经受了多次考验。文章对其中一次主变差动保护的误动进行了详细而深入的分析。     

大型活塞式压缩机弹性隔振基础的设计及安装

大型活塞式压缩机基础转速较低,传统上采用固定大块体结构,不仅基础的体积和重量都很大,而且动力计算模型也比较复杂,设计参数具有不确定性。而弹簧隔振基础结构边界条件简单清晰,解除了设备、基础块与下部结构的刚性动态耦合,受力明确,构造简单,可靠性和准确度高;隔振效率高达80%以上,能大大降低设备本身和对下部结构的动力作用。文章结合胜利油田油气集输总厂一工程实例,从结构型式、隔振原理、物理参数、动力分析几方面介绍了弹性隔振基础的设计,并简要介绍了弹性隔振基础的安装要点。     

变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价和比较

本文详细介绍了变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价方法。静态分析法包括投资回收期法、抵偿年限法和年计算费用法；动态分析法则包括净现值法、内部回收率法、总费用现值法和最小年费用法。     

VSAP软件在碟式太阳能热发电系统设计中的应用

进行碟式太阳能热发电系统结构设计的关键是保证其可靠性和稳定性，为此，本文用VSAP有限元软件完成了系统结构的设计计算与分析，并在此基础上解决了聚光器配重、改善系统稳定性等问题。     

lmbench: an extensible micro‐benchmark suite

lmbench is a powerful and extensible suite of micro‐benchmarks that measures a variety of important aspects of system performance. It has a powerful timing harness that manages most of the ‘housekeeping’ chores associated with benchmarking, making it easy to create new benchmarks that analyze systems or components of specific interest to the user. In many ways lmbench is a Swiss army knife for performance analysis. It includes an extensive suite of micro‐benchmarks that give powerful insights into system performance. For those aspects of system or application performance not covered by the suite, it is generally a simple task to create new benchmarks using the timing harness. lmbench is written in ANSI‐C and uses POSIX interfaces, so it is portable across a wide variety of systems and architectures. It also includes powerful new tools that measure performance under scalable loads to analyze SMP and clustered system performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Selectors Make Set-Based Analysis Too Hard

A set-based program analysis establishes constraints between sets of abstract values for all expressions in a program. Solving the system of constraints produces a conservative approximation to the program's runtime flow of values. Some practical set-based analyses use explicit selectors to extract the relevant values from an approximation set. For example, if the analysis needs to determine the possible return values of a procedure, it uses the appropriate selector to extract the relevant component from the abstract representation of the procedure. In this paper, we show that this selector-based approach complicates the constraint solving phase of the analysis too much and thus fails to scale up to realistic programming languages. We demonstrate this claim with a full-fledged value flow analysis for case-lambda, a multi-branched version of lambda. We show how both the theoretical underpinnings and the practical implementation become too complex. In response, we present a variant of set-based closure analysis that computes equivalent results in a much more efficient manner.     

尼龙护套电线印字缺陷的分析及改进的措施

阐述了尼龙护套电线印字过程中,经常出现的几种缺陷,并对这些缺陷产生的原因进行了分析,尤其对印字拖印问题,进行了详细和深入的分析,并提出了一系列的改进措施。     

C pm MPPAC for manufacturing quality control applied to the precision voltage reference process

The multiprocess performance analysis chart (MPPAC) based on the process capability index C_pm, called C_pm MPPAC, is developed for analysing the manufacturing quality of a group of processes in a multiple process environment. The C_pm MPPAC conveys critical information of multiple processes regarding the departure of the process and process variability from one single chart. Existing research works on MPPAC are restricted to obtaining quality information from one single sample of each process ignoring sampling errors. The information provided from existing MPPAC charts, therefore, is unreliable and misleading and results in incorrect decisions. In this paper, we consider the natural estimator of C_pm based on multiple samples. Based on the natural estimator of C_pm, we consider the sampling errors by providing an explicit formula with the Matlab program to obtain the estimation accuracy of the C_pm. We tabulate the sampling accuracy of C_pm for sample size determination so that the engineers/practitioners can use it for their in-plant applications. An example of multiple precision voltage reference (PVR) processes is presented to illustrate the applicability of C_pm MPPAC for manufacturing quality control.     

小高跨比单层单跨实腹门式刚架平面内弹性整体稳定分析

采用精确的有限元非线性分析方法对小高跨比单层单跨实腹门式刚架的平面内弹性整体稳定性进行了大量的参数分析，指出在梁上均布荷载作用下，当柱梁高跨比小于某一数值时，一般不发生传统理论所认为的反对称失稳模式，而是以对称失稳模式为主。给出了修正的柱计算长度系数，并与规范给出的数值进行了对比，认为这种对称失稳模式更不利于门式刚架的整体稳定，应该引起足够的重视。     

Benchmarking of electricity networks: Practical problems with its use for regulation

Benchmarking is a technique derived for management purposes, intended to identify outliers in any population as possible problems for resolution. Several regulatory agencies have tried to use benchmarking to define the degree of inefficiency of regulated companies, by reference to some target or frontier. This paper identifies the main problem inherent in trying to adapt a management technique to a regulatory purpose – namely that it requires the exercise of subjective judgements. The resulting lack of predictability and objectivity is not conducive to the provision of efficient regulatory incentives.This paper explains where subjective judgement enters into regulatory applications of benchmarking, which is not always apparent. The choice of model and selection of data sets are two obvious areas, but the main problem arises over the assumption that any costs not explained by the model must be due to inefficiency. Such assumptions are simply unsupported by evidence and lead to cost targets (or cost reduction targets defined over several years) that are little better than subjective guesses. There are other, superior ways to set cost reduction targets, based on long-term trends in total factor productivity for the regulated sector, which are used in the US and in other countries. However, some regulators feel obliged to use benchmarking and the paper concludes with recommendations as to how benchmarking should support further and more objective investigations into the costs of regulated utilities.