高硫石油焦燃烧固硫基础性研究及工业技术的进展

本文概述了高硫石油焦固硫的基础性研究及工业上的最新进展。     

Coking kinetics of a Cr2O3/Al2O3 catalyst during 1-butene dehydrogenation: Effect of H2 partial pressure

The influence has been studied of the partial pressure of hydrogen (0–30 kPa) upon the coking rate of a Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ commercial catalyst during 1-butene dehydrogenation. Coke deposition has been analysed using a monolayer-multilayer reversible coke growth model (MMRC model). This model provides good fits to the experimental data, within the range of partial pressure of H₂ studied, and allows us to estimate the main kinetic parameters involved in the coking-deactivation process. The results obtained reveal a dual effect of hydrogen: competition against 1-butene for the active sites and the removal of coke precursors from the catalyst surface. Bom effects diminish the coking rate as the H₂ partial pressure is increased.     

纳米SiO_2粒子在环氧树脂中的分散工艺研究

研究了纳米SiO2在环氧树脂中的均匀分散工艺,探讨了超声波振荡和超声波分散时间对纳米SiO2/EP复合材料力学性能的影响,确定了最佳分散工艺。SEM表明,采用高剪切与超声波复合分散工艺比高剪切工艺的分散效果好;测试了复合材料的力学性能,进一步证明纳米SiO2具有增韧增强作用。     

Electrochemical performance of nanocrystalline Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon composite material synthesized by a novel sol–gel method

A novel sol–gel method based on V₂O₅·nH₂O hydro-gel was developed to synthesize nanocrystalline Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon composite material. In this route, V₂O₅·nH₂O hydro-gel, NH₄H₂PO₄, Li₂CO₃ and high-surface-area carbon were used as starting materials to prepare precursor, and the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon was obtained by sintering precursor at 750 °C for 4 h in flowing argon. The sol–gel synthesis ensures homogeneity of the precursors and improved reactivity. The sample was characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. X-ray diffraction results show Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ sample is monoclinic structure with the space group of P2₁/n. The TEM image indicates that the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles modified by conductive carbon are about 70 nm in diameter. The Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon system showed that the discharge capacities in the first and 50th cycle are about 155.3 and 143.6 mAh/g, respectively, in the range of 3.0–4.8 V. The sol–gel method is fit for the preparation of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon composite material which may offer some favorable properties for commercial application.     

月桂氮草酮研究进展

介绍了月桂氮草酮作为高效皮肤促渗剂的发展概况、合成工艺、研究进展及其应用前景。     

F离子掺杂TiO2的性能研究

以NH4F为掺杂剂，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备F离子掺杂型TiO2光催化剂，对其进行XRD、XPS和PL表征，结果表明，F离子掺杂ToO2由于Ti—F配位体的形成而能抑制金红石相的生成，同时F离子掺杂能增加TiO2表面缺陷浓度并降低Ti2P键的结合能，另外，由于F离子能取代Ti—OH配位体而降低了表面羟基氧浓度．光催化研究结果表明，F离子掺杂提高了TiO2光催化活性近1．5倍．     

环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料性能的研究

用一种新型的热稳定性较好的改性剂2，2’-二[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-丙烷(BAPP)改性钠基蒙脱土，再与环氧树脂进行纳米复合制备了环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料。讨论了蒙脱土用量对环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料性能的影响，并对其结构和性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明：改性使蒙脱土层间距变大，制备出的环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料剥离结构较好，环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度和动态储能模量随改性蒙脱土用量的增加呈现较好的递增趋势。     

纳米SiO2粉体的制备与研究

纳米SiO2粉体的制备是以硅酸钠和盐酸为原料，添加适宜的稳定剂(非离子表面活性剂)和分散剂，在适宜的pH值和温度下，采用化学沉淀法合成。研究表明，要得到性能优良纳米的SiO2粉体，最佳工艺条件为：温度20～40℃，pH=6，反应液质量浓度P1=20g／L，P2=1．20g／L，反应时间15min。结果表明：制备的纳米SiO2粒径30～50nm，比表面积大，分散性好，质量优良，可达到产业化的生产。     

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid onto activated carbon

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of the 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon (GAC, F-400) were studied. Adsorption equilibrium capacities of the MCPA increased with decreasing pH and temperature of the solution. Adsorption equilibrium of the MCPA could be represented by the Sips equation. The internal diffusion coefficients were determined by comparing the experimental concentration decay curves with those predicted from surface diffusion model and pore diffusion model. The adsorption model based on the linear driving force approximation (LDFA) was used for simulating the adsorption behavior of the MCPA in a fixed bed. Over ninety five percent desorption of the MCPA could be obtained using distilled water.     

浅谈P3软件在电力基建工程中的应用

P3软件是一套体现了现代化项目管理理念的项目管理工具，在建设管理上推广应用P3工程管理软件，可以提高各参建单位的工作效率、加快工程信息交流、数据共享和工程进度管理水平，在管理上尽快与国际接轨，本文就P3软件在电力基建工程中的应用做以简单介绍。