Modeling of microstrip antennas using neural networks techniques: A review

Artificial neural networks modeling have recently acquired enormous importance in microwave community especially in analyzing and synthesizing of microstrip antennas (MSAs) due to their generalization and adaptability features. A trained neural model estimates response very fast, which is nearly equal to its measured and/or simulated counterpart. Thus, it completely bypasses the repetitive use of conventional models as these models need rediscretization for every minor changes in the geometry, which itself is a time‐consuming exercise. The purpose of this article is to review this emerging area comprehensively for both analyzing and synthesizing of the MSAs. During reviewing process, some untouched cases are also observed, which are essentially required to be resolved for antenna designers. Unique and efficient neural networks‐based solutions are suggested for these cases. The proposed neural approaches are validated by fabricating and characterizing of the prototypes too. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:747–757, 2015.     

Face recognition using adaptively weighted patch PZM array from a single exemplar image per person

Though numerous approaches have been proposed for face recognition, little attention is given to the moment-based face recognition techniques. In this paper we propose a novel face recognition approach based on adaptively weighted patch pseudo Zernike moment array (AWPPZMA) when only one exemplar image per person is available. In this approach, a face image is represented as an array of patch pseudo Zernike moments (PPZM) extracted from a partitioned face image containing moment information of local areas instead of global information of a face. An adaptively weighting scheme is used to assign proper weights to each PPZM to adjust the contribution of each local area of a face in terms of the quantity of identity information that a patch contains and the likelihood of a patch is occluded. An extensive experimental investigation is conducted using AR and Yale face databases covering face recognition under controlled/ideal conditions, different illumination conditions, different facial expressions and partial occlusion. The system performance is compared with the performance of four benchmark approaches. The encouraging experimental results demonstrate that moments can be used for face recognition and patch-based moment array provides a novel way for face representation and recognition in single model databases.     

Texture synthesis via the matching compatibility between patches

A new patch-based texture synthesis method is presented in this paper. By the method, a set of patches that can be matched with a sampled patch for growing textures effectively, called the matching compatibility between patches, is generated first for each patch, and the set is further optimized by culling the patches that may cause synthesis conflicts. In this way, similarity measurement calculation for selecting suitable patches in texture synthesis can be greatly saved, and synthesis conflicts between neighbouring patches are substantially reduced. Furthermore, retrace computation is integrated in the synthesis process to improve the texture quality. As a result, the new method can produce high quality textures as texture optimization, the best method to date for producing good textures, and run in a time complexity linear to the size of the output texture. Experimental results show that the new method can interactively generate a large texture in 1024 × 1024 pixels, which is very difficult to achieve by existing methods. Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2009CB320802), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60773026, 60833007), the National High-Tech Research & Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006AA01Z306, 2008AA01Z301), and the Research Grant of University of Macau     

Cubic polynomial patches through geodesics

We consider patches that contain any given 3D polynomial curve as a pregeodesic (i.e. geodesic up to reparametrization). A curve is a pregeodesic if and only if its rectifying plane coincides with the tangent plane to the surface, we use this fact to construct ruled cubic patches through pregeodesics and bicubic patches through pairs of pregeodesics. We also discuss the G¹ connection of (1,k) patches with abutting pregeodesics.     

开槽式六边形多频带高增益微带天线仿真

随着无线通信技术的发展,小型化、多频带微带贴片天线在无线通信中得到了广泛应用。文章设计了一种六边形多频带微带天线,采用同轴线馈电,在六边形贴片的每个顶点内侧进行120°的开槽。通过调整贴片开槽的几何形状和尺寸,能够有效地获得三种不同的谐振模式,可应用于L波段和C波段。用仿真软件CST对该种天线进行仿真及分析,其结果表明,在工作频段均满足增益G≥6 dbi,回波损耗S₁₁<-10 dB。该天线具有结构简单、体积小、增益良好的特点,适用于通信中WiFi频段。     

Ku波段宽带高增益基片集成腔圆极化阵列天线北大核心CSCD

提出了一款应用于Ku波段的宽带高增益基片集成腔(Substrate Integrated Cavity,SIC)圆极化阵列天线。通过引入沿SIC口径面对角线放置的一对半月形寄生贴片和SIC底部馈电纵缝,使SIC中的TM_(211)和TM_(121)谐振模式幅值相等、相位相差90°,产生高增益圆极化辐射。同时,双寄生贴片还引入了一种背腔缝隙耦合振子圆极化辐射模式,扩宽了天线高增益圆极化辐射带宽。在此基础上,设计了一款2×2单元顺序旋转馈电的SIC圆极化阵列天线。阵列天线采用双层基片集成波导顺序相移馈电网络进行馈电,进一步增大了天线的圆极化带宽。综合考虑天线的-10 dB反射系数带宽、3 dB轴比带宽和3 dB增益带宽,测试结果表明,圆极化阵列天线的有效带宽为10.74-13.30 GHz(21.3%),在通带范围内最大增益为14.50 dBi。     

单向拉伸条件下补片参数对复合材料胶接修复结构的影响

建立含中心半穿透圆孔的损伤金属板修补结构的三维有限元模型,以应力集中系数(Stress Concentration Factor,SCF)和挠度w作为复合材料胶接修复效果的指标,分析单向拉伸条件下,正方形补片的长度、厚度和铺层方式对修复效果的影响。结果表明:补片长度取孔直径的3.5倍、厚度取孔深度的0.6~0.8倍、铺层方式取0°/90°铺层时,复合材料单面修复含损伤裂纹板的效果较好。根据分析结果制备了实验件,进行了单向静拉伸实验,修补实验件的破坏强度比未修补实验件提高了10.1%。     

基于TRIZ解决航空航天用吸波贴片成本高的问题

目的 解决隐身飞机在飞行过程中因吸波贴片自身过重产生巨大的飞行成本,吸波贴片在飞行条件下易产生划痕、损伤、材料损耗快,以及因修复工序复杂、耗时长产生大量维护费用等问题。方法 应用TRIZ理论进行分析求解,通过采用功能模型分析、因果分析等找到航空航天用吸波贴片成本高的关键缺陷,利用技术矛盾分析、物理矛盾分析、物场模型及标准解、小人法等工具得到多个解决方案。经过综合评估最终找到经济、易于实现的解决方案。结果 通过运用TRIZ理论,并且通过综合评价找到了减少吸波贴片成本的最优方案：吸波贴片中的吸波体由掺杂杂原子的石墨烯构成了多孔结构,增加了其吸波性能;再将材料与自愈合材料相结合,增加其自愈能力,从而得到吸波性能好、质量小、自愈合能力强的吸波贴片。结论 文中得出的结果对减少隐身战机吸波贴片成本的研究具有一定的理论指导意义,有助于减少高集成设备过多对人类及环境产生的危害。     

Efficient analysis of wireless communication antennas using an accurate [Z] matrix interpolation technique

An accurate impedance matrix interpolation technique based on the surface integral equation (SIE) is presented for the analysis of wireless communication antennas over wide frequency bands. The first‐order derivative of the impedance matrix at the internal frequency is considered in the cubic polynomial‐based interpolation scheme, thus the novel impedance matrix interpolation scheme will provide high accuracy and high efficiency over a frequency band. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, numerical results for planar inverted F antennas (PIFA) and a wideband E‐shaped patch antenna are presented. Good agreement among the interpolation results, exact MoM solutions, finite element method (FEM) solutions, and measured data is observed over the bandwidth. Besides, dimensions of the feeding probe are also studied to investigate their effect on the input impedance and radiation patterns. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.     

Cross‐polarization reduction of microstrip antenna using microwave absorbers

In this article, a metamaterial inspired microwave absorber is used to reduce the cross‐polarization (XP) level of the radiated wave in microstrip antenna (MSA). A microwave absorber unit‐cell has been analyzed and implemented to reduce the cross polarization (XP) level in a single element and a 2 × 2 microstrip patch array antennas. The antennas have been designed on a FR‐4 substrate of thickness 0.8 mm at 10.1 GHz center frequency. The 2 × 2 patch array antenna with and without the absorbers have been experimentally verified for the S11 parameter, the radiation pattern, and the XP suppression in H‐plane and a good comparison has been found.