Auslegung von Blasensäulen mithilfe von Compartmentmodellen

In bubble columns, the phenomena of mass and heat transfer as well as the reaction are closely linked to the complex fluid dynamics. Compartment modeling offers the opportunity to integrate these phenomena while enabling an axial and radial distribution with acceptable computing effort. This article includes methods for generating the compartment geometry and fluid dynamic parameters of this modeling approach, facilitating the opportunity to optimize an industrial bubble column.     

血糖预测生理模型及化工建模策略

糖尿病是一种高发病率、多并发症的内分泌代谢性疾病,目前尚不存在治愈方法,患者不仅经济负担加重,生活质量下降,病情严重者还长期面临生命威胁。近些年来,糖尿病问题日趋严重,逐渐成为社会和相关领域关注的热点之一。本文从人体血糖调节系统出发,简述了两种糖尿病的病因,并从化学工程的角度将人体类比为血糖代谢的控制系统,以此分析了糖尿病患者血糖控制的主要方式,指出了其中血糖预测的关键性作用。然后详细介绍了血糖预测生理模型的两个主要部分,即葡萄糖-胰岛素代谢模型和葡萄糖吸收模型。突出了化学工程建模策略对吸收模型构建的重要作用,并分析了该方法的优势与现有模型的不足,根据近年来的体内外研究提出了进一步的优化方案。最后,对血糖预测的未来工作进行了展望,建议深化机理研究,将血糖预测模型与化工建模策略相结合,整体理解饮食对血糖调控的作用,完善长期预测模型和个性化模型。     

Hydrogen production via steam gasification of heavy oil: Effects of operating conditions

A heavy oil gasification model that can predict the hydrogen yield has been developed for a high pressure circulating fluidized bed. The model is based on the Aspen Plus package, which is a professional software for simulation of thermal process. To illustrate the effects of the steam/fuel ratio and temperature, several conditions have been examined. The results show that the gasification temperature plays a major role in the process. As gasification temperature increases from 600 to 800°C, the production of hydrogen increases dramatically. The influence of steam/fuel ratio (0.50–0.80) is also considerable, but shows a constant rate at the higher steam/fuel. Simulation results were validated against experimental data available in the literature.     

裂缝发育带地震识别预测技术研究进展

裂缝性储层在全球有广泛的分布，裂缝油气藏勘探在油气勘探中占有重要位置。但是裂缝的成因复杂，其发育程度受多种因素控制。地震资料中虽包含有裂缝信息，但是因裂缝因素引起的地震响应要远远小于其他地质因素引起的响应，因此利用地震资料识别裂缝存在困难。虽然如此，由于地震资料在横向连续性上的优势，人们还是认为地震方法在裂缝描述和预测中具有不可替代的作用。本文简要分析了利用地震资料进行裂缝研究的难点和对策，并总结了全球利用地震资料进行裂缝研究的主要技术和方法，为我国进一步开展这项研究工作提供借鉴。     

川中地区须二段气藏地震预测陷阱分析及对策——以龙女寺区块为例

四川盆地川中地区上三叠统须家河组二段天然气资源丰富,勘探开发潜力巨大,但近年来既无重大勘探发现又无很好的开发经济效益,究其原因是对须二气藏富集区的分布认识不清。通过研究总结了须二气藏富集区地震预测中存在3类致命预测陷阱：①没有充分认识须二段有效储层纵向分布位置及其对应的地震反射特征;②须二上段泥岩夹层发育,泥岩夹层和有效储层反射特征相似;③气层与水层、干层地震反射特征差异小;形成了模型正演识别纵向上不同位置储层反射特征、地震分频反演识别泥岩、叠前AVO技术区分气层、水层、干层等针对性技术对策,在川中地区龙女寺区块须二段气藏预测中进行了应用,新完钻井预测符合率达到90%以上。这些技术提高了须二上段气藏预测精度,有效地支撑了须二段气藏勘探开发工作。     

基于MATLAB的地震正演模型实现

人工合成地震正演模型是进行三维模型计算的基础。针对地震勘探的原理,本文运用MATLAB强大数学计算和图像可视化功能,对一个三层介质模型制作了人工合成地震记录。文章首先说明了地震记录形成的物理机制,然后介绍了地质模型的构造及参数选择,最后针对该具体地质模型制作了合成地震记录。     

Enhancement of Upconverted Fluorescence by Interference Layers

Upconverting nanoparticles show potential applications in the field of photovoltaics and array‐based detection devices. While fluorescence enhancement using interference of incident radiation is well known in Stokes‐shift type systems such as fluorescent dyes; the effect of such interference geometry in nonlinear Anti‐Stokes type emission, such as in upconversion rare earth photophysics is demonstrated for the first time. This work describes in detail the influence of the interference modulation on both the excitation (interion energy transfer) and radiative decay with nonradiative decay processes active between emissive levels. These effects are illustrated in the thickness dependence of the decay rate and rise time. Single particle upconverted spectra and time‐resolved measurements show concurrent optimization of the infrared absorption and emission at 540 and 650 nm, with an average enhanced emission of 20 times at λ = 540 and 45 times at λ = 650 nm, dependent on the interference layer thickness and on the excitation intensity. The experimental results are correlated with finite element modeling. Both experiments and calculations show emission enhancement at an interference layer thickness of about 740 ± 20 nm, where such tolerance and the planar design, leads to ease in implementation in applications.