The Relevance of Laboratory Studies to Practical Situations

By their very nature laboratory experiments are at best only rough and approximate models of any real-life situation. First of all the possible independent variables that influence behaviour in any practical situation, a laboratory experiment selects only a. few for test. As a result, hidden or unsuspected interactions in real-life may easily nullify, or even reverse, conclusions arrived at in the laboratory. Second, variables always change when they are brought into the laboratory. Third, the effect of controlling extraneous or irrelevant variables in the laboratory is to increase the precision of an experiment but at the risk of discovering effects so small that they are of no practical importance. Fourth, the dependent variables (or criteria) used in laboratory experiments are variables of convenience. Rarely are they selected for their relevance to some practical situation. Last, the methods used to present variables in the laboratory are sometimes artificial and unrealistic. The safest and most honest conclusion to draw from all these considerations is that one should generalize with extreme caution from the results of laboratory experiments to the solution of practical problems.     

100吨电炉自动控制系统设计及改进

本文介绍了安钢100吨电炉两级自动控制系统的设计方案，详细阐述了一级、二级自动控制系统的配置和功能，对于系统运行中出现的问题，提出了改进方案。     

电子产品先进设计技术与先进制造技术初探

文章针对当代IT产业中先进技术、先进材料、先进器件飞速发展给予电子产品设计技术和生产技术的挑战，基于高度保障产品质量的要求，基于充分发挥现代高技术的优势的出发点，就原理性样机开发、生产性样机转换和产品生产三大阶段中融合先进的技术、采用合理的步骤以及运用先进的管理理念等现代化手段作了一些试探性的阐述。     

实验室网间网的设计与实现

介绍了广域网环境在实验室设计和实现的一个实例.     

PWR燃料元件包壳新型锆合金的堆外性能(英文)

发展了两种新型锆合金(N18,N36)作为PWR燃料元件包壳材料。研究了N18,N36两种锆合金的堆外性能。研究表明,具有均匀弥散分布的细小β-Nb或Zr(Fe,Cr)2第二相粒子的新合金表现出最好的抗腐蚀性能,N18和N36合金都有优良的耐腐蚀性能。合金的吸氢行为与其腐蚀行为成对应关系,而两种新型锆合金的吸氢比Zr-4合金的低。两种新锆合金的拉伸强度、爆破和蠕变性能也优于Zr-4合金。此外,两种新锆合金的热物理性能、织构和应力腐蚀行为相当或优于Zr-4合金。     

Learning from designing the RoboFesta—Blue Peter robots

Can children and adults learn anything from building robots? In 2001 we ran a robot design competition with the BBC TelevisionBlue Peter, program. Some 32 000 children, aged between 5 and 16 years, submitted paper designs. We built prototypes of the four winners' robots for a Robot Design MasterClass at the London Science Museum. It is widely believed that across the curriculum, robotics is a powerful force in motivating education. We ask what the children learned from the robot design process. Our answer is that they learned many things, both inside and outside the science and technology curriculum.     

狄利克雷积分的几种计算方法

利用含参量非正常积分的一些性质,给出了狄利克雷积分integral from n=0 to +∞(sinx)的几种计算方法。     

居住区环境设计新思维初探──跨世纪住宅设计竞赛的思考与研究

本文结合’96上海国际住宅设计竞赛方案，就居住区环境设计的理论与方法进行了探讨。     

Sindi: an intelligent assistant for highway design

We present a system to support highway engineers in the tasks of preliminary highway design. The system is based on the ideas of heuristic search and explicit preference setting. The system has been implemented and installed in a Spanish engineering firm.     

双余度稀土永磁直流电机可靠性研究

针对传统电机双余度设计中存在的问题，提出对永磁直流电机零件采用余度设计提高可靠性方法。建立不同结构的可靠性模型，采用相似产品法预计可靠性，对比得出最佳结论。