凝汽器铜管FeSO4成膜表面预处理方法试验研究

凝汽器铜管硫酸亚铁成膜前铜管表面的预处理是保证成膜质量的重要前提,但也是最容易被忽视的地方。作者选择各种不同材质及不同表面状况的铜管作为研究对象,并采用多种没方法进行表面预处理,然后在同一条件下成膜,并用民位扫描法进行检验。结果表明旧铜管必须首先酸洗除去表面污垢,再通过碱洗和水冲洗使表面产生一层ＣｕＯ２膜才能成膜;而新铜管可不经过酸洗,只要除去油污就可直接成膜。     

Kellogg型一段转化炉管理22年

回顾一段转化炉管理２２年来,重点围绕延长转化管寿命所进行的主要工作的经验与体会。精心维护是延长炉管使用寿命的基础,抓好大修是保证炉管正常服役的重要环节,炉管判废研究是决定适时更换的依据。炉管超声波检测系统的引进与研究开发,对保障Ｋｅｌｌｏｇｇ型炉的安全运行起了极其重要的作用。创造了一炉Ｋｅｌｌｏｇｇ型竖琴管排稳产高产低消耗运行１６１０１７ｈ、生产合成氨６５３５５７７的纪录。     

浅淡固定式管板设计

本文提出在管板设计计算中有两个系数不被重视,然后具体介绍了这两个系数的含义,着重分析了控制系数大小的原因。     

环境条件的改变对管簇结构腔体式吸收器热损的影响

分析了槽形抛物聚光集热器中管簇结构腔体式吸收器的热物理特性，依据其热阻网络、太阳能一般性控制方程对热损和所受边界条件的影响作了数值分析。     

Determination of heat transfer formulas for gas flow in fin-and-tube heat exchanger with oval tubes using CFD simulations

Plate fin-and-tube heat exchangers operate in a cross-flow arrangement with the complex path of gas flow, hence in order to determine the velocity field and heat transfer characteristics, the numerical methods must be used. The CFD codes allow obtaining local values of the heat transfer coefficient, however it is impossible to incorporate these values into the analytical formulas for the overall heat transfer coefficient, that is fundamental for the designing procedure of the cross-flow heat exchangers. Therefore this paper presents a method for determination of the average heat transfer coefficient for gas flow in a plate fin-and-tube heat exchanger using the CFD simulations. The values of the heat transfer coefficient obtained using the heat transfer formulas for the Nusselt number, determined with the CFD simulations, can be directly implemented in the thermal designing procedure of the cross-flow heat exchangers. The results of the numerical computations are validated experimentally.     

Computation of unique optimal ambients and optimal contrast sets of colours for cathode ray tubes

An algorithmic scheme named COLSET was recently developed which aims at computing ergonomically optimal colours and ambients for colour CRT work. However, the procedure does not necessarily produce the globally best solution. If only locally optimal estimates were to be obtained, then repeated application of COLSET might result in different guidelines for both colours and ambients. A simulation study, involving several replicated estimations, is reported here to assess this stability or uniqueness issue. The results indicate that with three to five replications there is reasonable certainty that globally best estimates will be found.     

彩色显示器用偏转磁芯材料的性能

概述了彩色显示管对偏转磁芯的技术要求，Ｒ５００Ｒ材料及磁芯的研制开发简况。详细列出了材料的功率损耗数据等多项技术特性。     

基于Labview的火电厂锅炉四管泄漏声测系统

介绍了一种基于虚拟仪器的火电厂锅炉四管泄漏数字化声学检测系统。它利用National Instrument公司的软件平台Labview和硬件平台实现声信号的实时采集、分析和处理，达到快速准确判断四管泄漏与否的目的。该系统在现场应用中取得了良好的效果。     

Silicon surface treatment via CVD of inner steel tube surfaces

Inner surfaces of steel tubes should be protected against corrosion and oxidation by a coating in order to assure optimised application in power plants and the chemical industry. Since the silicon content in chromium alloyed steels improves the oxidation protection. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of Si has been investigated for martensitic 9% chromium steel (T91). The surface treatment was performed as a combined process of CVD at atmospheric pressure with heat treatment in a chemical atmosphere with high frequency heating (HF), automated with a Simatic PCS7. The Si out of SiCI₄ diffused into the steel lattice of the substrate surface. As a result, the Si‐content near the surface layer increased as a ferrite layer which did not transform to martensite during heat treatment. The excess of Si was converted to Si₃N₄ using NH₃. This improves the anti‐oxidation behaviour. The physical and chemical properties of the modified surfaces were investigated and characterised using the SEM, EDX, electron microprobe and X‐ray diffraction methods. The deformation capacity of a coated specimen was proven by means of hot tensile tests. It could be determined that in the ferritic layer Fe is substituted by Si with a maximum concentration of approx. 5%, however the Cr content was almost constant.     

等离子喷涂工艺对锅炉管束用Fe 基非晶涂层组织结构和耐蚀性能的影响

目的研究等离子喷涂功率和喷涂时间对锅炉管束用Fe基非晶涂层的相组成、微观组织结构及涂层耐蚀性能的影响。方法通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和三电极电化学研究进行分析。结果涂层主要由非晶相组成,表面较为平整致密;随着喷涂功率和喷涂时间的增加,涂层非晶相含量降低,孔隙率降低,致密性升高。非晶涂层在0.5mol/L H2SO4溶液和在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中均表现出良好的钝化作用,在0.5mol/L H2SO4溶液中钝化区较宽,在3.5%NaCl溶液中自腐蚀电流密度较低。随喷涂功率和时间的增加,阳极极化曲线钝化区加宽,电流密度降低。结论喷涂功率升高会导致涂层孔隙率下降,喷涂时间增加则致使涂层厚度增加,腐蚀介质渗透到基体的表面路径和阻力增加,从而可以进一步改善Fe基非晶涂层的耐蚀性能。