含孔隙富铝聚四氟乙烯/铝含能材料冲击温升规律

为研究孔隙度对富铝含量聚四氟乙烯/铝(PTFE/Al)含能材料冲击温升效应的影响,采用考虑熔化效应的一维粘塑性孔洞塌缩模型,对该材料的冲击温升进行了理论分析.建立孔隙度分别为10％、20％、30％的富铝PTFE/Al细观离散化模型,并借助非线性动力有限元软件AUTO-DYN开展细观数值模拟,对冲击加载下含孔隙富铝PTF...     

REGIONAL 3D MODELLING OF THE PERMO‐CARBONIFEROUS AL KHLATA FORMATION IN THE RIMA AREA,EASTERN FLANK OF THE SOUTH OMAN SALT BASIN

The glaciogenic Al Khlata Formation (Late Carboniferous – Early Permian) contains important reservoir and seal intervals in oil fields in southern Oman. Here we describe a 3D regional geological model of the Al Khlata Formation and the underlying Misfar Group in a 1750 km² area in the Eastern Flank of the South Oman Salt Basin. The Misfar Group (Devonian‐Carboniferous?) was included in the model because it also contains glaciogenic facies in the study area. The 3D model is based on wireline logs from 42 wells, palynological zonation in 31 wells, cores from three wells, and a 2011 3D seismic dataset from which three horizons (top‐Huqf, top‐Rahab Shale and top‐Gharif) were interpreted throughout the study area. The combined Al Khlata and Misfar interval varies in thickness in the area from 20 to 730 m over relatively short distances. These large variations in thickness were due to the creation of accommodation in mini‐basins resulting from the removal of underlying Infracambrian salt at the basin margin. In places, some of the available accommodation was occupied by Cambrian sandstones of the Nimr Group and Haima Supergroup, influencing the location and thickness of the Al Khlata mini‐basins. These local depocentres vary in scale, shape and orientation relative to the present‐day salt edge: some are ovoid in plan‐view, others more linear and parallel to the salt edge, and one takes the form of a narrow graben almost perpendicular to the salt edge. By the Early Permian, towards the end of Al Khlata time, deposits become more blanket‐like and uniform, indicating an external or more regional control on base level. Four key lithofacies have been distinguished from wireline logs and were populated zone‐by‐zone through the geological model: sandstone (reservoir), shale (seal), and sandy and silty diamictite. Sandstones are most common towards the base of the Misfar – Al Khlata interval and shales towards the top. The Rahab Shale (Early Permian) at the top of the Al Khlata Formation forms an important seal for oil fields in South Oman, often in combination with seals in overlying intervals. The Rahab Shale was the first widespread seal to be deposited which may have trapped oil migrating from the South Oman Salt Basin during the Palaeozoic. The most common lithofacies in the Misfar – Al Khlata interval in the modelled area is diamictite (60%), which is normally considered to be a waste‐rock lithology. However thick silty diamictites of sufficient extent can seal hydrocarbon accumulations, and some sandy diamictites have the potential to be unconventional reservoir rocks. Even after 50 years of exploration and production of oil from the Al Khlata Formation, there remains potential for further discoveries and overlooked pay zones due to its heterogeneous character and the occurrence of intra‐formational seals.     

金属材料对连续波红外激光的热耦合系数

我们采用自行设计研制的积分球,测量了几种不同表面状况的LY12铝合金靶对CWCO2激光(功率40W左右)的热耦合系数.与理想条件下的经典理论值相比,热耦合系数的测量值偏大,文中对此进行了分析.结果表明,材料的表面缺陷将增强对入射激光的热耦合.     

氟聚物基活性材料释能及毁伤特性研究进展

氟聚物基活性材料是一种具有冲击反应释能特性的新型材料,在军事领域具有广泛的应用前景。为掌握氟聚物基活性材料的释能与毁伤特性,推进其在高效毁伤战斗部中的应用,研究梳理了氟聚物基活性材料冲击释能反应行为以及引燃引爆、侵爆耦合毁伤效应的研究现状,着重介绍了分离式霍普金森压杆实验、准密闭弹道实验和爆炸加载实验等在释能特性方面的研究进展;毁伤特性方面整理了反应弹丸、破片及反应射流的相关研究进展,重点说明了氟聚物基活性材料在聚能装药中的应用设计和反应射流成型的研究成果,及相关的反应模型和数值仿真的研究。在此基础上,讨论了未来研究方向：建立系统性反应模型与仿真方法;通过配方、工艺等参数对其性能进行调控;释能反应观测表征技术的创新与探索以及工程应用设计等。     

激光合成Al_2O_3-WO_3陶瓷材料的显微分析

用Ｘ射线衍射等技术分析了激光合成Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＷＯ３陶瓷材料，结果表明在激光合成样品中形成柱状晶，而常规工艺和Ｎ２气氛中烧结样品不含有柱状晶，柱状晶的成分主要是Ａｌ２Ｏ３。进一步的分析表明Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＷＯ３陶瓷合成样品的导电相是ＡｌｘＷＯ３。     

Effect of polymorphic phase transformations in Al2O3 film on oxidation kinetics of aluminum powders

Thermogravimetry was used to study the oxidation of aluminum powders at elevated temperatures. Aluminum powders of various particle sizes and surface morphologies were heated in oxygen up to 1500 °C at different heating rates. Partially oxidized samples were recovered from selected intermediate temperatures and the oxide phases present were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The experimental data were related to current information on stabilities and phase changes of Al₂O₃ polymorphs. Aluminum powders were observed to oxidize in four distinct stages in the temperature range from 300 to 1500 °C. During stage I, from 300 to about 550 °C, the thickness of the natural amorphous alumina layer on the particle surface increases. The rate of this process is controlled by the outward diffusion of Al cations. At about 550 °C, when the oxide layer thickness exceeds the critical thickness of amorphous alumina of about 4 nm, the oxide transforms into γ-Al₂O₃. The specific volume of γ-Al₂O₃ is less than that of amorphous alumina; therefore, the newly formed γ-Al₂O₃ only partially covers the aluminum surface. The oxidation rate increases rapidly at the onset of stage II, but it decreases when the γ-Al₂O₃ layer becomes continuous. During stage III oxidation, the γ-Al₂O₃ layer grows and partially transforms into the structurally similar θ-Al₂O₃ polymorph. Finally, oxidation stage IV is observed after the transition to stable -Al₂O₃ results in an abrupt reduction of oxidation rate. Qualitative analysis of the rates of oxidation at the different stages enables one to understand the wide range of aluminum ignition temperatures observed for particles of different sizes.     

缓蚀剂在高压阳极箔电解扩孔中的作用机理

将高压阳极发孔铝箔在70℃、质量分数为3%的硝酸液中阳极电解扩孔,研究了添加大分子缓蚀剂聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSSA)后高压阳极箔的腐蚀机理。结果显示:添加PSSA后,腐蚀箔减薄量明显降低,质量损失率减小,并孔率降低,520 V化成的比容提高了约23%。隧道孔由孔口大、孔内小的锥子状转变为孔口小、孔内大的垒球棒状。铝箔表面的电位显著上升,而隧道孔内的电位基本保持不变,从而证明了,大分子缓蚀剂PSSA提高了铝箔表面和隧道孔口附近的电化学反应的阻力,电流主要分布到孔内,加速了孔内的扩孔过程。     

对电子产品Al盒体一种腐蚀现象的分析与措施

对2A12型Al盒体材料湿热试验后出现的一种腐蚀现象进行了观察和分析.采用X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)的方法,对发生腐蚀的材料进行了成分分析,并进行了多种不同型号Al材料的比较试验.通过实验和分析,基本确认了腐蚀的产生是由电化学反应引起的,并指出了此腐蚀现象是由三防漆脱落造成Al表面和湿热环境直接接触引起的.增加Al盒体材料上的三防漆喷涂次数和增加涂层厚度的试验表明,加厚涂层能够使盒体承受更加严酷的湿热条件,是解决该腐蚀现象的途径之一.同时提出了防止三防漆划伤的改进措施,并对今后盒体材料的选取提出了建议.     

355nm紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷工艺的研究

紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷可以有效地降低加工中的热影响区、防止微裂纹的产生。为了得到不同激光工艺参量（激光能量密度、扫描速率、扫描间隔）对Al2O3陶瓷抛光表面粗糙度的影响规律,采用单因素实验方法进行了355nm紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷的工艺实验,获得了最优的工艺参量范围。结果表明,当激光能量密度为6J/cm2、扫描间隔为2μm、扫描速率为60mm/s时,抛光后分别获得了较小的表面粗糙度值。这一结果对获得的低粗糙度、高质量的Al2O3陶瓷抛光表面具有指导意义。     

新型Al/Mo底电极的顶发射有机发光二极管性能研究

提出了一种新型底电极结构,使用铝钼双层薄膜作为顶发射有机发光二极管的底电极。同时分别从底电极结构、顶电极结构、空穴注入以及出射光谱等方面对器件性能进行分析和优化,最终得到的器件电流效率达到6Cd/A以上,比优化前的器件效率提高了5倍以上,加强了对TEOLED器件的性能影响因素的理解。同时也比Mo作为底电极时的器件性能实现了提高,展示了此电极结构在顶发射OLED中的应用潜力,为下一步在硅基OLED显示器件中的应用打下基础。