Assessment of hydrogen embrittlement on advanced high strength steels revealed by in-situ electrochemical micro-cantilever bending test

In the current study, the hydrogen-induced embrittlement on advanced high strength steels (AHSSs) is evaluated by in-situ electrochemical microcantilever bending (IECB) tests. Microcantilevers of 1200 M and 1400 M steels were bent while hydrogen charged inside a miniaturized electrochemical cell and then compared to bent-cantilevers in the air. The results of bending experiments and post-mortem evaluation of the bent-cantilevers showed that the plastic deformation occurred for the bent-cantilevers in the air. At the same time, the reduction of yield stress and the formation of hydrogen-enhanced cracking happened for the hydrogen-charged cantilevers. The results indicated that the microcracks are initiated and propagated adjacent to the clamped boundaries of the cantilevers, where the stress intensity is topmost. This finding is demonstrated by created step-wise cracks in 1400 M representative bent cantilever. The results show that the hydrogen-enhanced dislocation nucleation and hydrogen-reduced dislocation mobility are responsible for plastic deformation and hydrogen-enhanced cracking behavior.     

深井重泥浆弱凝胶工艺技术初探

重泥浆强凝胶体系对钴井会产生不利影响。笔者结合川东地区的实际情况,分析了重泥浆强凝胶形成的原因和重泥浆弱凝胶的形成机制,提出了形成重泥浆弱凝胶体系的核心和设计原则,总结出了一套以正确使用泥浆添加剂并配合强有力的固控措施为主的成套深井重泥浆弱凝胶工艺技术,介绍了这套技术在川东地区的应用情况。实践证明,少用甚至不用泥浆降粘剂就可获得并维持尽可能低的静切力,使τ_s,10s为0.5—6Pα、τ_s,10min为2—12.5Pα。     

Plastic limit analysis of cylindrically orthotropic circular plates

The plastic limit analysis of cylindrically orthotropic circular plates is developed using a piecewise linear orthotropic yield criterion. The yield criterion is a modification of an isotropic formulation that consists of a series of weighted piecewise linear components. The piecewise linear yield criterion enables an analytical solution for the plastic limit load of cylindrically orthotropic circular plates. Plastic limit analysis for both simply supported and clamped circular plates under uniformly distributed load are carried out. Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the sensitivity of the plastic limit loads to material orthotropy and influences of orthotropic ratio and chosen yield criteria on the plastic limit loads of the circular plates are discussed. It is found that the plastic limit loads of the orthotropic circular plates are affected significantly by the orthotropic ratio. Enhancement of the circumferential yield moment will increase dramatically the plastic limit load of the plates. Moment and velocity fields of the plates in plastic limit state are also derived and discussed. The results obtained from the present study are helpful in understanding the failure mechanism of orthotropic circular plates and is useful for design.     

Rheological approach in proportioning and evaluating prestressed self-consolidating concrete

The successful development of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) requires a careful control of rheological properties of matrix. In this investigation, a parametric study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of binder type, w/cm (water-to-cementitious materials ratio), and coarse aggregate type and nominal size on rheology of prestressed SCC. The rheological measurement of the 33 SCC mixtures investigated in parametric study was performed using a modified Tattersall two-point workability rheometer. The yield stress and plastic viscosity values derived from the SCC mixtures were correlated to the various workability test results to identify combinations of rheological parameters necessary to secure adequate filling ability, filling capacity, and stability of SCC for successful casting of prestressed elements. Based on the results, it is recommended that SCC should have a plastic viscosity of 30–70 Pa s and 30–130 Pa s for concrete made with crushed aggregate and gravel, respectively, to ensure proper workability. Higher viscosity levels could lead to limitation in passing ability should be avoided. Better understanding of the rheological parameters that control the workability of SCC is important in developing mix design approaches and interpreting quality control test methods.     

恒流变合成基钻井液关键机理研究

以FLAT-PRO恒流变体系核心处理剂流型调节剂酰胺化二聚酸衍生物和有机蒙脱土为研究对象,通过宏观、微观和流变分析相结合,深入研究了恒流变合成基钻井液的恒流变性机理。控温流变实验和静置实验表明,低温下,油相体积压缩,有机土在油中的分散性变差,体系黏度切力大幅提高。随着温度升高,油相体积膨胀,有机土扩散性增强,体系黏度切力减小。加入流型调节剂后,钻井液的黏度切力随温度变化减缓,表现出了恒流变特性。显微镜观察,X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察结果表明,流型调节剂分子可以插入有机蒙脱土层间,扩大层间距并促进其片层在油中高度分散。最终在钻井液体系中由高度分散的有机土片层、流型调节剂分子和乳液滴共同构成了具备温度响应性的致密网络结构。流型调节剂分子链随温度升高而舒展,导致与2℃相比,体系黏度切力在65℃下增幅更大,从而使流变性在2～65℃范围内随温度变化更加平缓,形成恒流变性能。     

钻杆接头脱扣和胀扣原因分析

某井钻杆在使用中发生接头胀大和脱扣事故。采用化学成分分析、力学性能测定、宏观和微观组织检验、尺寸测量及钻杆的力学分析等方法对其进行了分析和讨论。结果表明,钻杆接头材质符合标准要求,钻杆接头在使用过程中胀大失效的原因主要是井下扭矩超过了钻杆接头的承载能力所致。     

基于组合模型的矿山设备产量预测研究

鉴于矿山设备产量具有灰色和不确定性的特征,本文利用矿山设备产量的历史数据,建立了基于灰色和BP神经网络的组合预测模型。组合预测模型中各单一模型的权系数通过熵值法确定,克服了传统权系数确定方法的主观性,使得组合预测方法更具客观性最后,实例验证了所构建的组合模型较传统的单一预测模型有良好的预测效果。     

A simplified potential energy clock model for glassy polymers

The potential energy clock (PEC) model for glassy polymers derived previously was shown to predict accurately a broad range of responses including temperature-dependent yield in different modes of deformation, enthalpy relaxation, volume recovery, and aging of the yield stress. It was, however, somewhat difficult to parameterize and employ computationally, and these points may affect its implementation and use. To facilitate acceptance, the model has been greatly simplified by keeping only necessary terms and employing some approximations. The resulting simplified potential energy clock (SPEC) model is quite easily computed and parameterized, yet faithfully reproduces the predictions of the full potential energy clock model implying that experimental responses are still accurately predicted. Such comparisons between the new model, old model, and data are presented as well as new predictions for creep. Again, the predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

三产品重介质旋流器在俄罗斯选煤厂的应用

简要介绍了俄罗斯三产品重介质放流器的发展，重点介绍了Г　Т У－９００／６３０型三产品重介质旋流器的结构、技术性能及试验情况。     

Material characteristics of an ER fluid and its influence on damping forces of an ER damper Part I: material characteristics

This paper presents experimental results on material properties of an electro-rheological (ER) fluid subjected to temperature variations, mechanical and electrical fatigues. As a first step, an arabic gum-based ER fluid is made by choosing 30% of particle weight-concentration. Using the couette type of the electroviscometer, the field-dependent yield shear stress and current density of the ER fluid are measured by changing the operating temperature from −5°C to 85°C. A reciprocating cylinder mechanism is then manufactured to test mechanical endurance of the ER fluid. Under the specific excitation stroke and frequency, the variation of the yield shear stress is investigated with respect to the operating cycle up to one million cycles. In addition, following the construction of test mechanism for electrical endurance of the ER fluid, the yield shear stress and surface roughness of the electrode are evaluated as a function of the number of the electric-field cycle.