20MnSiNb钢的显微组织及其对屈服行为的影响

采用金相组织观察和透射电子显微分析等手段,研究了20MnSiNb钢的显微组织对屈服行为的影响及添加微合金元素铌对其产生的作用。结果表明,贝氏体组织的形成将导致屈服平台的消失;钢中铌的沉淀析出具有沉淀强化和晶粒细化的作用。     

复合油藏压裂水平井复杂裂缝分布压力动态特征

压裂改造是提高油田产量、改善井筒附近储层物性的重要方法,但在实际多段压裂体积改造过程中,由于地层条件复杂,导致井筒附近形成了复杂的缝网体积,因此,加强对水平井体积压裂改造试井模型的研究十分必要。基于体积压裂水平井复杂裂缝分布的渗流特征,建立径向复合多段压裂水平井试井解释数学模型,耦合储层与裂缝模型解求得Laplace空间井底压力半解析解,应用Duhamel原理得到考虑井储和表皮影响的Laplace空间井底压力解,利用Stehfest数值反演求得实空间井底压力,并绘制实空间压力动态特征曲线。根据压力导数曲线特征划分流动阶段,通过模型验证证明了该方法的正确性,进而分析了裂缝不对称、裂缝夹角、裂缝分布方式、内区半径和流度比对特征曲线的影响。结果表明,裂缝不对称交错分布有助于增大裂缝控制面积,从而减少流体流入井筒的压力消耗,早期阶段对应的压力曲线也越低;内区半径越大,压裂改造效果越明显,对应压力曲线越靠下。该模型可为多段压裂水平井所形成的复杂裂缝试井资料解释和压裂方案设计提供理论依据。     

Wollaston棱镜分束角的光谱特性

提要:为了了解Wollaston棱镜分束角随入射光波长的变化规律,我们对其分束角的光谱特性从理论上进行了分析,并进行了实验测试,结果表明:入射光波长对Wollaston棱镜的分束角有一定的影响,其规律为:棱镜的结构角越大,入射光波长对分束角的影响越大:紫外光谱区的影响大于可见和红外光谱区。对于Wollaston棱镜分束角的对称性,其特点为:棱镜结构角越大,入射光波长越短,对称性越差。     

微角轧工艺消除钢板圆头的研究

钢板圆头会增加钢板的切损量,影响成材率.采用微角轧制法可以消除钢板圆头,减少切损,增加经济效益.     

On the relationship between lateralized brain function and orienting asymmetries: Correction to Teufel et al. (2010).

Reports an error in On the relationship between lateralized brain function and orienting asymmetries by Christoph Teufel, Asif A. Ghazanfar and Julia Fischer (Behavioral Neuroscience, 2010[Aug], Vol 124[4], 437-445). In the article, we wrote that “the likelihood of obtaining at least one significant result at p n. The probability of obtaining at least one significant result is therefore 1 — (1— α)n. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-16138-001.) Hemispheric specializations for language perception constitute one of the classic topic in cognitive neuroscience. Evidence has accumulated to suggest that lateralized acoustic processing is not restricted to humans but is also found in numerous animal species. One of the methods used to track such lateralization is the orienting-asymmetry paradigm, a simple, noninvasive means to study lateralization that has been applied to a range of different species ranging from harpy eagles to humans. Here we summarize and compare the results of studies employing the orienting-asymmetry paradigm, showing that these studies yield largely inconsistent results. We critically discuss the methodology's implicit assumptions and conclude that the empirical inconsistencies produced by the orienting-asymmetry paradigm, and the lack of sufficient evidence supporting the paradigm's underlying assumptions, warrant serious caution when interpreting results obtained by the method. Nontrivial interpretations of orienting-asymmetry results will require a much better understanding of how lateralized brain functions interact with overt behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Longitudinal stability of temperamental exuberance and social–emotional outcomes in early childhood.

The goals of the current study were to investigate the stability of temperamental exuberance across infancy and toddlerhood and to examine the associations between exuberance and social–emotional outcomes in early childhood. The sample consisted of 291 4-month-olds followed at 9, 24, and 36 months and again at 5 years of age. Behavioral measures of exuberance were collected at 9, 24, and 36 months. At 36 months, frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry was assessed. At 5 years, maternal reports of temperament and behavior problems were collected, as were observational measures of social behavior during an interaction with an unfamiliar peer in the laboratory. Latent profile analysis revealed a high, stable exuberance profile that was associated with greater ratings of 5-year externalizing behavior and surgency, as well as observed disruptive behavior and social competence with unfamiliar peers. These associations were particularly true for children who displayed left frontal EEG asymmetry. Multiple factors supported an approach bias for exuberant temperament but did not differentiate between adaptive and maladaptive social–emotional outcomes at 5 years of age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Two-network thermomechanical model of a shape memory polymer

The aim of this work is to demonstrate a Helmholtz potential based approach for the development of the constitutive equations for a shape memory polymer undergoing a thermomechanical cycle. The model is able to simulate the response of the material during heating and cooling cycles and the sensitive dependence of the response on thermal expansion. We notice that the yield-stress of the material controls the gross features of the response of the model, and suggests that the material yields differently depending on not just the current value of the temperature but also on whether the temperature of the material dropped or increased from the previous time-step somewhat similar to the Bauschinger effect in plasticity, except that here the controlling parameter is the rate of temperature change rather than rate of plastic strain. The results of the simulation are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with experiments performed on two different shape memory polymer samples: polyurethane and epoxy resin. We find that modeling the hysteresis of the yield stress of the material during temperature changes is the key to the results.     

The optimal branching asymmetry of a bidirectional distribution tree

Several transportation networks in living systems are pulsatile branching trees. Due to the alternating character of the flow, these trees have to simultaneously satisfy two constraints: they have to deliver the carried products in a limited time and they must exhibit a satisfactory hydrodynamic performance in both directions of the flow. We report here that introducing a systematic branching asymmetry into a distribution tree improves performance and robustness, both at inhalation and exhalation. Moreover, optimizing the asymmetry level for both phases leads to a value very close to the one measured in the human lung.     

Minimal-dot plot: “Old tale in new skin” about sequence comparison

The authors propose a simple version of the dot-plot scheme to be used in the case when the distances between sequence elements may take more than two values. The method is applicable, in particular, to the case of the sequences of large-length windows when the sets of distance values are continuous. The proposed technique is simple to implement and the results can produce readable maps for further analysis. To illustrate its potentialities, the method has been applied to the comparison of genomic sequences. The asymmetry in the number of direct and reverse tracks for the Homo sapience genome has been discovered.     

Kinetic changes in gait during low magnitude military load carriage

Indian infantry soldiers carry smaller magnitudes of loads for operational requirements. The ground reaction forces (GRFs) and impulse responses of 10 healthy male Indian infantry soldiers were collected while they walked carrying operational loads between 4.2 and 17.5 kg (6.5–27.2% of mean body weight (BW)) and a control condition of no external load (NL). The GRF and impulse components were normalised for BW, and data for each load condition were compared with NL in each side applying one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. Right foot data were compared with corresponding left foot GRF data for all load conditions and NL. There were significant increases in vertical and anteroposterior GRFs with increase in load. Left and right feet GRF data in corresponding load conditions were significantly different in anteroposterior plane. No significant change was observed in the temporal components of support phase of gait. Changes in impulse parameter were observed in the anteroposterior and vertical planes while carrying load greater than 23 and 16.6% of BW for the right foot and left foot, respectively. Result indicates that smaller magnitudes of loads produced kinetic changes proportional to system weight, similar to heavier loads with the possibility of increased injury risk. Observed smaller asymmetric changes in gait may be considered as postural adjustment due to load. Unique physical characteristics of Indian soldiers and the probable design shortcomings of the existing backpack might have caused significant changes in GRF and peak impulse during smaller load carriage.