Nonlinear characteristic and optical limiting effect of oil red O azo dye in liquid and solid media

In view of a possible application in optical limiting devices for protection against laser radiation, the nonlinear optical absorption, refraction and optical limiting behavior of an organic dye, oil red O, under excitation with CW, Nd: YAG laser at 532 nm was studied. The nonlinear optical responses of the dye were studied both in solution (acetonitrile) and solid film, (methylmethacrylate [MMA]) respectively, using the single-beam Z-scan technique. The open aperture Z-scan of the solution and solid samples displayed reversible saturable absorption. The closed aperture Z-scan of the samples exhibited negative nonlinearity, which was larger in magnitude in the solid film compared to that in solution. The nonlinear refractive index was found to vary with concentration. Optical limiting characteristics of the dye at various concentrations were studied. The third-order nonlinearity of this dye is dominated by nonlinear absorption, which leads to strong optical limiting of the laser.     

Confocal microscopy in the analysis of the etched nuclear particle tracks in polymers

The possibility of the morphometric analysis of etched tracks, induced by protons and alpha particles in the organic polymer allyl diglycol carbonate (CR-39), using the confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM), was studied. The detectors were investigated in two groups of irradiation experiments, namely: (a) irradiated with mono-energetic neutrons of energy 1–2 MeV, (b) exposed to the alpha radiation from ²²²Rn and its progeny. Both groups were irradiated at normal incidence. Radiation-induced latent tracks were electrochemically etched, and their morphometric parameters were investigated in the reflection mode by using the 488-nm spectral line of an argon ion laser. A constant number of up to 200 optical sections in Z-scan mode was taken through each selected etched track at vertical spacings of 0·642 μm. Successive reconstructions of Z-sections were used to determine the following parameters: the mean radius of the opening channel, the maximum diameter and the length of the track, and the angle of the track wall to the surface of the sample. The results show that tracks produced by alpha particles differ from those induced by protons. The radius of the opening channel of alpha-particle-induced tracks ranges from 7·9 to 11 μm, whereas for protons the same parameter ranges between 2·0 and 3·8 μm for a specific electrochemical etch procedure.     

基于LabVIEW的Z扫描测量系统设计

Z扫描测量是进行三阶非线性光学研究的一种重要方法,目前实验室所用的Z扫描测量系统都需要手工操作,使用十分繁琐;采用LabVIEW图形化编程环境开发了一套Z扫描自动测量系统,实现了在软件界面上的便捷操作;并利用LabVIEW强大的数学分析和处理功能对采集的数据进行拟合、分析、计算,得到最终结果;通过试验,验证了系统的可靠性。     

Influence of electron beam irradiation on nonlinear optical properties of Al doped ZnO thin films for optoelectronic device applications in the cw laser regime

We present the studies on third-order nonlinear optical properties of Al doped ZnO thin films irradiated with electron beam at different dose rate. Al doped ZnO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by spray pyrolysis deposition technique. The thin films were irradiated using the 8 MeV electron beam from microtron ranging from 1  kG y to 5  kG y. Nonlinear optical studies were carried out by employing the single beam Z-scan technique to determine the sign and magnitude of absorptive and refractive nonlinearities of the irradiated thin films. Continuous wave He–Ne laser operating at 633 nm was used as source of excitation. The open aperture Z-scan measurements indicated the sample displays reverse saturable absorption (RSA) process. The negative sign of the nonlinear refractive index n₂ was noted from the closed aperture Z-scan measurements indicates, the films exhibit self-defocusing property due to thermal nonlinearity. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) varies from 8.17 × 10⁻⁵ esu to 1.39 × 10⁻³ esu with increase in electron beam irradiation. The present study reveals that the irradiation of electron beam leads to significant changes in the third-order optical nonlinearity. Al doped ZnO displays good optical power handling capability with optical clamping of about ∼5 mW. The irradiation study endorses that the Al doped ZnO under investigation is a promising candidate photonic device applications such as all-optical power limiting.     

Optical nonlinearities of Au nanocluster composite fabricated by 250 keV ion implantation

Metal nanocluster composite glass prepared by 250 keV Au ions into silica with dose of 1 × 10¹⁷ ions/cm² has been studied. The microstructural properties of the nanoclusters are characterized by optical absorption spectra and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Third-order optical properties of the nanoclusters are studied by the Z-scan technique under 1064 nm and 532 nm excitations. The nonlinear refraction index, nonlinear absorption coefficient, and the real and imaginary parts of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility are deduced. The results of the investigation of nonlinear refraction using the off-axis Z-scan configuration are presented and the mechanisms responsible for the nonlinear response are discussed. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ of this kind of sample was determined to be 1.6 × 10⁻⁷ esu at 532 nm and 1.3 × 10⁻⁷ esu at 1064 nm.     

Fabrication of Ag and Cu nanowires by a solid-state ionic method and investigation of their third-order nonlinear optical properties

Ag and Cu nanowires were separately fabricated in a direct current electric field using a solid-state ionic method, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their optical nonlinearities induced by 8 ns laser pulses from a frequency-doubled, Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm, were investigated using the Z-scan technique. Experimental results indicate the metal nanowires have obvious positive refractive nonlinearities and reverse saturated absorption behaviors. The self-focusing behaviors of Ag and Cu nanowires can be attributed to Kerr-induced self-focusing of laser radiation, the nonlinear refractive indexes of Ag and Cu nanowires are n₂ = 1.7 × 10^− 11 esu and n₂ = 2.4 × 10^− 11 esu respectively, and the two-photon process of Ag and the one-photon process of Cu are responsible for the difference between Ag and Cu nanowires suspended in de-ionized water in nanosecond nonlinear absorptions.     

Optical nonlinearities of Fe2O3 nanoparticles investigated by Z-scan technique

The single beam Z-scan technique has been used to measure the third-order nonlinear refractive index, γ, the two-photon absorption coefficient, ß, and the variation of refractive index per unit photoexcited carrier density σ_r, and the free carrier absorption cross section σ_ab for quantum-confined Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles coated by a layer of organic molecular in toluene and bare particles in hydrosol. For coated Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, the ratio γ/ß is enhanced by a factor of five compared to the bare sample. Their figures of merit related to linear and two-photon absorption for ultrafast all-optical devices application were determined.     

含噁二唑侧链的新型三阶非线性聚炔材料的制备及性能

使用[Rh(nbd)Cl]2-Et3N作催化剂合成了一种新的含噁二唑功能基团可溶解的聚炔高分子.采用FT-IR、UV-vis、GPC、TGA 和NMR等对得到的聚炔高分子的分子结构进行了表征,使用4.5ns脉宽波长532nm激光,采用Z扫描技术测试了聚合物的非线性光学性能.     

SiN薄膜三阶非线性增强的研究

采用射频磁控反应溅射法结合热退火处理技术制备纳米硅镶嵌氮化硅(ncSi-SiNx)复合薄膜.通过X射线能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)的测定,对薄膜进行了结构及所包含硅晶粒大小的表征.采用皮秒激光器运用单光束Z扫描技术开展了对该复合薄膜的非线性光学性质的研究,测得其三阶非线性折射率系数和非线性光吸收系数分别为10-8 esu和1018m/W量级,并将薄膜这种三阶光学非线性的增强归因于量子限域效应.     

Ni(mpo)_2的近双光子共振光学非线性特性的研究

采用脉冲宽度为7ns、波长为532nm的激光束,首次利用Z-扫描技术测量了新型功能配合物材料Ni(mpo)2[分子式C10H8N2NiO2S2]的非线性吸收系数和非线性折射系数。用粒子数重新布居模型,合理地解释了非线性吸收和非线性折射的产生机理:非线性吸收来自于近共振双光子吸收,而非线性折射是由于近共振双光子吸收造成的折射加强。非线性吸收系数和非线性折射系数随光强的增大而线性减少是近共振双光子吸收引起粒子数重新布居的结果。