改性棉秆吸附Cr(Ⅵ)工艺研究

以棉花秸秆为原料,在超声波作用下用二硫化碳进行化学改性,制得改性棉秆吸附剂。通过正交试验确定了各因素影响次序和最佳工艺水平组合。结果表明:在pH=1.61、吸附时间为138.47min、吸附剂用量为0.27g、温度为51.61℃条件下,最高吸附效率为99.99%,其中pH在影响改性棉秆吸附过程中表现最为敏感,温度其次;准二级动力学方程拟合效果最好,吸附过程为放热自发反应。利用扫描电子显微镜对改性前后棉秆进行分析,证明改性方法有利于吸附的进行。     

Electrical Properties and Grain Growth Kinetics of PZN-based Ceramics Using Microwave Sintering

Effectiveness of microwave sintering process through investigation of microstructural characteristics and electricalrproperties of x（0.94PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 ＋ 0.06BaTiO3 ） ＋ （1 - x）PbZryTi1-xO3 （PBZNZT） ceramics with x = 0.6 and y = 0.52 was evaluated. The relative density of 95% was achieved with sintering at 800℃for 2 h. The small grain growth exponents indicate how easy the grain growth in these materials sintered using microwave radiation. Grain growth rate increases abruptly and is higher than that of conventional sintering at a temperature higher than 1050℃. This is attributed to the lower activation energy and higher grain boundary mobility. The activation energy required for the grain growth is found to be 132kJ/mol. Higher remanent polarization （Pr = 50. ltLC/cm2） and increase in remanent polarization with sintering temperature are observed in microwave sintering process when compared to that of conventional sintering process, due to fast increase in grain growth rate and homogeneity in the specimen. The results indicate lower sintering energy and reduction of PbO pollution in the working environment by microwave sintering process.     

Corneal critical barrier against the penetration of dexamethasone and lomefloxacin hydrochloride: evaluation by the activation energy for drug partition and diffusion in cornea

The cornea is a solid barrier against drug permeation. We searched the critical barrier of corneal drug permeation using a hydrophobic drug, dexamethasone (DM), and a hydrophilic drug, lomefloxacin hydrochloride (LFLX). The activation energies for permeability of DM and LFLX across the intact cornea were 88.0 and 42.1 kJ/mol, respectively. Their activation energies for permeability across the cornea without epithelium decreased to 33.1 and 16.6 kJ/mol, respectively. The results show that epithelium is the critical barrier on the cornea against the permeation of a hydrophobic drug of DM as well as a hydrophilic drug of LFLX. The activation energy of partition for DM (66.8 kJ/mol) was approximately 3-fold larger than that of diffusion (21.2 kJ/mol). The results indicate that the partition for the hydrophobic drug of DM to the corneal epithelium is the primary barrier. Thermodynamic evaluation of activation energy for the drug permeation parameters is a good approch to investigate the mechanism of drug permeability.     

基于Arrhenius模型快速评价功率VDMOS可靠性

基于Arrhenius模型,对功率器件垂直导电双扩散(VDMOS)场效应晶体管的可靠性进行了评价,并对其主要失效机理进行了分析.通过样管在不同结温下的恒定温度应力加速寿命实验,利用Arrhenius方程和最好线性无偏差估计法(BLUE)对结果进行数据处理,得到其失效激活能E=0.54 eV,在偏置VDs=7.5 V,IDs=0.8 A,推导出功率VDMOS在室温下工作的寿命特征值为3.67×106 h.失效分析发现,栅极累积失效是影响功率VDMOS漏源电流,IDs退化的主要失效机理.     

Electrical and optical activation studies of Si-implanted GaN

Comprehensive and systematic electrical and optical activation studies of Si-implanted GaN were made as a function of ion dose and anneal temperature. Silicon ions were implanted at 200 keV with doses ranging from 1×10¹³ cm^?2 to 5×10¹⁵ cm^?2 at room temperature. The samples were proximity-cap annealed from 1050°C to 1350°C with a 500-Å-thick AlN cap in a nitrogen environment. The optimum anneal temperature for high dose implanted samples is approximately 1350°C, exhibiting nearly 100% electrical activation efficiency. For low dose (≤5×10¹⁴ cm^?2) samples, the electrical activation efficiencies continue to increase with an anneal temperature through 1350°C. Consistent with the electrical results, the photoluminescence (PL) measurements show excellent implantation damage recovery after annealing the samples at 1350°C for 20 sec, exhibiting a sharp neutral-donor-bound exciton peak along with a sharp donor-acceptor pair peak. The mobilities increase with anneal temperature, and the highest mobility obtained is 250 cm²/Vs. The results also indicate that the AlN cap protected the implanted GaN layer during high-temperature annealing without creating significant anneal-induced damage.     

Copper-mediated intramolecular oxidative N-dealkylation of a bis(ferrocenyl)pyridyl ligand

Spontaneous reduction of copper(II) by a bis(ferrocenyl)pyridyl diamide ligand was observed which causes a novel intramolecular N-dealkylation as well as N-oxidation in air. Also observed was the unusual formation of vinyl ferrocene which was confirmed by HPLC and mass spectral techniques. Interestingly, the phenyl analogue of the pyridyl ligand does not show any such transformation. The absorption spectral and electrochemical properties were also reported.     

Attachment theory and rections to others' needs: Evidence that activiation of the sense of attachment security promotes empathic responses.

Five studies examined the effects of chronic and contextual activation of attachment security on reactions to others' needs. The sense of attachment security was contextually primed by asking participants to recollect personal memories, read a story, or look at a picture of supportive others or by subliminally exposing them to proximity-related words. This condition was compared against the priming of neutral themes, positive affect, or attachment-insecurity schemas. Then reports of empathy and personal distress or the accessibility of empathy and personal-distress memories were assessed. Attachment-security priming strengthened empathic reactions and inhibited personal distress. Self-reports of attachment anxiety and avoidance were inversely related to empathy, and attachment anxiety was positively related to personal distress. The discussion emphasizes the relevance of attachment theory for explaining reactions to others' needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermal degradation kinetics of polyesters containing mesogenic aromatic diols

A series of polyesters were synthesized by reacting structurally differing aromatic diols with either saturated (flexible) or unsaturated (rigid) dicarboxylic acid halide by a stirred interfacial polycondensation technique. Thermal degradation kinetics of these polyesters were investigated by applying Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger nonisothermal procedures. The dynamic thermogravimetry experiments were conducted in nitrogen to obtain differential thermogravimetric plots. Thermal stability of these polyesters was discussed on the basis of semiquantitative methods such as differential procedural decomposition temperature, integral procedural decomposition temperature, and fraction decomposition temperature (e.g., 10% DT). Degradation proceeded in multiple stages. The thermal degradation patterns and activation energies in these stages were discussed in relation to central bridging moieties of aromatic diol. The activation energies of these polyesters were found to be in the range of 100 to 200 kJ/mol. The effect of spacer type on activation energy was also reported. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 784–792, 2005     

ACTIVATION ENERGY OF FeAl ALLOYS DURING SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION

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硅胶负载型烯烃聚合催化剂的研究Ⅰ载体硅胶的宏观形态及热活化的影响

聚烯烃催化剂载体粒子的宏观形态在聚合过程中控制着聚合物产品粒子的宏观形态，并影响聚合催化剂的催化性能和聚合物产品性能。本文通过对催化剂载体Ｔ－１型硅胶宏观形态及其受热活化影响的研究，发现了活化过程中硅胶粒子存在着破碎和聚结现象。破碎粒子主要是粒径８０μｍ以上的大粒子，聚结粒子主要是１０μｍ以下的小粒子。还阐明了硅胶活化过程中，粒子的破碎、聚结以及硅胶粒子的流动分散性能、粒径分布、平均粒径、比表面积、孔体积、孔径的变化机制和规律