净化手术室的正常使用管理

根据净化手术室的特点,规范手术室的物品管理、人员管理及设备管理,严格执行各项规章制度,才能保证手术室的长久安全运行。     

医院感染实时监测和预警系统在临床护理中的应用效果调查

目的 :对医院感染实时监测和预警系统在临床中的应用效果进行分析和研究。方法 :所选用B/S构架及J2EE的新开发技术,后台的数据库系统是以SQL SERVER为主,后台的数据库系统是可以与目前各个医院信息系统相连接的,是医院感染管理信息系统得到有力的开发。结果 :对医院感染所发生的发病情况和因素进行实时监测和预警系统,可以起到有效安全的检测和统计功能。结论 :通过对医院感染进行实时的检测和预警系统在临床中的实践应用效果,使医院感染检测的安全性和准确性得到充分的提高,同时也大大提高了医院感染管理的质量和效果。     

Bioinspired Multiantioxidant-Cooperative Nanotheranostic Platform for Realizing Time-Sensitive Management of Acute Kidney Injury

Targeting the pivotal pathological processes of acute kidney injury (AKI) and parallelly monitoring the treatment process has emerged as an intriguing strategy for the timely tailored treatment of AKI, especially in the acute phase. Unfortunately, current clinical treatment approaches are restricted to supportive care, which shows limited efficiency. Herein, a multiantioxidant-cooperative polydopamine-based nanotheranostic platform (mc-PDATP) is reported to achieve imaging-assisted time-sensitive therapy of AKI. Benefiting from the decoration of atomic Cu, mc-PDATP comprehensively mimics the complicated antioxidant defense system as in natural environment, thus displaying improved catalytic activity to multiple toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm mc-PDATP can efficiently protect the kidney from ROS attack and rescue the kidney function via targeting the inflammatory network of AKI. In addition, the coordinated atomic Gd contributes to a desired magnetic resonance (MR) T1-weighted contrast effect of mc-PDATP, which can be used to construct the sensitive MR histogram imaging signatures for pinpointing treatment effects in a timely manner. The study represents an innovative strategy for anti-AKI therapy, which will facilitate the development of next-generation theranostic nano-antioxidants.     

Cleaning Technology of Operating Rooms in Hospitals

This paper is based on a literature review of foreign research regarding the relationship between: SSI (surgical-site infection) and operating room cleaning ventilation, the change of cleanroom technical factors of ventilation, and air conditioning in operating rooms. The differences between foreign codes and Chinese codes on cleaning and the air conditioning index of operating rooms are discussed. The historic background of the founding of the current Chinese clean operating room codes was analyzed. The author appealed to insiders for awareness and concentration on international medical research results involved in cleaning and air conditioning techniques of operating rooms. The current domestic codes should be modified based on the real situation of China. Therefore, the development of medical facilities can be fulfilled.     

黄曲霉毒素的生物合成、代谢和毒性研究进展

食品中黄曲霉毒素污染是最近关注的热点,这些毒素侵染农产品会带来很大经济损失。黄曲霉毒素有非常高的肝毒性、肝致肿瘤性、致畸和致突变性,可在采前、采中和采后的各种环境下侵染多种重要农产品,例如花生、玉米、水稻和棉籽。自然界中黄曲霉毒素的产生取决于多种因素,例如碳、氮、温度、水分活度、pH值、发育阶段、氧化胁迫、植物代谢产物。黄曲霉毒素可引起多种疾病,但是可以通过阻断和干扰吸收及干扰代谢酶来调节体内的黄曲霉毒素。本文概述黄曲霉毒素的生物合成、侵染、运输、代谢和毒性。研究它的生物合成、毒性机制、结构与功能关系和代谢运输途径,为制定有效控制黄曲霉毒素的措施提供更加深入的见解。     

不浸酸无铬鞣剂TWT的环保性能研究

考察了无铬鞣剂TWT的环保性能。研究结果表明,无铬鞣剂TWT属于低毒、可生物降解性物质,对家兔眼睛和皮肤均无刺激性,对豚鼠皮肤致敏性较弱。基于TWT的不浸酸鞣制工艺明显减轻了中性盐对环境的污染。TWT鞣制的白湿皮毒性较低（LD50〉5000 mg/kg）,片皮、削匀所产生的废皮屑可回收利用。与常规植鞣法相比,半植鞣法可节约栲胶50%左右,且废液中的栲胶含量较低。在铬复鞣逆转工艺中,当铬粉用量为削匀革5%时,皮坯收缩温度可达到110℃,与常规铬鞣法相当,但铬粉用量可节约50%以上,废液中的三氧化二铬含量也仅为240 mg/L。铬复鞣逆转工艺不产生含铬固体废弃物,仅最后一道工序产生低铬废水。以上研究结果表明,无铬鞣剂TWT环保性能优良。     

发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品的急性皮肤和眼刺激损害特点

分析发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品的急性皮肤刺激和急性眼刺激损害特点,了解其卫生安全状况。于2012年采用《化妆品卫生规范》(2007年版)中的急性皮肤刺激性实验和急性眼刺激性实验对发用类、肤用清洁类共计158种化妆品样品进行测试。两类受试化妆品显示出不同程度的急性皮肤刺激性和急性眼刺激性损害效应。发用类化妆品在实验中基本无皮肤刺激性损伤;肤用清洁类化妆品在实验中有少量的皮肤刺激性损伤,但大都为轻刺激性(31.0%),只有个别(3.8%)出现了皮肤红斑水肿的中刺激性损伤。发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品在急性眼刺激性实验中检出一定比例具有微刺激性及以上刺激性的样品,但引起的眼损伤都能够在观察期限内恢复。本次调查的所有化妆品中,洁面类、洗发类化妆品普遍具有急性眼刺激性和急性皮肤刺激性损害,需加强对化妆品的监督管理,进一步提升化妆品卫生安全水平,保障化妆品使用安全。     

植物乳杆菌HCS03-001安全性评价及其益生特性分析

为了对植物乳杆菌HCS03-001(CGMCC No.16258)进行安全性评价以及益生特性的研究,通过溶血实验、耐药实验及急性经口毒性实验评价其安全性,通过对酸环境及胆盐环境的耐受性实验、抑菌功能特性实验及通便功效试验评价该菌株的益生特性.结果表明,植物乳杆菌HCS03-001在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基上无透明圈形成,即...