EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF EQUILIBRIUM AND NONEQUILIBRIUM DYNAMIC ADSORPTION OF Cd~(++) IN SOIL--EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ACIDITIES AND SATURATION

This paper studies water and solute transport in soil. It mainly deals with theadsorption behavior of heavy metal Cd~(++) in soil at different P~H values and the dynamic charac-ters of adsorption process in unsaturated state. Through theoretical analysis and experimental re-search, the adsorption isotherm and the equations of dynamic adsorption in saturated and unsatu-rated states are proposed.     

Acetate adsorption and metal overlayers on electrode surfaces

Acetate adsorbs onto platinum surfaces under moderate conditions and the presence of acetate on the electrode surface is apparent by voltammetric studies. The adsorption of acetate lends an unusual stability to layers of zinc acetate on the electrode surface. The reduction of an oxidized platinum surface under a zinc acetate coating is sensitive to polar organic molecules in the bulk solution. This sensitivity may provide an avenue to a new class of analytical sensors.     

边磨边浸－炭吸附提金新工艺研究

以塔式磨浸机为核心，对金矿石进行边磨边浸，然后进入炭吸附，使金矿石的全泥氰化浸出率达到９６．６％，金的总回收率达到９３．４％。一台塔式磨浸机取代传统磨矿流程中的一磨、二磨、螺旋分级、水力旋流器及部分浸出槽，大大缩短工艺流程，节省能耗５０％。     

Behavior of Fe, Mn, Cu and Cd in the duwamish river estuary downstream of a sewage treatment plant

The behavior of dissolved Fe, Mn, Cu and Cd in the Duwamish River downstream of a sewage treatment plant located near Seattle, Washington, was investigated in three distinct zones: (1) immediately downstream of the effluent outfall, (2) further downstream in the freshwater portion of the river and (3) in the estuarine mixing zone. A three-end-member tracer model utilizing salinity and dissolved inorganic nitrogen was developed to distinguish physical mixing processes from biogeochemical reactions. The results of this investigation indicate that Fe was removed from the dissolved phase onto particulates near the plant. Although no additional reactions controlled the distribution of dissolved Fe, Mn and Cu in the freshwater portion of the river, Cd was removed from the dissolved phase. In the estuarine mixing zone, a significant fraction of the dissolved Fe and Cu was removed from solution, while Mn and Cd desorbed from particulates. The chemical forms of the trace metals rather than their sources appear to determine their participation in these reactions.     

Interaction of isobutene and methacrolein with silica-supported uranium and molybdenum oxide catalysts

The adsorption of isobutene (in the temperature range 309–341K) and methacrolein (in the temperature range 296–336 K) on a Mo/(Mo+U)=0.89 catalyst were studied. The equilibrium data were analysed according to Freundlich's model. The high coverages observed at lower temperatures suggest some participation of physical adsorption in the reversible adsorption. Entropy calculations showed that these adsorbed species are best described by a mobile model which assumes bidimensional translation and two rotational degrees of freedom. Isobutene is weakly chemisorbed, producing reversible species which were identified as a π-complex formed by interaction with surface OH groups through π-electrons (infrared bands at 1655, 1615, 1470 and 1375 cm^?1), and only a small fraction of isobutene interacts strongly via lattice oxygen forming intermediate species in the oxidation reaction. However, in the presence of oxygen at 523 K a majority of the surface species are strongly held by the surface (infrared bands at 1775, 1723, 1610, 1460 and 1350 cm^?1 associated to a methacrylic complex and bands at 1590 and 1538 cm^?1 of carbonate-carboxylate species).     

变压吸附制氧技术及其应用

详细介绍了新型ＰＳＡ制氧机的原理、装备及应用情况，并通过实际应用效果对其发展前景作了系统的分析。     

Adsorption of disperse dye by powdered activated carbon

The purpose of this laboratory study is to investigate the effectiveness of powered activated carbon (PAC) on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color of disperse dye and the effect of PAC particle size on the treatment efficiency. The adsorption isotherm parameters for the Langmuir, Freundlich and BET model are determined using the adsorption data. It has been found that the multilayer BET isotherm yields significantly better fit to the observed data than the monolayer ones. A simplified mass transfer model is proposed in the present work also for estimating the external mass transfer coefficient using the initial adsorption data at low PAC dosage.     

Measurement of intraparticle diffusion in reversed phase liquid chromatography

The intraparticle diffusion coefficient was measured using a method based on the fitting of a set of experimental chromatographic profiles to the lumped pore diffusion model. For this purpose, both the analytical solution of the model in the Laplace domain and a numerical method were used. There was an excellent agreement between the results given by the two methods. These results are compared to those obtained by moment analysis of the same set of chromatographic profiles and by the determination of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient from the second central moment of these bands. Nearly identical results were obtained with these two independent methods. The values of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient, D_e, for rubrene in pure methanol was found to be by the modeling method and by the moment analysis method. These values increase with increasing water concentration, to 1.10×10⁻⁶ and , respectively, in a methanol/water solution and to 1.63×10⁻⁶ and , respectively, in a solution.These results confirm the validity and the consistency of the lumped pore model and the moment analysis theory. They show that both approaches describe correctly the mass transfer kinetics in the particles of packing material during the chromatographic process. Systematic determinations of the intraparticle diffusion coefficient can now be undertaken and the influence of various experimental parameters on this important property of packing materials can be investigated.     

Multi-component adsorption of Ag(I), Cd(II) and Cu(II) by natural carbonaceous materials

Adsorption of silver, cadmium and copper from aqueous solutions by natural carbonaceous materials was investigated. The studied series of natural materials (spruce wood, pine bark, cork, peat, fusinite, lignite, oxidised lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite) was extended to include industrial carbon-rich materials: coke, activated carbon F-400 and Multisorb 100. Adsorption was tested on a single-component system and on the binary and ternary mixtures. All the materials used differ in their ability to adsorb selected metals. The adsorption of metals is significantly affected by the presence of other ions in solution. Total metal uptake was considerably higher in a mixture than single-ion adsorption. Chemical reactions, such as precipitation and reduction of metallic silver, play a role in metal uptake by bituminous coal, coke and activated carbon.     

不同体系中黄河沉积物对La3+的吸附特性

对比实验研究揭示,不同体系中La3 的吸附等温线类型差别较大,单离子体系中La3 的吸附属于典型的一级吸附模式,多离子体系中,La3 的吸附等温线呈不规则变化,用现有的等温吸附方程均不能较好拟合其等温吸附过程;不同体系中La3 的pH突跃区域无显著性差异;随温度的升高,单离子体系中,表层沉积物对La3 的吸附量增加,多离子体系中则降低;随着泥沙浓度、离子强度的增加和有机质的去除,表层沉积物对La3 的吸附量均降低,而且悬浮物对La3 的吸附量大于表层沉积物。