Designing for an imagined user: Provision for thermal comfort in energy-efficient extra-care housing

Regarded as one solution to the problem of how to enable older people to retain their independence, extra-care housing, where each resident has their own self-contained dwelling and access to communal facilities and to care, has received extensive funding in recent years. Implicit in the concept of specialist housing is the notion of ‘special’ occupants, imagined older people. Adopting a socio-technical approach, this paper considers how ideas about ageing inform those aspects of extra-care-housing-design that relate to thermal comfort. The paper draws on semi-structured interviews with 13 people involved in the design, development and management of UK-based extra-care housing. Participants characterised imagined occupants as vulnerable to cold, at risk from fuel poverty and liable to be burned by hot surfaces or fall from high windows. These user representations were reportedly inscribed into the design of extra-care housing schemes through the inclusion of building features such as communal heating, under-floor heating, restricted window opening and heated corridors. The utilisation of stereotypical user representations of older people raises questions, given that older people's thermal comfort needs can be highly diverse. The paper explores the implications for energy demand.     

ED-SWE: Event detection based on scoring and word embedding in online social networks for the internet of people

Online social media networks are gaining attention worldwide, with an increasing number of people relying on them to connect, communicate and share their daily pertinent event-related information. Event detection is now increasingly leveraging online social networks for highlighting events happening around the world via the Internet of People. In this paper, a novel Event Detection model based on Scoring and Word Embedding (ED-SWE) is proposed for discovering key events from a large volume of data streams of tweets and for generating an event summary using keywords and top-k tweets. The proposed ED-SWE model can distill high-quality tweets, reduce the negative impact of the advent of spam, and identify latent events in the data streams automatically. Moreover, a word embedding algorithm is used to learn a real-valued vector representation for a predefined fixed-sized vocabulary from a corpus of Twitter data. In order to further improve the performance of the Expectation-Maximization (EM) iteration algorithm, a novel initialization method based on the authority values of the tweets is also proposed in this paper to detect live events efficiently and precisely. Finally, a novel automatic identification method based on the cosine measure is used to automatically evaluate whether a given topic can form a live event. Experiments conducted on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the ED-SWE model exhibits better efficiency and accuracy than several state-of-art event detection models.     

Kano模型分析法获取智能手机中老年用户需求的实证研究

Kano模型作为一种定性的分析模型,被广泛应用在新产品开发、互联网用户体验、公共服务及服务管理等领域.本文以小米手机MIUI系统为例,运用Kano模型分析法对中老年用户使用智能手机过程中的细致需求进行系统的研究,梳理出中老年用户关注的基本需求功能项和期望需求功能项,以解决中老年智能手机功能优化过程中用户黏度的瓶颈,以达成中老年用户对智能手机使用的忠诚度.     

智能视频监控中基于机器学习的自动人数统计

提出了智能视频监控中基于机器学习的自动人数统计系统.该系统通过机器学习的方法对视频序列中人的头肩部位进行准确地检测,克服了传统检测方法如连通域分析和简单模板匹配的不足,对光线变化和人群拥挤等问题具有较好的稳健性,在对具体场景的初步测试中取得了较满意的效果.     

机器视觉下升降机内人数检测算法

为了限制建筑升降机的人数,防止升降机超载,文中提出了一种基于机器视觉的建筑升降机内人数动态检测方法。该算法是在工人进门的区域内,利用改进的Vibe算法实现视频图像中的运动目标分割,采用领域平滑去除图像噪声,根据人头特征采用椭圆拟合的方式拟合人的头部,利用基于卡尔曼滤波的最近距离匹配法对椭圆的质心进行跟踪并计数。实验表明,文中算法对于升降机内俯视图像中人员计数的实现准确率较高,鲁棒性较好。     

信息时代下城市交通拥堵问题的探讨--从居住集中度角度出发

信息技术在城市生产、生活与管理中的加速应用不仅促使城市空间结构正在发生转型,也影响了城市居民的活动空间特征,减少了居民出行次数,缓减了交通拥堵,但是在社会经济的快速发展,城市化进程不断加快的时代下,城市交通拥堵问题依然存在,本文研究了居住区与工作区的关系以及对城市交通拥堵的影响,进而分析从居住集中度的角度如何结合信息技术缓解交通拥堵问题,并有针对性的提出相关措施及建议。     

基于信息科技下青少年水上运动项目体能训练理念与方法

水上运动不仅能够让人畅游水面,与大自然亲密接触,而且它有很强的观赏性和趣味性,能够吸引很多的人们参与到其中。现今,不管是基于父母的培养要求,还是出自于儿童自身的兴趣爱好,我们在各种水上运动馆可以看到越来越多青少年的身影。但是,我们必须认识到水上运动又是一项非常消耗体力的运动,尤其是那些正处于生长发育过程中的青少年运动员,我们必须明确对其进行体能训练的重要性。本文就青少年在水上运动项目进行体能训练的理念与方法等进行了详细分析。     

基于多特征融合的行人检测跟踪统计方法

为了避免传统方法行人过线统计的不足,提高视频中人数统计的适用性和有效性,提出了一种基于多特征融合的行人检测跟踪统计方法。首先,采用垂直拍摄的方式获取视频,利用Mean-Shift分割算法分割图像,根据发色信息和头部轮廓特征识别出人头目标区域;其次使用融合多特征的匹配算法对人头进行匹配跟踪;最后通过运动目标轨迹分析估算出监控区域内的人数。实验结果表明提出的算法在保证准确率的前提下,扩大了人数统计的适用性。     

Efficient Body-Transfer Wheelchair for Assisting Functionally ImpairedPeople

Functionally impaired people always have difficulty accomplishing activities of daily living. In this regard, tasks including toileting and bathing have a higher prevalence rate of injuries and greater risk of falling. In this study, a body-transfer wheelchair was developed to assist people in transferring from bed to wheelchair for bathing, and toileting. The body-transfer wheelchair is a semi-automatic wheelchair that has features such as a controlled leg and backrest, linkage commode slot, and height adjustment. The wheelchair consists of a seat and a main frame that can be detached to enable bathtub transfer. This mechanism lets the user stay on the seat while being transferred into the bathtub without any risk of falling. A linkage mechanism was developed as a part of the seat for ease of toileting. Kinematic and force analysis was conducted to calculate the force required for each actuator. It has been proved by the experimental results that the wheelchair can securely and comfortably transfer a patient from the bed to the toilet or bathtub. A survey has been conducted to evaluate the wheelchair prototype design idea. Two focus groups were chosen: one comprised of functionally impaired people, and the other comprised of caregivers. The results of the survey show that 60% of both functionally impaired people and caregivers would like to use the body-transfer wheelchair for toileting and bathing purpose. Additionally, on average 65% of both focus groups find it convenient to operate the body-transfer wheelchair independently.     

基于液质联用技术的镇江香醋中十种黄酮类物质含量的同时测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）同时测定镇江普通醋和陈年醋中十种黄酮类化合物含量的分析方法。采用体积分数为70%的甲醇水溶液超声提取的方法对食醋样品进行处理,提取液用C18柱进行分离,以0.1%的甲酸水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min,柱温35 ℃。质谱测定为电喷雾负离子模式（ESI-）,多反应监测（MRM）。结果表明,十种黄酮类化合物在25.0～1 000.0 ng/mL线性关系良好（R2＞0.99）,平均加标回收率为93.9%～99.0%,精密度和稳定性试验结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）均≤3.8%,检出限在1.0～4.0 ng/mL。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、准确性好,可用于镇江普通醋和陈年醋等酿造食醋中黄酮类成分的检测。