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61.
62.
纳米材料发展的关键是纳米结构的制备、形貌调控和性能优化.倾斜角度沉积是以较大的角度(大于75°)倾斜入射沉积薄膜,通过控制沉积参数,得到具有特殊形貌纳米结构的方法,具有适用范围广,操作便捷,制备的薄膜面积大、纯度高、结构规整等特点,是一种理想的制备纳米材料的方法.本文介绍了采用倾斜角度沉积技术制备氧化铪抗反射薄膜和银基表面增强拉曼基底,详细分析了该方法的参数调控对纳米结构的形貌和性能的影响,并指出将倾斜角度沉积与其他先进技术相结合(以原子层沉积为例),可进一步优化纳米结构的性能,提高倾斜角度沉积的使用范围. 相似文献
63.
Three‐Layered Hollow Nanospheres Based Coatings with Ultrahigh‐Performance of Energy‐Saving,Antireflection, and Self‐Cleaning for Smart Windows
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Lin Yao Zhe Qu Zili Pang Jing Li Siyao Tang Junhui He Lili Feng 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(34)
In this study, a well‐controlled interfacial engineering method for the synthesis of SiO2/TiO2/VO2 three‐layered hollow nanospheres (TLHNs) and TLHNs‐based multifunctional coatings is reported. The as‐prepared coatings allow for an outstanding integration of thermochromism from the outer VO2(M) layer, photocatalytic self‐cleaning capability from the middle TiO2(A) layer, and antireflective property from internal SiO2 HNs. The TLHNs coatings exhibit excellent optical performance with ultrahigh luminous transmittance (Tlum‐l = 74%) and an improved solar modulation ability (ΔTsol = 12%). To the best knowledge, this integrated optical performance is the highest ever reported for TiO2/VO2‐based thermochromic coatings. An ingenious computation model is proposed, which allows the neff of nanostructured coatings to be rapidly obtained. The experimental and calculated results reveal that the unique three‐layered structure significantly reduces the refractive index (from 2.25 to 1.33 at 600 nm) and reflectance (Rave, from 22.3 to 5.3%) in the visible region as compared with dense coatings. Infrared thermal imaging characterization and self‐cleaning tests provide valid evidence of SiO2/TiO2/VO2 TLHNs coatings' potential for energy‐saving and self‐cleaning smart windows. The exciting inexpensive and universal fabrication process for well‐defined structures may inspire various developments in processable and multifunctional devices. 相似文献
64.
Abstract— In the display industry, there is an increasing use of polymeric coatings comprising inorganic nanoparticles. These particles endow the coatings optical, electrical, or mechanical properties not attainable with organic materials, while the use of an organic binder allows easy processing via, e.g., wet deposition and UV or thermal crosslinking. Nanoparticles are relatively new materials and seem to offer numerous opportunities for new coatings for the display industry. Examples of this are silica nanoparticles in anti‐reflection coatings, indium‐tin‐oxide particles in antistatic coatings, and metallic carbon nanotubes in conductive coatings. Yet the physical interactions that determine the dispersion of nanoparticles in the wet formulation and the resulting morphology in the dry coating can be traced back to classical colloid science. In this paper, we focus on some of these principles and their application to nanoparticles dispersed in organic solvents. We illustrate these principles with several examples of anti‐reflection coatings, anti‐static coatings, and hardcoats currently in use in the industry. 相似文献
65.
In this study, we have fabricated and characterized the silicon [Si] wire solar cells with conformal ZnO nanorod antireflection
coating [ARC] grown on a Al-doped ZnO [AZO] seed layer. Vertically aligned Si wire arrays were fabricated by electrochemical
etching and, the p-n junction was prepared by spin-on dopant diffusion method. Hydrothermal growth of the ZnO nanorods was
followed by AZO film deposition on high aspect ratio Si microwire arrays by atomic layer deposition [ALD]. The introduction
of an ALD-deposited AZO film on Si wire arrays not only helps to create the ZnO nanorod arrays, but also has a strong impact
on the reduction of surface recombination. The reflectance spectra show that ZnO nanorods were used as an efficient ARC to
enhance light absorption by multiple scattering. Also, from the current-voltage results, we found that the combination of
the AZO film and ZnO nanorods on Si wire solar cells leads to an increased power conversion efficiency by more than 27% compared
to the cells without it. 相似文献
66.
能源短缺已经成为阻碍当今世界经济发展的重大问题,开发新型能源已经受到广泛的共识.太阳能作为一种无污染、可再生能源,它的利用受到越来越多的重视.太阳能光伏玻璃的透光率在太阳能利用方面起着重要的作用,所以如何提高光伏玻璃的透光率已成为光伏行业一项重大的研究课题.光伏玻璃作为光伏电池组件封装的重要组成部分,是直接应用在太阳能光伏发电组件上,具有传递和控制光线,或导出电流作用的玻璃产品.光伏玻璃的透光率是影响太阳能光伏电池转换效能的重要因素,然而它受到玻璃中金属含量,压延花型以及玻璃表面薄膜制备方法等很多因素的影响.本文介绍了影响光伏玻璃透光率的因素,并且详细地概述了提高光伏玻璃透光率的方法以及对这些方法所做的研究,为下一阶段的研究提供了方向. 相似文献
67.
68.
K. U. Kwon M. H. Choi S. W. Kim S. H. Hahn D. J. Seong J. C. Kim S. H. Lee 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2000,21(2):543-552
In this study, we designed and developed two-layer antireflection (AR) optical coating samples on glass substrates, using different evaporation conditions of coating rates and substrate temperatures for two dielectric materials, MgF2 and ZnS, with different refractive indices. The through-plane thermal diffusivity of these systems was measured using the photoacoustic effect. The optical thicknesses of MgF2 and ZnS layers were fixed at 5/4 (=514.5 nm) and , respectively, and the thermal diffusivities of the samples were obtained from the measured amplitude of the photoacoustic signals by changing the chopping frequency of the Ar+ laser beam. The results demonstrated that the thermal diffusivity of the sample fabricated under the conditions of 10Å·s–1 and 150°C had the maximum value and that the results were directly related to the microstructure of the film system. 相似文献
69.
K. Narasimha Rao 《Bulletin of Materials Science》2003,26(2):239-245
Deposition of durable thin film coatings by vacuum evaporation on acrylic substrates for optical applications is a challenging
job. Films crack upon deposition due to internal stresses and leads to performance degradation. In this investigation, we
report the preparation and characterization of single and multi-layer films of TiO2, CeO2, Substance2 (E Merck, Germany), Al2O3, SiO2 and MgF2 by electron beam evaporation on both glass and PMMA substrates. Optical micrographs taken on single layer films deposited
on PMMA substrates did not reveal any cracks. Cracks in films were observed on PMMA substrates when the substrate temperature
exceeded 80°C. Antireflection coatings of 3 and 4 layers have been deposited and characterized. Antireflection coatings made
on PMMA substrate using Substance2 (H2) and SiO2 combination showed very fine cracks when observed under microscope. Optical performance of the coatings has been explained
with the help of optical micrographs. 相似文献
70.
Hitoshi Sai Yoshiaki Kanamori Koji Arafune Yoshio Ohshita Masafumi Yamaguchi 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2007,15(5):415-423
Recently, submicron textures have been researched and applied to multicrystalline silicon solar cells in order to improve their optical performance. In this study, the antireflection and light trapping effects of submicron surface textures in crystalline Si (c‐Si) solar cells were quantitatively investigated by numerical simulations based on Maxwell's equations with a simple two‐dimensional (2D) surface grating model. The calculated results showed that the surface reflection loss can be effectively reduced by using submicron Si surface gratings with appropriate aspect ratios. On the other hand, higher order diffractions that are caused by surface gratings that increase optical path lengths and light absorption near the band gap wavelength are dominant only for those with periods greater than 0·5 µm. From these results, it was inferred that submicron textures are effective for light trapping as well as for antireflection in thin c‐Si solar cells if appropriate dimensions are chosen. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献