时效制度对Al-CU-Mg-Ag合金组织和性能的影响

通过室温力学性能检测、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察，研究了不同时效制度对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明，在145～185℃进行人工时效时，同一时效温度下，随时效时间的延长，抗拉强度在165℃出现峰值．随时效温度的升高峰值左移，即达到峰值的时效时间缩短。合金在165℃时效时，其峰值时效时间为6h．纵向和横向性能较为接近，其纵向强度σb为472MPa，σ0.2为455MPa，对应的伸长率为12．68％。     

基于人工神经网络的结构钢回火后力学性能预测

利用多层前向神经网络，使用B－P算法对结构钢回火性能预测进行了研究。通过利用99种钢450余组训练数据样本对神经网络进行训练，建立了结构钢回火后的力学性能与金属成分和回火温度之间的隐性函数。并针对训练用样本不足的问题，设计了为网络提供自学功能软件，在钢完全淬透的前提下，用此神经网络模型可在一定精度范围内预测结构钢的回火力学性能。     

用人工神经网络方法预测鼓泡塔气含率

A new correlation for the prediction of gas hod up in bubble columns was proposed based on an extensive experimental database set up from the literature published over last 30 years .The updated estimation method relying on artificial neural network,dimensional analysis and phenomenological approaches was used and the model prediction agreed with the experimental data with average relative error less than 10%.     

对鸡头米中提取栲胶的研究

在芡实栲胶提取中初步研究结果表明：在使用65％的乙醇的水溶液，粒度为0．3cm方块，浸提温度选择在55℃，浸出时间选择在2h，乙醇水溶液中的水应使用蒸馏水，加入适量的表面活性剂。浸提液的酸碱性为中性等条件下可得到栲胶9％～13％。     

人工神经网络及其在窑炉动态温度场的模拟研究

本文阐述了人工神经网络的发展、基本原理以及前馈神经网络的反向传播学习算法，并应用单孢层网络进行了窑炉烧嘴温度场分布的仿真研究。结果表明。用非线性神经元网络模拟在窑炉温度场预测和控制方面是可行的。     

基于两阶段人工鱼群算法的U型渠道断面优化设计

渠道断面优化是控制农田水利工程成本的重要因素,已有的渠道断面优化研究以梯形渠道为主,对U型渠道研究较少。以优化U型渠道深度、圆弧半径和直线段外倾角为目标,建立以U型渠道过水断面面积最小为目标函数、满足设计流量要求的数学优化模型。根据U型渠道水力计算的复杂性,利用引入协调行为的两阶段人工鱼群算法,对渠道断面设计进行优化。优化结果满足边坡稳定等约束条件。将模型应用于连云港市赣榆区黑林镇土地整理项目,10条斗渠过水断面面积均减小,优化后占地面积共减少28.603 m~2,占原占地面积的5.0%。     

基于不同受益者的莫莫格湿地生态系统服务权重分析

为了明确不同区域和不同社会身份受益者对湿地生态系统服务的关注程度,为今后湿地生态系统服务的管理和政策制定提供依据,以吉林省莫莫格国家级自然保护区为研究对象,运用层次分析法从当地受益者、省域受益者、全国受益者和全球受益者四个层次以及年龄、收入、职业和教育背景等社会属性对莫莫格湿地的物质生产、调蓄洪水、固碳、气候调节、大气调节、水质净化、科研教育和休闲旅游等8项服务进行比较并打分,得出权重结果。结果表明:当地受益者和省域受益者最关注湿地的调蓄洪水服务,其权重值分别为0.276 1和0.266 7;全国受益者最关注湿地的气候调节服务,其权重值为0.223 8;全球受益者最关注湿地的固碳服务,其权重值为0.203 0。年龄越高的受益者更为关注水质净化和调蓄洪水等服务;文化程度越高的受益者对于湿地的科研教育的关注程度相对较高;生态相关职业的受益者更为关注生态相关的调蓄洪水、固碳、气候调节和科研教育服务。     

Local artificial boundary conditions for Schrödinger and heat equations by using high-order azimuth derivatives on circular artificial boundary

The aim of the paper is to design high-order artificial boundary conditions for the Schrödinger equation on unbounded domains in parallel with a treatment of the heat equation. We first introduce a circular artificial boundary to divide the unbounded definition domain into a bounded computational domain and an unbounded exterior domain. On the exterior domain, the Laplace transformation in time and Fourier series in space are applied to achieve the relation of special functions. Then the rational functions are used to approximate the relation of the special functions. Applying the inverse Laplace transformation to a series of simple rational function, we finally obtain the corresponding high-order artificial boundary conditions, where a sequence of auxiliary variables are utilized to avoid the high-order derivatives in respect to time and space. Furthermore, the finite difference method is formulated to discretize the reduced initial–boundary value problem with high-order artificial boundary conditions on a bounded computational domain. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the performance of our method.     

On reactive routing protocols in ZigBee wireless sensor networks

ZigBee is the primary standard solution for wireless sensor networks, implementing the Ad hoc On‐Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol in the network layer and supported by the standard IEEE 802.15.4. This study is focused on mesh topologies and the critical problems encountered when AODV is executed in conjunction with the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance protocol. These problems are mainly related to the packet overhead required to carry out route creation. To perform preliminary experiments to be able to implement AODV in a real network, a new metric is proposed herein. This metric uses fuzzy logic to help in the decision‐making process. The objective of the fuzzy routine is to determine, during the route‐discovery process, the best node to forward request/reply packets, with the aim of reducing packet overhead and energy consumption. Moreover, minor changes are also added to the discovery procedure of AODV to improve the performance of the route‐creation process. This intelligent version of AODV has provided promising experimental results, greatly reducing the number of packets required, with the consequent energy saving while selecting the best nodes to be part of the routes.     

Occurrence patterns of alien freshwater turtles in a large urban pond ‘Archipelago’ (Rome,Italy): Suggesting hypotheses on root causes

The patterns of the occurrence and distribution of alien freshwater turtle species in an urban pond archipelago (Rome, Italy) were analysed, with the aim of exploring the role of a set of factors (type of ponds, landscape context, size area, distance from the nearest road) with a generalized linear model approach. A total of 311 ponds subdivided in three types (fountains, small basins, lakes) embedded in different landscape contexts (public parks, private parks, urban areas) at differing distances from the nearest road were sampled. Six non‐native freshwater turtle species in 31 sites were recorded (9.97%). Lakes exhibited the highest occurrence rates of alien freshwater turtles, compared to small basins and fountains. Freshwater turtle species in urbanized areas were only observed in parks (both public and private). In both the public and private parks, the lakes exhibited the highest percentage of occupied sites, with fountains being the lowest. A direct and significant relationship was observed between pond size and species richness. The distance from the nearest road did not appear to affect species richness. A first interpretation of the data from this study facilitated the postulation of two a posteriori hypotheses that should be tested, as follows: (i) the causal process of turtle release is random, and the rate of extinction (and recapture) is higher in smaller ponds, thus producing the observed pattern; and (ii) the turtle release is not random, and people actively select the ponds they consider more suitable for their pet animals. In this study, it appears the lakes were perceived by those who abandon their pets as the most ecologically suitable habitats among other pond types to accommodate the different species of turtles. Knowledge of people's attitudes in regard to releasing pet animals also might assist managers of public green spaces to develop strategies aimed to preserve local biodiversity, and to educate the public about the conservation issue represented by the alien species.