低碳钢形变强化相变的组织细化

利用热模拟压缩变形试验研究了应变速率,形变温度和应变量对Q235级别低碳20钢过冷奥氏体形谱强化相谱的组织演变规律,探讨了了奥氏体昌粒控制对形变强化相变的影响,分析了组织细化的原因,结果表明,形变强烈促进过冷奥氏体相变,过冷奥氏体在800－740℃温度范围名义变形量为70％,应变速率为Is^-1,可获得了平均截径为2－3um及小于2um的铁索体细晶与珠光体混合组织,还观察到在局部细小铁素体晶粒的晶界上渗碳体以离异珠光体形式析出的现象,适当控制奥氏体晶粒尺寸有利于形变强化强晶组织的获得。     

1000MPa级高延伸率Q&P钢的实验室研究

以C-Si-Mn系TRIP钢成分为基础,设计了四种不同Si和Mn含量的合金成分,并采用不同两相区奥氏体化温度的淬火—配分(QP)工艺进行处理,得到了兼具高强度和高塑性的QP钢。其中,当奥氏体化温度为820℃时,0.18C-1.8Si-2.2Mn(质量分数,%)钢和0.18C-1.8Si-2.5Mn钢在抗拉强度达到1 000 MPa以上的同时断后延伸率仍不低于20%,显示了极佳的强塑性结合。利用SEM和XRD等对热处理材料的显微组织进行了表征,结果显示,其显微组织为铁素体、板条马氏体和一定量的残余奥氏体,残余奥氏体多呈块状且被铁素体所包围,且奥氏体化温度为820℃时,材料中的残余奥氏体含量和平均碳浓度均较高。更多且稳定的残余奥氏体在变形过程中发生TRIP效应,可以在不显著降低材料强度的情况下更有效地改善材料的塑性,这也是四种试验用钢经820℃的QP工艺处理后显示出更佳强塑性结合的主要原因。     

Formation of Reversed Austenite in High Temperature Tempering Process and its Effect on Mechanical Properties of Cr15 Super Martensitic Stainless Steel Alloyed with Copper

Formation mechanism of the reversed austenite of Cr15 super martensitic stainless steel (SMSS) alloyed with copper after high temperature tempering was investigated by means of thermo‐calc software, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of the SMSS were also tested. The experimental results show that the reversed austenite with low dislocation density is formed at high temperature tempering processing. The transformation of the martensite to reversed austenite is a diffused phase transformation, and the growth of the reversed austenite is closely related to the diffusion process of Ni. The bulk reversed austenite with large amount of stacking faults is formed with the increase of the tempering temperature. The volume fraction of reversed austenite increases at first and then decreases with increasing tempering temperature, and the maximum amount of the reversed austenite is obtained at 650°C. The reversed austenite is unstable at the tempering temperature above 650°C and the martensitic phase transformation will occur at the following cooling process. The mechanical properties of Cr15 super martensitic stainless steel are significantly influenced by the volume fraction of reversed austenite.     

前驱体对含Cu低碳钢I&Q&P处理后组织性能的影响

采用IQP工艺和EPMA、SEM和XRD等手段,研究了3种前驱体对含Cu低碳钢残余奥氏体含量及力学性能的影响。结果表明,双相区保温初期试验钢奥氏体长大由C配分控制,后期由合金元素Mn、Cu配分控制;双相区保温奥氏体化后,双相区配分后形成弥散分布的局部高浓度Mn、Cu区域仍保留富集效果,在随后的淬火-碳配分阶段易于形成残余奥氏体。经IQP处理后,前驱体为P+F的钢室温组织中马氏体板条较粗,原始奥氏体晶界并不明显;前驱体为F+M钢得到的马氏体板条有序细密;前驱体为M的钢室温组织中马氏体板条更加细密。其中,前驱体组织为M的钢中残余奥氏体量最高,延伸率为24.1%,强塑积可达25 338 MPa·%,综合性能最好。     

The effect of tempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrahigh strength 23CoNi steel plate

1 Introduction23CoNi (0 .23C-14Co-2Ni-3Cr-1 Mo) steel is an ultrahigh strength steel with high alloy .It exhibitshigh strength,good toughness and excellent corrosion resistance . The tensile strength of 23CoNi is above1930 MPa andfracture toughness tends to higher than 110 MPam.It is not only usedto make critical air-craft parts ,such as landing gear ,joints etc .,but alsois used for bulletproof material .It is a kind of sec-ondary hardening alloy steel ,strengthened by the precipitation…     

51CrV4弹簧钢相变规律研究

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟机研究51CrV4弹簧钢过冷奥氏体连续转变规律,采用热膨胀法测定其相变临界点,同时测定51CrV4钢过冷奥氏体在不同冷却速度下连续转变时的膨胀曲线,绘制其静态连续冷却转变（CCT）曲线.结合金相-显微硬度法,分析不同冷却速度对51CrV4钢组织性能的影响.结果表明：冷却速度为0.5℃/s 时,冷却转变的产物为铁素体和珠光体;当冷速增加,达到1℃/s 后,贝氏体开始生成;马氏体转变冷速区间为2~30℃/s;当冷却速度超过12℃/s后,冷却产物只有马氏体.     

核电给水加热器不锈钢换热管的选用

不锈钢管具有优良的使用性能,核电厂给水加热器常采用不锈钢管作为换热管.不锈钢管的材质包括有奥氏体不锈钢管和铁素体不锈钢管.分析了不锈钢换热管的失效机理,并对采用不锈钢管给水加热器的运行经验进行了总结.在选择换热管材质时,需综合考虑耐腐蚀和耐冲蚀性能、力学性能、最高运行温度、潜在振动等方面的要求.     

残余奥氏体的诱发相变对Cr12钢耐磨性的影响

利用金相、Ｘ射线、扫描电子显微镜等手段研究了Ｃｒ１２钢中残余奥氏体的形变诱发马氏体相变对耐磨性能的影响，探讨了强化机制．结果表明，Ｃｒ１２钢经１１５０℃淬火得到大量处于变塑状态的残余奥氏体，并在磨损过程中发生形变诱发马氏体相变，使表面硬度和耐磨性显著提高，超过常规的９８０℃淬火．残余奥氏体对耐磨性的强化，为逐层诱发马氏体的循环强化机制．