Quick segmentation for complex curved surface with local geometric feature based on IGES and Open CASCADE

Complex curved surface parts with local geometric feature are usually critical parts in high-end equipments. However, the processing for this kind of parts is usually difficult or inefficient due to the adoption of difficult-to-machine material and special structure. Current approaches cannot satisfy the rapid development of high-end equipments. Due to the existence of the local geometric feature for the parts, processing such parts with constant machining parameters is less applicative, restricting the improvement of machining efficiency. By separating the local geometric feature and generating tool path for the local geometric feature and the remaining processing area separately, the more efficient machining with variable machining parameters will be obtained for the complex curved surface with local geometric feature. In this way, the quick segmentation for the complex curved surface with local geometric feature is of great importance to the NC machining with variable machining parameters for this kind of parts, and a quick segmentation system is developed based on Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) and Open CASCADE (OCC) platform in this study. The complex curved surface model in IGES format is firstly imported into the system and then trimmed into independent surface patches. After computing the feature size of each surface patch, the segmentation for the complex curved surface is achieved by sorting and classifying the surface patches according to their feature sizes. Taking the whole impeller with small splitter blades for an example, the experimental result shows that the segmentation of small splitter blades from the whole impeller is successful and a serialized processing program could be generated, and then the whole impeller could be machined precisely and efficiently with NC equipment. In the machining experiment, it is proved that the machining with various machining parameters can improve the efficiency by 28.18% in the comparison experiment, 20.14% and 12.33% in the estimation. The research provides an important foundation for the high quality and more efficient machining of the complex curved surface with local geometric feature.     

参数估计方法对比研究

为了寻求该参数估计问题的最佳解决方法,设计了一种对比分析平均秩次法和EM算法优劣性的蒙特卡罗仿真方法,以威布尔分布为例,分别用平均秩次法和EM算法进行随机删失数据下参数估计,在不同样本量、不同删失比情况下对比分析两种估计方法计算结果的均方差的大小.仿真结果表明,在不同样本量、删失比和威布尔分布形状参数下的随机删失数据,EM算法的计算结果比平均秩次法更好,结果更加接近真实值.说明在威布尔分布下,EM算法应该被优先采用.     

基于交互相似度的细粒度社群发掘方法

发现在线社交网络中的社群结构有助于深入研究和分析信息传播规律,同时在社会推荐、群体特征发现等应用领域具有重要的意义。但是现有的社群结构发掘方法多忽略了用户之间的社会属性,导致获取的社群结构难以反映细粒度的结构特征。文中将用户的社会属性引入到社群结构发掘算法中。为了衡量用户的社会交互属性,提出了用户交互相似度模型。基于用户交互相似度模型,提出了一种面向在线社交网络的细粒度社群发掘方法。该算法可以有效衡量用户之间的社会属性,通过层次聚类的手段获得不同粒度的社群,并过滤无关数据。为了验证算法的有效性,以社交网站人人网的用户交互记录为数据集,比较了与其他社区挖掘算法的性能差异。实验结果表明,该方法发掘出的细粒度社群具有较高的准确性,在发现社群之间的不同话题上有着较好的应用。     

Experimental Evidence for Seed Metabolic Allometry in Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.)

Seed size is often considered to be an important trait for seed quality, i.e., vigour and germination performance. It is believed that seed size reflects the quantity of reserve material and thus the C and N sources available for post-germinative processes. However, mechanisms linking seed size and quality are poorly documented. In particular, specific metabolic changes when seed size varies are not well-known. To gain insight into this aspect, we examined seed size and composition across different accessions of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) from the genetic core collection. We conducted multi-elemental analyses and isotope measurements, as well as exact mass GC–MS metabolomics. There was a systematic increase in N content (+0.17% N mg⁻¹) and a decrease in H content (–0.14% H mg⁻¹) with seed size, reflecting lower lipid and higher S-poor protein quantity. There was also a decrease in ²H natural abundance (δ²H), due to the lower prevalence of ²H-enriched lipid hydrogen atoms that underwent isotopic exchange with water during seed development. Metabolomics showed that seed size correlates with free amino acid and hexoses content, and anticorrelates with amino acid degradation products, disaccharides, malic acid and free fatty acids. All accessions followed the same trend, with insignificant differences in metabolic properties between them. Our results show that there is no general, proportional increase in metabolite pools with seed size. Seed size appears to be determined by metabolic balance (between sugar and amino acid degradation vs. utilisation for storage), which is in turn likely determined by phloem source metabolite delivery during seed development.     

低应变率下混凝土动态拉伸破坏尺寸效应细观模拟

在混凝土静态破坏尺寸效应方面已取得了较完善的成果,而在动态破坏尺寸效应方面,包括其产生机制及对应的尺寸效应律的研究则非常匮乏。为探讨动态荷载作用下混凝土尺寸效应行为,从细观角度出发,结合混凝土细观结构特征,考虑动态加载下细观组分应变率效应的影响,建立了混凝土破坏行为研究的细观力学分析模型与方法。以双边缺口混凝土试件为例,对其在低应变率（10^-5 s^-1~1 s^-1）下混凝土动态拉伸破坏行为及尺寸效应进行细观数值模拟,并分析了应变率效应对动态破坏尺寸效应的影响。最后,结合应变率效应对强度及尺寸效应的影响规律—“强度增强效应”与“尺寸效应削弱效应”,在静态破坏尺寸效应律的基础上,建立了混凝土拉伸强度的“静动态统一”尺寸效应理论公式,并验证了理论公式的准确性和合理性。     

由小尺寸试件确定混凝土的断裂韧度与拉伸强度

该文利用骨料最大粒径d_max=10 mm,试件高度W依次为60 mm、80 mm、100 mm、140 mm、160 mm,厚度B=40 mm的小尺寸三点弯曲梁试件,来确定无尺寸效应的混凝土断裂韧度K_IC与拉伸强度f_t。区别于现有尺寸效应模型关注于\     

室温下麦粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)及其隐蔽型(D3G)毒素累积分析

为了研究麦粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及其隐蔽型脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇-3-葡萄糖苷（D3G）的累积情况,将禾谷镰刀菌菌株F-1和5035分别人工接种至经高温灭菌、8 k Gy和15 k Gy辐照的麦粒中25℃培养7、14、21、28、35 d后,通过LC-MS/MS方法测定DON和D3G毒素在麦粒中的含量。不同处理的麦粒中DON含量均随培养时间延长逐渐增加;禾谷镰刀菌接种灭菌麦粒及15 k Gy辐照麦粒均未检出D3G毒素;禾谷镰刀菌接种8 k Gy辐照小麦籽粒后检测到隐蔽型毒素D3G,培养7 d时D3G最高且其含量随着培养时间延长逐渐降低;本文使用指数模型拟合25℃下F-1与5035接种麦粒（8 k Gy辐照）中D3G/DON的比值与时间关系的R2分别为0.97、0.93,R2均在0.9以上,说明指数模型能够较好地拟合本实验条件下时间与D3G/DON的比值的变化,为进一步后续研究提供依据。      

线性元时程积分按最大模自适应步长公式的证明

该文对运动方程时程积分解法曾提出一种线性有限元自适应步长求解的算法,给出了按最大模自适应步长的计算公式,其中含有步长h的5/2阶的分数阶次。该文对该公式给出数学证明,并通过单自由度和多自由度的数值算例验证了其5/2分数阶次是最优的。     

多层高速旋转过盈配合圆筒的应力分析及径向尺寸优化设计方法研究

为了完善离心力作用下的多层圆筒过盈配合理论以及得到一定约束条件下较优的过盈配合设计方案,该文首先推导了多层旋转圆筒应力和变形分析解析公式以及多层旋转圆筒过盈配合设计公式,然后基于以上理论,以所定义的旋转圆筒最小安全裕度为适应度函数,采用遗传算法优化名义半径使圆筒的最小安全裕度最大化。根据优化并取整后的名义半径,采用有限元软件(ANSYS Workbench)建立磁悬浮轴承转子三维模型模拟了最大过盈条件下装配过程,并且比较了解析方法与有限元的等效应力结果。研究结果表明：所采用的名义尺寸优化方法提高了旋转圆筒的安全系数,增加了转子的安全性;本文模型中的最外层圆筒内壁为最危险环面,此处有限元方法所得最大等效应力比解析方法结果高18.72%,仅采用解析方法预测结果时应适当提高校核安全系数;所给出的解析方法与数值分析方法所得结果总体结果吻合良好,因此所提解析方法可以用于多层旋转圆筒的过盈配合初步设计、分析以及提供理论指导。     

含天然结构面中粒砂岩破裂过程中的声发射特征研究

为了研究含结构面中粒砂岩破裂过程中的声发射特征,以补连塔煤矿22307工作面基本顶砂岩为研究对象,分别对完整中粒砂岩和含结构面中粒砂岩进行直接拉伸、直接剪切和单轴压缩试验,分析了在试验过程中天然结构面对其声发射特征的影响。试验结果表明：直接拉伸试验过程中,结构面对声发射特征的影响较显著,完整中粒砂岩的声发射峰值计数是含结构面中粒砂岩的13.5倍,含结构面中粒砂岩的声发射累计计数是完整中粒砂岩的3.2倍;直接剪切试验过程中,结构面对声发射特征也存在一定的影响,完整中粒砂岩的声发射峰值计数和累计计数分别是含结构面中粒砂岩的2.4倍和0.5倍;单轴压缩试验过程中,结构面对声发射特征基本没有影响,声发射峰值计数和累计计数基本没有变化。