对加工中心自动换刀装置换刀时间的探讨

文章简单介绍了ATC结构以及目前市场上ATC换刀时间的不一致局面,对现有加工中心ATC换刀时间的评定方法做了综合论述,适应ATC的模块化趋势,提出给出ATC独立换刀时间以及刀对刀时间结合切削对切削、辅助位置对位置的换刀时间评定办法.     

Effect of surface coating on the screw loosening of dental abutment screws

Regardless of the type of performed restoration, in most cases, a screw connection is employed between the abutment and implant. For this reason, implant screw loosening has remained a problem in restorative practices. The purpose of this study was to compare the surface of coated/plated screws with titanium and gold alloy screws and to evaluate the physical properties of coated/plated material after scratch tests via FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy) investigation. GoldTite, titanium screws provided by 3i (Implant Innovation, USA) and TorqTite, titanium screws by Steri-Oss (Nobel Biocare, USA) and gold screws and titanium screws by AVANA (Osstem Implant, Korea) were selected for this study. The surface, crest, and root of the abutment screws were observed by FE-SEM. A micro-diamond needle was also prepared for the scratch test. Each abutment screw was fixed, and a scratch on the surface of the head region was made at constant load and thereafter the fine trace was observed with FE-SEM. The surface of GoldTite was smoother than that of other screws and it also had abundant ductility and malleability compared with titanium and gold screws. The scratch tests also revealed that teflon particles were exfoliated easily in the screw coated with teflon. The titanium screw had rough surface and low ductility. The clinical use of gold-plated screws is recommended as a means of preventing screw loosening.     

A study on corrosion resistance characteristics of PVD Cr-N coated steels by electrochemical method

The corrosion behavior of Cr-N coated steels with different phases (-Cr, CrN and Cr₂N) deposited by cathodic arc deposition on AISI H13 steel was investigated in a 3.5% NaCl solution at ambient temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were the techniques applied to characterize the corrosion behavior. It was found that the CrN coating had a lower current density from potentiodynamic polarization tests than others. The porosity, corresponding to the ratio of the polarization resistance of the uncoated and the coated substrate, was higher in the Cr₂N coating than in the other Cr-N coated steels. EIS measurements showed, for most of the Cr-N coated steels, that the Bode plot presented two time constants. Also, the Cr₂N coating represented the characteristic of Warburg behavior after 72 h of immersion. The coating morphologies were examined in planar view and cross-section by SEM analysis and the results were compared with those of the electrochemical measurement. The CrN coating had a dense, columnar grain-sized microstructure with minor intergranular porosity. From the above results, it is concluded that the CrN coating provided a better corrosion protection than the other Cr-N coated steels.     

超精密传动系统电机驱动器系统性能测试

文章介绍了基于扭轮摩擦传动机构的超精密传动系统的基本结构,设计并分析了电机驱动器测试系统及其工作原理,论述了电机-驱动器系统静态性能和动态性能的测试原理和评估方法.在静态条件下可以直接比较输入和输出数值,在动态条件下应排除时滞影响,分析输出和输入数值的随机偏差.分析了静态性能和动态性能的评估方法和评价条件公式,并在所设计的测试系统上对电机驱动器系统进行了测试,根据实验数据得出该系统静态和动态性能优良的结论并测量了电机-驱动器系统的滞后时间常数.     

焊接结构应力松弛开裂模拟试验研究

利用Ｇｌｅｅｂｌｅ模拟试验机进行了一种新的不等温应力松弛试验来考察两种低合金钢的焊后应力松弛开裂敏感性。该试验方法以热膨胀量补偿法模拟整个去应力处理（包括加热和保温）中与应力松弛开裂产生过程吻合的应力—温度条件。试验获得了一种连续加热断裂时间—温度“Ｃ”曲线及不等温应力松弛塑性的新概念，并定量测出了材料在此过程中的应力松弛塑性及其与温度的关系。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of pulsed DC magnetron sputtered nanocomposite Cr-Cu-N thin films

The nanocomposite Cr-Cu-N thin films have been deposited at a substrate temperature of 250 °C by a bipolar asymmetric pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering process. Different Cu contents ranging from 0.4 to 14.9 at.% were achieved. The structures of Cr-Cu-N thin films were analyzed by XRD. The surface and cross sectional morphologies of thin films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanoindentation and scratch tests were adopted to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings. The influences of Cu content on the structure, mechanical and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings were explored. It is observed that the columnar structure no longer exists when the Cu content exceeds 10.9 at.%. The stability of CrN phase in the coating is influenced by the Cu content. The scratching coefficient of thin films decreases with increasing Cu content. Sufficient adhesion and tribological properties of Cr-Cu-N coatings are achieved. The maximum average hardness around 20 GPa and scratching coefficient around 0.1 are found in the coatings with around 2.1 to 2.6 at.% Cu in this work.     

钻杆环缝数控自动焊机

研制的钻杆环缝数控自动机焊为全自动的数控焊机。用于钻杆与两端法兰的内外共4条环缝的焊接。工件的上料、定位、夹紧、内外焊枪的到位、内外焊枪的焊接、自动排列焊道各层各道的焊接工艺参数的改变等均能自动进行。不同管径和不同壁厚采用的各种焊接参数都可在人机界面上预置。采用富氩混合气体保护焊工艺方法，焊缝美观，性能优良，几乎没有飞溅。经大量的生产实践证明该钻杆环缝数控自动焊机焊接质量好，生产效率高。     

Si复合Al2O3-SiC材料热机械性能的研究

通过应力-应变关系、高温抗折强度等高温试验，研究了金属硅复合Al2O3-SiC材料的热机械性能，结合SEM和XRD，对金属硅复合Al2O3-SiC材料高温显微结构和物相进行分析。结果表明：金属硅作为一个组元，不仅能缓解Al2O3-SiC材料由于热膨胀系数不匹配产生的内应力，而且使Al2O3-SiC材料兼具有金属塑性的特点，从而改善了Al2O3-SiC无机材料热机械性能。     

真空助力器带制动主缸变液压输出耐久性测试系统的设计与应用

介绍了基于USB2828数据采集卡的真空助力器带制动主缸耐久性试验测试系统,具体阐述了在制动主缸输出液压不断变化的情况下进行耐久性测试的实现方法。该测试系统完全不同于汽车行业标准规定的试验方法,具有一定的创新性。实践结果表明该系统运行稳定可靠,输入力控制精准,液压和真空数据采集实时,可以满足各合资品牌乘用车主机厂对真空助力器带制动主缸耐久性试验的要求。     

计算机辅助插销试验裂纹评定系统的研制

播销试验是评估金属材料焊接裂纹倾向的试验方法。为了提高该试验方法的可靠性、精度和自动化程度。研制了一个以PCL-818LS数据采集卡为核心的计算机辅助智控系统。通过大量冷裂纹和再热裂纹插销试验表明，整个系统的可靠性和精度能满足试验要求。