Retrospective memory bias for the frequency of potentially traumatic events: A prospective study.

We conducted a prospective study that tracked the frequency of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and nontraumatic events among college students over a 4-year period using a weekly web-based survey. At the study's completion, participants attempted to recall the number of events they had endorsed on the web surveys. Although participants underrecalled the frequency of all types of life events, recollection was more accurate for PTEs than for non-PTEs. Recalled-frequency of PTEs was associated positively with distress at recall and inversely with trait self-enhancement. These effects were qualified by a distress × self-enhancement interaction. High distress at recall was associated with a greater recalled-frequency of PTEs, but only for people low in trait self-enhancement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

新型驱动相位控制技术提高硅微机械陀螺仪稳定性的方法

为了增强硅微机械陀螺仪的零偏稳定性,减少其受温度的影响,从数字信号处理的角度提出了一种提高驱动模态驱动相位精确度的方法.通过零偏信号生成的原理,分析出驱动相位的偏差是影响其性能的主要因素.采用基于FPGA数字信号处理实现方式的锁相环闭环控制原理,实现了对驱动相位的精确控制.给出了一种抑制相位误差的解调方法.对比模拟电路,新型数字电路很好地抑制了零偏的漂移,零偏稳定性由60°/h提高到19°/h.新的数字控制方法显著提高了对驱动相位的控制精度,达到了增强零偏稳定性的目的.     

Employment Discrimination: The Role of Implicit Attitudes, Motivation, and a Climate for Racial Bias.

This study is an attempt to replicate and extend research on employment discrimination by A. P. Brief and colleagues (A. P. Brief, J. Dietz, R. R. Cohen, S. D. Pugh, & J. B. Vaslow, 2000). More specifically, the authors attempted (a) to constructively replicate the prior finding that an explicit measure of modern racism would interact with a corporate climate for racial bias to predict discrimination in a hiring context and (b) to extend this finding through the measurement of implicit racist attitudes and motivation to control prejudice. Although the authors were unable to replicate the earlier interaction, they did illustrate that implicit racist attitudes interacted with a climate for racial bias to predict discrimination. Further, results partially illustrate that motivation to control prejudice moderates the relationship between explicit and implicit attitudes. Taken together, the findings illustrate the differences between implicit and explicit racial attitudes in predicting discriminatory behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

非球面拼接测量中偏置误差修正模型

为解决非球面拼接测量时两子孔径重叠区精确拟合问题,根据波像差理论推导了子孔径干涉测量二次曲面偏置误差与运动自由度之间的函数关系,通过分析得出了偏置误差的作用表现形式与Seidle像差相一致的结论,据此建立了定位机构偏置误差修正模型,提出了一种精确拼接测量二次曲面的像差修正方法,该方法利用最小二乘拟合获得拼接系数,可得到孔径间偏置误差估计值,并可在模型中修正高阶系统像差,提高孔径间重叠区拟合精确度.实验表明,该方法拼接精度高于传统校准三方向调整误差拼接法.     

Concreteness training reduces dysphoria: Proof-of-principle for repeated cognitive bias modification in depression.

A tendency toward abstract and overgeneral processing is a cognitive bias hypothesized to causally contribute to symptoms of depression. This hypothesis predicts that training dysphoric individuals to become more concrete and specific in their thinking would reduce depressive symptoms. To test this prediction, 60 participants with dysphoria were randomly allocated either to (a) concreteness training; (b) bogus concreteness training, matched with concreteness training for treatment rationale, experimenter contact, and treatment duration but without active engagement in concrete thinking; (c) a waiting-list, no training control. Concreteness training resulted in significantly greater decreases in depressive symptoms and significantly greater increases in concrete thinking than the waiting-list and the bogus training control, and significantly greater decreases in rumination than the waiting-list control. These findings suggest that concreteness training has potential as a guided self-help intervention for mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

CCD信号处理电路偏置漂移校正

为抑制CCD相机信号处理电路中由温度等原因引起的偏置漂移对图像质量造成的影响,提出了一种基于反馈的近实时偏置漂移校正方法。为了获得偏置在整个链路中的变化情况,对整个信号处理链路进行了分析;设计了两种数字低通滤波器,分别对获得的暗像元数据进行滤波;根据工程经验并辅以计算给出校正算法的有关参数;校正图像偏置漂移并对输出的图像进行比较分析。实验结果表明,在可变增益放大器增益为1.8的条件下,使用12 bit精度的模/数转换器时偏置稳定在10个码值以下,基本满足精度高、稳定性好及抗干扰的要求。     

雷达低仰角偏轴跟踪测量偏差补偿算法的改进研究

由于多径回波信号的干扰,严重影响了单脉冲测角体制雷达对低仰角目标俯仰角的测量,并使其对低仰角目标俯仰角的闭环跟踪测量实现极为困难;通过对多路径反射环境模型分析,同时考虑镜面反射和漫反射的干扰,得出了单脉冲雷达低仰角跟踪时俯仰角测量误差的产生原因,用传统的多目标分辨算法(C~2算法)弥补偏差补偿算法在目标飞行高度很低(5 m以下)时和距离近时补偿效果较差的不足;在给定的测量环境下对不同高度目标进行了仿真,得到良好的仿真结果,表明两种算法结合使用,可较大地提高低仰角目标偏轴跟踪俯仰角的测量精度。     

基于FPGA的硅微陀螺仪零偏温度补偿系统的研究

介绍了温度对硅微陀螺仪的零偏的影响机理,通过温度实验得知零偏随温度变化成复杂的非线性关系,并用最小二乘法拟合出了零偏在～40℃～80℃随温度变化的数学表达式;以FPGA芯片为主要器件设计了零偏温度补偿系统,并进行了温度实验测试,测试结果表明补偿效果明显。     

基于卷积神经网络的偏色光下植物图像分割方法

为了解决传统图像分割算法在植物工厂中偏色光植物图像上分割精确度不高、泛化性能差的问题,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络,并结合深度学习技术,对人工偏色光下植物图像进行精确分割的方法。采用该方法,最终在偏色光植物图像原始测试集上达到了91.89%的分割精确度,远超全卷积网络、聚类、阈值、区域生长等分割算法。此外,在不同色光之下的植物图片上进行测试,该方法也较上述其他分割算法有着更好的分割效果和泛化性能。实验结果表明,所提方法能够显著提高偏色光下植物图像分割的精确度,可以应用于实际的植物工厂工程项目当中。     

地中直流对交流变压器的影响与防范

直流输电系统采用单极大地回路方式运行时,部分入地电流可能会通过毗邻的中性点接地的变压器,形成直流偏磁,从而影响变压器本身乃至整个系统的安全运行。分析了对造成直流偏磁的原理及其对变压器所造成的影响,提出了相关的防范措施,其中一些措施已在工程实际中应用,并取得了良好的效果。