基于主应力删除准则的ESO法及其应用

为促进渐进结构优化（Evolutionary Structure Optimization,ESO）法在桥梁找型方面的应用,阐述基于主应力删除准则ESO法的基本原理,研究不同M值对优化结果的影响,并建议在应用该法进行拓扑优化时取M≥10.应用基于拉应力占优删除准则的ESO法分析高跨比对缆索支承桥形式的影响,结果表明：当高跨比大于等于1/7时缆索支承桥的最优形式为斜拉桥;当高跨比低于1/7时最优形式为悬索桥.     

视景建模中树木纹理图像的随机变形网格方法

目的 视景建模中,采用“公告板”贴图法对同树种不同个体树建模时,需生成各种形态各异的树木纹理图像,为此提出一种新的生成树木纹理图像的随机变形网格方法。方法 首先将树木的原始纹理图像进行网格划分,再对网格顶点进行随机变形,最后将生成的不规则网格中的图像映射到新图像中相应的规则网格上,得到变形后的纹理图像。结果 应用随机参数控制树木图像的变形,模拟出成长环境因素对树木形态的影响。本文方法比采集多幅个体树图像贴图方法更简便,容易实现;比用同一幅图像进行多个个体贴图的视觉效果更真实。结论 本文方法生成的树木纹理图像应用于“公告板”贴图时,在视景模型中能较好地模拟出同一树种的多个个体树情景。该方法基于图像的局部变形,仍然保持原始图像内容的整体基本形态和内部结构的连续性,因此,同样适用于其他不规则形状的自然景物(如山峦、河流、海浪等)的图像处理。     

层状淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响分析

本文研究了不同厚度淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响以及一定厚度层状淤沙的不同分布形式对混凝土重力坝的地震响应的影响。基于饱和多孔液固两相介质的压力波动方程,设层状淤沙各层厚度不同,将层状淤沙分为三种不同分布形式,在每种分布形式每层的物理参数相同和物理参数不同两种情况下,确定了淤沙对混凝土重力坝地震响应的影响大小。通过算例分析表明,相同物理性质不同的分布形式对地震响应的影响不显著,而不同的分布形式对坝体的地震响应影响较大。     

Study of a Class of Almost‐controllable Discrete‐time Bilinear Systems

This paper studies the controllability of a class of time‐invariant discrete‐time bilinear systems. Although the system is not controllable in the whole space, there is a very large region where control is effective. Results show that the uncontrollable region of this kind of bilinear system has a Lebesgue measure of zero. In other words, for almost any initial state and any terminal state in the state space, the former can be transferred to the latter. Further, a necessary condition for near controllability is presented. Therefore, the results in this paper unify and generalize the corresponding conclusions in the literature. ©2014 Chinese Automatic Control Society and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd     

Short‐Time Linear Quadratic Form Technique for Estimating Fast‐Varying Parameters in Feedback Loops

The precision of a closed‐loop controller system designed for an uncertain plant depends strongly upon the maximum extent to which it is possible to track the trend of time‐varying parameters of the plant. The aim of this study is to describe a new parameter estimation algorithm that is able to follow fast‐varying parameters in closed‐loop systems. The short‐time linear quadratic form (STLQF) estimation algorithm introduced in this paper is a technique for tracking time‐varying parameters based on short‐time analysis of the regressing variables in order to minimize locally a linear quadratic form cost function. The established cost function produces a linear combination of errors with several delays. To meet this objective, mathematical development of the STLQF estimation algorithm is described. To implement the STLQF algorithm, the algorithm is applied to a planar mobile robot with fast‐varying parameters of inertia and viscous and coulomb frictions. Next, performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed against noise effects and variation in the type of parameters.     

Nonlinear Gains Recursive Sliding Mode Dynamic Surface Control with Integral Action

In this paper, by introducing a function with nonlinear gains and developing sliding surfaces with integral action in the dynamic surface control (DSC) recursive procedure, a novel DSC strategy is proposed. The drawbacks of conventional DSC methods, such as being sensitive to the design constant of the first order low‐pass filter and being unable to achieve zero steady‐state error for step reference signal, are overcome. Moreover, improvement of transient performance and reduction of control effort can be obtained. The stability analysis shows that the proposed new approach can guarantee semi‐global uniform ultimate boundedness (SGUUB) of all closed‐loop signals and that the ultimate tracking error bound in regulation can be made arbitrarily small.     

大盈江水电站调压井混凝土滑模施工

由于液压滑升模板外形复杂、有横向联系,预埋件多、钢筋密集的结构,使滑模工艺受到限制.大盈江水电站调压井、检修闸门井及通气孔混凝土539 m高程以下采用常规立模方法浇筑,539 m高程以上采用液压整体滑升模板施工,滑升速度控制在2.0 m/d.     

合肥市区周边地表水体形态磷的研究

选取合肥市周边代表性的地表水体董铺水库、天鹅湖、翡翠湖为研究对象,运用地表水和污水监测技术规范中的标准方法,对3个水体的TP、DTP、PP、DIP、DOP进行监测,并做了初步研究和分析。结果表明,天鹅湖水体中总磷的平均浓度为O,102mg／L,符合V类标准要求,水体中磷主要以DTP和DOP的形式存在,TP—DIP显著正相关;董铺水库总磷的平均浓度为0．031mg／L,达到Ⅲ类标准,磷主要以DTP和DIP的形式存在,其中TP与DTP之间高度显著正相关;翡翠湖水体中总磷的平均浓度为0．060meCL,达到IV类标准,水体中磷主要以ADTP的形式存在,其@TP与PP之间显著正相关,PP在该湖泊中占有重要的地位。     

Excel数据处理在教学工作中的应用

很多教师在日常办公中对Excel强大数据处理功能不够了解,仍然用比较传统的方法来处理数据,使得工作效率大打折扣。本文通过几个典型实例来展现EXCEL处理表格数据的强大功能,合理利用EXCEL确实能提高我们的工作效率。     

薪酬管理系统设计与实现

用PowerBuilder8．0中的OLE技术对Excel表格中的工资、奖金数据进行验证并导入数据库,对薪酬数据进行汇总、分析,为领导的决策提供依据,使薪酬制度更加合理规范,从而调动员工的积极性与创造性。