基于交叉皮质模型的单幅图像阴影检测算法

图像中含有阴影区域对后续处理任务影响较大, 根据阴影特性, 提出基于交叉皮质模型(Intersecting cortical model, ICM)的单幅图像阴影检测算法. 通过在点火连接矩阵构造上考虑邻域像素值依赖关系, 融入局部二值模式(Local binary pattern, LBP)表征的纹理信息形成了Te-ICM模型. 根据阴影检测流程,利用模型迭代特性, 通过设计停止条件自动检测本影, 在本影修复后生成附着半影. 同时优化模型参数, 设计了基于分层聚类直方图划分的阈值下降策略. 仿真结果表明: 对于典型影像集, Te-ICM模型及相应参数设计可以较好地实现阴影检测, 输出阴影掩模准确度高, 为后续阴影去除提供了基础.     

二元混合氯化盐的配制及热物性研究

在太阳能热发电技术中,硝酸盐类相变材料是使用最多的一种相变材料,但其最高使用温度仅为600 ℃,因此找到一种热容量大、工作温度范围宽、热损失低、价格便宜的相变储热材料是目前的研究重点。选取氯化锂和氯化钠两种高温熔盐相变材料按照不同的质量比混合制备了9种二元熔盐混合物,利用差式扫描量热仪（DSC）对其在600 ℃范围内的相变温度和相变潜热进行了研究。实验结果显示：由于氯化钠的熔点较高,当氯化锂和氯化钠的二元混合物中氯化钠的含量较多时,即氯化锂的含量较少时,少量的氯化锂不能将混合物的熔点降低至600 ℃以下,混合材料无法熔化;当氯化钠和氯化锂发生熔融时,无论何种比例其相变温度均保持在540 ℃左右,浮动±15 ℃;以质量配比为90%氯化锂-10%氯化钠的二元混合物的熔融温度与结晶温度相差较大,所以该二元混合熔盐可以应用于太阳能发电的传热和蓄热技术中。     

深共熔溶剂-水混合物同步提取红景天苷和酪醇的响应面优化及其分离回收

以深共熔溶剂-水混合物（LAEG40）作为提取溶剂，红景天苷提取率为主要指标，酪醇提取率为辅助指标，在前期单因素实验的基础上，利用响应面法考察了液料比、提取温度、提取时间三个主要因素对红景天中红景天苷和酪醇同步提取的影响。得到的最佳提取条件为: 液料比12.05:1(mL/g)，提取温度60 ℃，提取时间35 min。在此条件下LAEG40对红景天苷的提取率可达到19.3552?0.6604 mg/g，酪醇提取率可达到1.7211?0.0585 mg/g，远高于传统溶剂水、乙醇对红景天苷和酪醇的提取率。为实现LAEG40提取红景天苷和酪醇的回收，进行了大孔树脂吸附分离的研究。经过一系列优化，获得的最佳吸附分离条件为：选用SP-825树脂装柱，每10g树脂上样30 mL LAEG40提取液，洗脱剂选用80 %乙醇，洗脱体积40 mL，洗脱流速1 mL/min，在此条件下红景天苷和酪醇的回收率分别可达60.47 %和85.07 %。     

基于局部重要性采样的SAR图像纹理特征提取方法

合成孔径雷达（Synthetic aperture radar,SAR）图像因为相干斑现象和目标响应的空间变化呈现出一种纹理特性,局部二进编码等局部图像特征 在光学纹理描述中获得较好的结果,但光学纹理特征在描述SAR图像纹理特性中因为相干成像特性往往失效. 本文 在前期工作纹理特征框架的基础上,提出了一种局部重要性采样二进编码的SAR图像纹理特征（Feature extraction based on local important sampling binary,LISBF）描述方法:首先,利用样本图像对局部采样位 置进行随机自适应采样,基于重要性采样（Important sample,IS）方法输出递归学习位置结果;然后,利用学习出的纹理重要采样点对进 行二进特征编码;最后,通过映射和统计生成描述算子. 该特征较固定位置采样能够获取更大范围信息,同时能通 过采样避免特征维数的急剧增大;通过自适应学习重要性关键点较随机采样 更容易捕捉纹理固有信息;较好地适应了SAR图像极低信噪比和斑点现象的纹理. 本文将该特征用于真实图像和标准纹理库的分类研究,实验结果证明了该特征的有效性.     

A binary approximating method for graspable region determination of biped climbing robots

For a biped pole-climbing robot (BiPCR) with grippers, it is an essential demand to determine the target grasp configuration for climbing and transiting between poles, with the graspable region as a priori knowledge. The graspable region on the target pole is critically important for climbing path planning and motion control. To efficiently compute the graspable region for a BiPCR, we propose a novel binary approximating method in this paper. This method may also be applied to generate the three-dimensional (3-D) workspace of a manipulator with constant orientation. The grasping problem and the concept of graspable region for a BiPCR are first introduced. The binary approximating method and the corresponding algorithms are then presented to generate the graspable region. Additional constraints on a biped climbing robot with five degrees of freedom (DoFs) are presented as a supplement to the algorithm. A series of comprehensive simulations are conducted with the five-DoF and six-DoF climbing robots to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the dexterity of biped climbing robots with different DoFs is discussed.     

折半查找算法在电子会议系统调试中的应用

关联性故障代表单元的查找定位是电子会议系统调试的关键环节。为了提高查找定位效率,提出了一种基于折半查找的快速定位算法。通过对电子会议系统中干线上的代表单元可靠度的分析,把代表单元的故障情况转化成随着代表单元数量动态变化的量化数据,构成一组有序的可靠度数据,将工程调试问题转化成数据分析问题,引入折半查找算法,设计高效准确定位故障代表单元的算法,并进行了算法效率分析。该方法操作简单,无需借助特殊工具即可应用于复杂环境下电子会议系统的现场调试。     

对边缘不突出的显微镜影像进行边缘特征提取与Hough直线检测

文章主要介绍如何对边缘不突出的显微镜进行边缘特征提取与Hough直线检测,其中涉及到数字图像处理中的边缘检测、图像二值化及Hough直线检测算法。     

自适应二进制算术编码的动态可重构实现研究

针对H.266/VVC视频编码标准下的上下文自适应二进制算术编码器编码速度慢、资源开销大的问题,面向可重构结构依据算法的内在并行特性优化了编码架构,并基于动态可重构阵列处理器设计实现了CABAC编码器常规编码模式下的并行映射方法,阵列结构能够根据编码输入对优化后的算法进行动态重构,在避免专用硬件编码器较高的资源开销情况下利用软件重构的方法实现熵编码过程,保证编码准确性的同时提高了视频数据流编码效率,为此类运算密集型算法的硬件实现提供了更为灵活高效的参考途径。仿真结果表明,映射实现的编码过程中每个编码周期完成5个二进制序列的编码,平均编码效率达到384.13Mbin/s。基于FPGA的测试结果表明,软件重构方法与专用硬件实现的编码器相比,资源开销降低且编码效率提升5.47%,与同类型可重构视频编码结构相比,编码效率提升7.03%。     

Polymorphic behavior of gondoic acid and phase behavior of its binary mixtures with asclepic acid and oleic acid

Molecular properties of polymorphic forms of gondoic acid [cis-C_20:1Δ11ω9 (GOA)] have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy, and Raman scattering, in comparison to those of six principal unsaturated fatty acids: oleic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ9ω9 (OA)], erucic acid [cis-C_22:1Δ13ω9 (ERA)], petroselinic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ6ω12 (PSA)], asclepic acid [cis-C_18:1Δ11ω7 (APA)], palmitoleic acid [cis-C_16:1Δ9ω7 (POA)], and elaidic acid [trans-C_18:1Δ9ω9 (ELA)]. In addition, phase behavior of binary mixtures of GOA and APA and OA was examined by XRD and DSC. The polymorphic structures of GOA are quite similar to those of APA, ERA, POA, and partly to OA. In particular, DSC and Raman scattering studies have shown that gondoic acid exhibits conformational disordering on heating at the ω-chain, a chain segment between the double bond and CH₃ group, as a transition from all-trans (γ form) to gauche-rich (α form) conformations. A miscible mixing phase was observed in the mixture of GOA and APA, yet eutectic phases were observed in the GOA and OA mixtures. This is a remarkable contrast because the binary mixture systems of varying combinations of cis-unsaturated fatty acids examined so far exhibited either eutectic nature or molecular compound formation. It is expected that specific molecular interactions between GOA and APA that originate from the equivalence of the length of the Δ-chain, the chain segment between the cis-double bond and COOH group, and also from the presence of the γ-α order-disorder transformation would be operating to form the miscible mixing phase.