The use of biomass and stillage recycle in conventional ethanol fermentation

Modifications of the conventional ethanol fermentation process using biomass and stillage recycle were investigated and the advantages of the technique were studied. The biomass recycle method resulted in a reduction in the use of approximately 8% raw material (molasses). The recycle of 15–70% of stillage (dealcoholised) from a previous fermentation was also tested successfully. Generally the results of these experiments revealed 13–47% less water consumption and consequently about 13–47% reduction of stillage volume, which was more economical for further treatments.     

Green and Highly-Efficient Microwave Synthesis Route for Sulfur/Carbon Composite for Li-S Battery

Multiporous carbons (MPCs) are prepared using ZnO as a hard template and biomass pyrolysis oil as the carbon source. It is shown that the surface area, pore volume, and mesopore/micropore ratio of the as-prepared MPCs can be easily controlled by adjusting the ZnO/oil ratio. Sulfur/MPC (S/MPC) composite is prepared by blending sulfur powder with the as-prepared MPCs followed by microwave heating at three different powers (100 W/200 W/300 W) for 60 s. The unique micro/mesostructure characteristics of the resulting porous carbons not only endow the S/MPC composite with sufficient available space for sulfur storage, but also provide favorable and efficient channels for Li-ions/electrons transportation. When applied as the electrode material in a lithium-ion battery (LIB), the S/MPC composite shows a reversible capacity (about 500 mAh g⁻¹) and a high columbic efficiency (>95%) after 70 cycles. Overall, the method proposed in this study provides a simple and green approach for the rapid production of MPCs and S/MPC composite for high-performance LIBs.     

新型液体燃料5-乙氧基甲基糠醛的催化转化研究进展

5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（5-ethoxymethylfurfural,EMF）是一种替代化石能源的潜在液体燃料,近年来EMF的合成引起了国内外科研人员的广泛关注。本文综述了EMF转化合成的生物质原料、均相和非均相催化转化体系的研究进展,对比了单相与双相溶剂的作用效果,以期为EMF的合成与生物质转化利用提供科学依据。最后,对EMF的合成策略及工业化生产进行展望。     

高生物量酿酒酵母DW-AQJM-38发酵优化研究

研究了高生物量酿酒酵母DW-AQJM-38摇瓶最佳发酵培养基及培养条件,通过单因子优化碳源、无机盐,均匀设计优化氮源,正交设计优化最佳发酵培养基,单因子优化转速、装液量、接种量等发酵条件,优化补糖工艺,得出:最佳发酵培养基配方(%):红糖2.1,大豆蛋白胨1.7,酵母膏0.5,磷酸二氢钾0.3,硫酸镁0.05,无水氯化钙0.015,pH6.5-7.0.发酵培养条件:培养温度:30℃,接种量:5%或10%,种子接种时间:16～17h,装液量:30mL/500mL,转速:200 r/min,补糖策略:自发酵10h开始补糖,补糖量2.5%,每隔3 h补糖1次,直至16h,发酵时间:21 h,生物量50.0g/L,活菌数达4.5×109 cfu/mL.     

人工快速渗滤系统渗滤介质性质及其对氨氮去除能力的影响

文章通过对不同渗滤层中生物量、有机质、CEC(总阳离子交换容量)和对氨氮去除效果间关系的分析来讨论人工快速渗滤系统去除氨氮的机理.     

DTG combustion behaviour of charcoals

In this paper, data are reported for the behaviour of some charcoals during combustion and devolatilization in a thermal analyser.     

生物质制备乙酰丙酸的研究进展

介绍了生物质制备乙酰丙酸的生产工艺、催化剂类型和分离提纯方法,旨在全面了解以生物质为原料制备乙酰丙酸的研究进展.     

生物质气化中焦油的转化方法

介绍了生物质气化除燃气中焦油的普通方法和催化裂解法，以及各方法的优缺点。重点叙述了各种催化剂在焦油转化过程的效用和特点。     

生物质致密成型技术研究进展

生物质能源是可再生能源的重要组成部分,生物质致密成型是生物质能源化最直接、最简单的利用方式.针对生物质致密成型技术的原料、工艺和设备,详细介绍了国内外生物质致密成型技术的研究现状.结合中国的实际情况,说明了目前生物质致密成型技术存在的问题并提出了未来的研究方向.分析表明,相关研究应在充分了解不同种类生物质的原料特性的基础上优化生产工艺和设备,从而降低成型能耗、增加设备寿命、提高制品品质.     

生物质酚醛泡沫塑料的研究进展

生物质酚醛泡沫塑料发展迅速,正受到国内外的广泛关注.综述了生物质在酚醛泡沫中的最新研究进展,重点介绍了腰果壳油、单宁和木质素在酚醛泡沫中的应用及其泡沫的性能.指出生物质的引入引起树脂黏度增加,并对生物质酚醛泡沫塑料的应用前景做了展望.