掺锑氧化锡纳米粉体的制备与表征

以SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3为原料,NH3为共沉淀剂,在表面活性剂存在下,采用室温固相法制备锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)纳米粉体。探讨了掺锑量、表面活性剂对ATO粉体性能的影响。运用IR、XRD、TEM、比表面仪(BET)等对ATO粉体进行了表征。结果表明,当锑掺杂量为12.3%时,ATO纳米粉体具有最小电阻率,为3.36Ω·cm,ATO粉体为四方晶红石结构,颗粒形状为近似球形,粒度均匀,一次粒径为10 nm左右。     

Nonepitaxial Orientation in Sol–Gel Bismuth Titanate Films

Control over crystallographic orientation in ceramic thin films is important for highly anisotropic structures. Layered perovskites, like Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, have interesting properties associated with their ferroelectric nature, which may be fully exploited only when films are highly textured. Textured films of this titanate were fabricated via a sol–gel technique without using epitaxial growth. Orientation in the film is confirmed by XRD and SEM, and supported by refractive index and dielectric measurements. In an attempt to explain the orienting effect, light scattering experiments were conducted to yield information about the molecular size, shape, and conformation of macromolecules as the sol–gel solution ages and condensation reactions proceed. These experiments clearly show an increase in the size of molecular clusters with time. We believe that it is the organization of these large clusters during spin coating, and the relationship of the backbone chemistry to the crystal structure of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, that are responsible for the observed orientation.     

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Sillenite Compound—Bi12(B0.5P0.5)O20

A new sillenite compound, Bi₁₂(B_0.5P_0.5)O₂₀, was synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. The stoichiometry was confirmed by XRD analyses, microstructural investigations, and quantitative elemental analysis. An investigation of the dielectric properties at frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 MHz revealed a broad, highly frequency-dispersive, relaxor-like dielectric anomaly, which appeared in the temperature range of −80°–100°C. The permittivity, Q × f value, and temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency, measured at ∼5.5 GHz, were determined to be 37.4, 850 GHz, and −19 ppm/K, respectively.     

Formation of Zinc–Antimony-Based Spinel Phases

Formation of spinel phases in ZnO–Sb₂O₃and ZnO–Sb₂O₃–Bi₂O₃systems is studied by the use of X-ray diffraction. The formation of nonstoichiometric Zn_2.33Sb_0.67O₄phase is observed in both the systems at ∼900°C. However, in these systems, at higher temperatures ( T ≥ 1100°C), formation of the inverse spinel phase Zn₇Sb₂O₁₂is observed. The study has been extended to understand the effect of CrO₃doping on the stability of the different spinel phases in the previously mentioned systems. Interestingly, in both the systems, samples doped with CrO₃, displayed the presence of Zn_2.33Sb_0.67O₄phase <1200°C, indicating the stabilization of the spinel phase by CrO₃.     

卤-锑协同阻燃机理研究进展

详细论述了卤－锑阻燃协同体系的阻燃机同机理，以及卤－锑阻燃机理方面的研究新进展。     

亚硝酸盐的光催化氧化

利用半导体光催化剂Bi2O3 对含亚硝酸盐废水的处理进行了研究，并讨论了影响亚硝酸盐氧化率的主要因素，实验结果表明：选择活性较高的Bi2O3作为光催化剂，当其用量为0.050g，试液PH=3.70,NO2^--N起始浓度为400.0mg/L，光照1h时，亚硝酸盐的氧化率达到97.0%。     

锑在正丙醇水溶液中的析相绿色萃取分离和富集研究

在氯化钠存在下,正丙醇水溶液能够分为醇/水两相,在分相过程中,SbCl6-与罗丹明B(RhB)生成的[SbCl6-][RhB+]三元缔合物能被正丙醇相完全萃取。使Sb5+与Ru3+、Ag+、Cr3+、Cu2+、Mg2+、Fe3+、Ni 2+和Co2+完全分离。该法在微量锑的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。     

玻璃表面用纳米ATO透明涂层的隔热性能研究

以双组分水性聚氨酯为成膜剂,加入纳米氧化锡锑（ATO）,以蒸馏水为溶剂,制备了纳米ATO双组分水性聚氨酯隔热透明涂料。将制得的涂料涂覆在玻璃上,测试在可见光区和红外光区的透过率以及对隔热性能的影响,比较了不同固化工艺对涂层力学性能的影响。结果表明：制得的纳米ATO透明隔热涂膜对玻璃附着力好,温差可达7．3℃,可见光透过率达85％上,具有良好的隔热效果和足够的可见光区透明度,节能效果显著。     

Bi2WO6花瓣状微球的无助剂合成及其光催化性能

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Na2WO4·2H2O为原料,采用无助剂水热法合成了Bi2WO6花瓣状微球,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)、N2吸附-脱附等温线等方法对Bi2WO6微球形貌与结构进行表征,以罗丹明B(RhB)为降解模型,考察了水热反应温度、水热反应时间和前驱体溶液pH值对Bi2WO6微球光催化性能的影响。结果表明:前驱体溶液pH值对Bi2WO6微球的光催化性能影响最大。前驱体溶液为酸性时,有利于花瓣状Bi2WO6微球的生成;前驱体溶液为碱性时,有杂质相Bi3.84W0.16O6.24生成。在适宜的水热反应条件(前驱体溶液pH值0.5,反应温度150℃,反应时间24 h)下,合成的斜方晶型Bi2WO6微球具有花瓣状形貌,微球直径为0.5~3.0μm,表面平均孔径为18.9 nm,比表面积为27.9 m2/g,氙灯(150 W)光照75 min,对20 mg/L的RhB脱色率可达100%,说明花瓣状Bi2WO6微球具有优良的可见光催化活性。     

微波水热法制备含氟钛酸铋系光催化剂及光催化性能研究

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和(NH4)2TiF6为原料,采用微波水热法在120℃~220℃反应1h得到了具有不同形貌的粉体.借助XRD、FE-SEM和EDS等分析手段对粉体的组成和形貌进行了表征,并以罗丹明B溶液为目标降解物,研究了200℃下所得粉体的光催化性能.结果表明:所得粉体是一种新型的F掺杂钛酸铋粉体,其中Bi、Ti、O、F的原子比例约为6∶11∶27∶8;随着反应温度的升高,粉体形貌从球形向六棱短柱状转变;紫外光照射下粉体具有较好的降解罗丹明B溶液的能力.