喷涂与激光重熔技术制备镍基纳米钴包碳化物复合涂层的研究

采用横流2．0kW CO2激光器，在45钢表面制备了表面较平整、较细密、基本消除了裂纹与孔隙并与基体呈冶金结合的镍基纳米WC／Co复合涂层。通过SEM，EDAX，XRD，AFM及Nano Indenter XP分析了熔覆层的显微组织、成分、物相及结合强度。结果表明，涂层的显微组织为涂层中镶嵌着大量与Ni基合金结合良好的WC／C。颗粒，其中在原子力显微镜下可见相当数量的粒度≤100μm的纳米颗粒。涂层的结合强度比传统热喷涂涂层提高了2．1倍。涂层中纳米WC／Co的纳米效应在激光熔覆中起着重要作用。     

Advances in fabricating superplastically formed and diffusion bonded components for aerospace structures

Superplastic forming and diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) production hardware is being fabricated today for aerospace applications. Metal tooling is being used to bring the titanium sheets into contact so diffusion bonding can occur. However, due to material sheet and tooling tolerances, good bond quality is difficult to achieve over large areas. A better method for achieving DB is to use “stop-off” inside sealed sheets of titanium, which constitutes a pack, and then the pack is bonded using external gas pressure. A good method for heating the pack for this process is to use induction heating. Components using “stop-off” that were diffusion bonded first and then superplastically formed have shown much better bond quality than components that were produced using matched metal tooling. This type of tooling has been successful at bonding small areas as long as the exerted pressure is concentrated on the area where bonding is required. Finite element modeling is providing weight effect solutions for titanium SPF/DB aerospace structures. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming, sponsored by the Manufacturing Critical Sector at the ASM International AeroMat 2004 Conference and Exposition, June 8–9, 2004, in Seattle, WA. The symposium was organized by Daniel G. Sanders, The Boeing Company.     

特种覆膜砂粘结机理的研究

运用扫描电镜对特种覆膜砂试样的破坏机理进行了分析,研究了酚醛树脂粘结剂用于特种砂时的粘结机理。研究结果表明：采用偶联剂进行表面处理的特种覆膜少具有较高的强度,其关键在于偶联剂使树脂与特种砂砂粒间断裂方式由附着断裂转变为内聚断裂,表明偶联剂能改善特种砂粒表面与树脂的粘附性,使树脂更为牢固地附着在砂粒表面,充分发挥树脂的粘结效率。     

硬质合金与钢的热等静压扩散连接

研究了硬质合金ＹＧ１５Ｃ与４５~＃碳钢的热等静压扩散连接工艺，探讨厂连接温度、压力、保温保压时间、中间夹层及其厚度和连接残余热应力等对接合强度的影响．结果表明：热等静压扩散连接强度强烈依赖于连接温度，受控于连接后因ＹＧ１５Ｃ与４５~＃钢热膨胀失配而产生的残余热应力。采用镍箔作中间夹层可有效地减小残余热应力对连接的影响，显著提高接合强度．     

镍基合金中γ′相界面的强化设计

采用第一原理分子轨道离散变分Xα法，研究在镍基合金中加Ir合金化的作用，以及在镍基合金中存在B，C，N，H，O，P或S时对γ相和γ′相界面结合强度的影响。证明Ir合金化后，使γ相和γ′相的晶格错配度向负值变化，提高键重叠集居数和总键序。在镍基合金中存在的S，P，H，O，N，B或C，对γ－Ni/γ′-Ni3Al相界面结合力有明显影响，其中C，B和N显著增强两相的界面，相反S和P则减弱相界的结合。     

双金属固相结合的有限元分析

双金属是由两种不同性能的金属结合而成的，经过恰当组合的两种金属结合以后，可以获得高强度、耐腐蚀以及导电、导热等综合性能，使材料在某些特殊的环境下发挥良好的作用。固相结合法是制造双金属的有效方法。本文基于刚粘塑性有限元理论，在两组元金属相互接触的表面之间引入摩擦单元，对Ｃｕ／Ａｌ双金属挤压固相结合的非稳态过程进行了有限元分析，得到了两组元金属之间的相对滑动量以及成形过程中的载荷－行程曲线，计算结果与试验结果比较接近。同时获得了变形体内的应力、应变分布，揭示了组元金属在成形过程中的流动规律。     

Evaluation of TiAI and 40Cr diffusion bonding quality using ultrasonic reflection spectrum

Combined with ultrasonic pulse-echo technique, reflection spectrum analysis was introduced to evaluate TiAl and 40Cr diffusion bonding quality. Frequency dependence of reflection coefficient was used to distinguish perfect bonding from imperfect bonding. It is found that the reflection coefficient from perfect bonding interface does not vary with frequency. When the size of imperfections is much smaller than the wavelength of ultrasound, the reflection coeffwient depends on frequency. When the size of imperfections is the same order of or even larger than the wavelength of ultrasound, the reflection coeffwient does not exhibit frequency dependence. However the amplitude of imperfect interface is higher than the amplitude of perfect bonding interface. A combination of reflection spectrum analysis and ultrasonic pulse-echo technique provides more accurate information about the bonding quality of dissimilar materials.     

Al2O3P/6061Al复合材料瞬间液相扩散连接

用纯金属作中间层TLP连接颗粒增强铝基复合材料,接头存在增强相偏聚区,是接头力学性能的薄弱区域.控制增强相偏聚区是改善接头力学性能的一种有效途径.文中尝试用Cu,Al金属复合中间层TLP连接Al2O3P/6061Al复合材料,探讨了其接头的显微结构和力学性能特点.结果表明,用Cu,Al金属复合中间层能够控制接头增强相偏聚,改善接头抗剪强度.在连接温度600℃,保温时间60min的工艺条件下,10 μm Al/10 μm Cu/10 μm Al复合中间层接头增强相偏聚明显下降,接头抗剪强度110 MPa;1.5 μm Cu/10 μm Al/1.5 μm Cu复合中间层接头无明显的增强相偏聚,接头抗剪强度123 MPa.     

双金属复合板带可逆冷轧有限元模拟

本文应用ANSYS有限元软件分析了热轧复合的不锈钢复合板在冷轧过程中的变形特性和界面上应力应变分布 ,分析确定了界面结合强度 ,以及确定成卷可逆带张力冷轧时的最大道次压下量值。用 3D FEM模拟了接触表面上的应力 ,计算出总轧制压力 ,与理论公式进行了对比。     

Al2O3/Al基复合材料与基体结合强度物理意义分析

测定了Al2 O3 /Al基复合材料与基体材料间的结合强度 ,探讨了结合强度的物理意义。其物理意义是 :界面抗拉强度与试样达到断裂应变时基体中的应力分别与纤维体积分数和基体体积分数的加权平均值。并根据测定的结合强度的值结合有限元分析得出几种Al2 O3 /Al基复合材料的界面抗拉强度值