超临界CO_2络合萃取去除乳酸钙中痕量金属

研究了超临界络合萃取法去除乳酸钙中铝、砷汞等痕量金属,考察了络合剂种类、萃取压力、萃取时间对去除率的影响。结果表明,不同络合剂对不同金属的萃取效果有明显差异;在非溶解度制约阶段,单纯增加萃取压力对萃取率的提高没有明显影响;萃取时间比萃取压力的影响更为明显,表明该过程是络合萃取反应控制过程。较佳的工艺条件为:萃取温度20℃,CO2流速15.5L/h,萃取压力20MPa,萃取时间30min,溴化四丁基铵与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的复配物用量为试样质量的2%,加入乙醇作为极性溶剂。在此条件下,铅、汞、砷的总去除率达82.8%。     

Effect of Lanthanum(Ⅲ) on Cytosolic Free Calcium in Isolated Rabbit Mature Osteoclasts

The effect of lanthanum(Ⅲ) (La3 ) on cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2 ]i) in isolated rabbit mature osteoclasts was studied with the employment of fluo-3/AM as an intracellular calcium-sensitive fluorescent probe by using a confocal laser scanning microscope. La3 does not alter basal [Ca2 ]i levels and cell spread area at the concentration of 1.00×10-8 mol·L-1. However, La3 at higher concentrations ( 1.00×10-5 and 1.00×10-7 mol·L-1) decreases [Ca2 ]i levels and cell spread area, and greater decreases are observed for the higher concentrations of La3 . Since [Ca2 ]i affects cytoskeleton and the adhesion properties of osteoclasts, our results seem to suggest that La3 inhibit bone resorption by decreasing [Ca2 ]i in rabbit mature osteoclasts.     

活性炭负载钯催化剂合成碳酸二甲酯

研究了在常压和较低温度下，Ｐｄ／Ｃ负载型催化剂的不同载体、比表面积及［Ｃｌ－］对一氧化碳偶联合成碳酸二甲酯活性的影响，同时对温度、空速和原料气中各组份含量的配比等对催化剂活性的影响及对工艺条件的影响进行了讨论。在反应条件下碳酸二甲酯收率达５６４ｇ／（Ｌｃａｔｈ）。并对反应产物进行了鉴定。     

P204-HCl体系捞钕除杂工业实验

利用 2 0 0升 18级萃取槽 ,在连续运转 2 4小时的情况下 ,能够除掉氯化钕溶液中的非稀土杂质 ,同时稀土杂质含量也大大降低。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层主控因素分析

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘奥陶系碳酸盐岩在地质演化过程中形成了以次生成因的孔、滑、缝为主要储集空间类型的储层。该套储层是在沉积环境、成岩作用和构造作用的相互作用下形成的,其中沉积环境是基础,影响着储层的基本形态,有利于储层形成和发育的沉积环境为碳酸盐岩斜坡、潮坪和台内浅滩;成岩作用决定了储层的最终分布形态、范围和储集空间特征,对储层物性优劣起主导作用;有利于储集空间发育和扩大的成岩作用主要有白云石化作用、溶解作用和压溶作用。构造作用主要是构造抬升可形成沉积间断面和不整合面,促进了与岩溶作用有关的岩溶型储层和各种类型的节理、裂缝边溶孔的发育。     

纸张涂布用片状沉淀碳酸钙的研制

采用合适的添加剂，可以得到片状沉淀碳酸钙，它满足纸张涂布颜料的三个基本要求，即小于２μｍ粒子的质量分数大于９０％，白度大于９０％，粘浓度大于７０％。涂布试验表明，片状沉淀碳酸钙能大量替代价昂的进口高岭土。     

Overexpression of OsCASP1 Improves Calcium Tolerance in Rice

The Casparian strip domain protein 1 (OsCASP1) is necessary for the formation of the Casparian strip (CS) in the rice endodermis. It also controls Ca²⁺ transport to the stele. Here, we demonstrated that OsCASP1 overexpression enhanced Ca tolerance in rice. Under normal conditions, OsCASP1-overexpressed lines showed similar concentrations of essential metals in the roots and shoots compared to the wild type, while under high Ca conditions, Ca in the roots, shoots, and xylem sap of the OsCASP1-overexpressed lines was significantly decreased. This did not apply to other essential metals. Ca-inhibited growth was significantly alleviated in the OsCASP1-overexpressed lines. Furthermore, OsCASP1 overexpression resulted in earlier formation of both the CS and functional apoplastic barrier in the endodermis but did not induce ectopic CS formation in non-endodermal cell layers and affect suberin accumulation in the endodermis. These results indicate that the overexpression of OsCASP1 promotes CS formation in endodermal cells and inhibits Ca²⁺ transport by the apoplastic pathway, restricting Ca accumulation in the roots and shoots under high Ca conditions. Taken together, the results suggest that OsCASP1 overexpression is an effective way to improve rice adaptation to high Ca environments.     

Polymorph control of a complex BaCO3 superstructure through the cooperation of an insoluble polylactide self-assembled film and soluble poly allylamine modifier

We have developed a novel 3D polymer template composed of a self-assembled film (SAF, insoluble polylactide film) and a soluble modifier (poly allylamine) and used this template to synthesize barium carbonate with a complex superstructure. Controlled synthesis of barium carbonate with novel morphologies such as spherical crystals consisting of needle-like building blocks, flower-like congeries consisting of one pronounced backbone and many shuttle-like petals, raft-like barium carbonate bundles consisting of tiny fractions etc., was realized by finely tuning the alignment and self-assembly of rods using the double template. The observed crystallization can proceed along the so-called rod-dumbbell-sphere formation process. This approach will be further extended to polymer-controlled fabrication of related minerals with novel, complex superstructures.     

Calcium ferrite formation from the thermolysis of calcium tris (maleato) ferrate(III)

For preparing calcium ferrite, calcium tris (dmaleato) ferrate(III) precursor was prepared by mixing aqueous solutions of iron(III) maleate, calcium maleate and maleic acid. Various physico-chemical techniques i.e. TG, DTG, DTA, Mössbauer, XRD, IR etc have been used to study the decomposition behaviour from ambient to 900°C and ferrite formation. Three consecutive decomposition steps leading to the formation of α-Fe₂O₃ and calcium carbonate have been observed at various stages of thermolysis. In the final stage the ferrite, bdCa₂Fe₂O₅, is obtained as a result of solid state reaction between α-Fe₂O₃ and calcium carbonate at 788°C, a temperature much lower than for ceramic method. The results have been compared with those of the oxalate precursor.