Fabrication and Microstructure Characterization of Ti3SiC2 Synthesized from Ti/Si/2TiC Powders Using the Pulse Discharge Sintering (PDS) Technique

Ti/Si/2TiC powders were prepared using a mixture method (M) and a mechanical alloying (MA) method to fabricate Ti₃SiC₂ at 1200°–1400°C using a pulse discharge sintering (PDS) technique. The results showed that the Ti₃SiC₂ samples with <5 wt% TiC could be rapidly synthesized from the M powders; however, the TiC content was always >18 wt% in the MA samples. Further sintering of the M powder showed that the purity of Ti₃SiC₂ could be improved to >97 wt% at 1250°–1300°C, which is ∼200°–300°C lower than that of sintered Ti/Si/C and Ti/SiC/C powders using the hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) technique. The microstructure of Ti₃SiC₂ also could be controlled using three types of powders, i.e., fine, coarse, or duplex-grained, within the sintering temperature range. In comparison with Ti/Si/C and Ti/SiC/C mixture powders, it has been suggested that high-purity Ti₃SiC₂ could be rapidly synthesized by sintering the Ti/Si/TiC powder mixture at relatively lower temperature using the PDS technique.     

Effect of vanadium and chromium on the microstructural features of V–Cr–Mn–Ni spheroidal carbide cast irons

The objective of this investigation is to study the influence of vanadium（5.0wt%–10.0wt%） and chromium（0–9.0wt%） on the microstructure and hardness of Cr-V-Mn-Ni white cast irons with spheroidal vanadium carbides. The alloys＇ microstructural features are presented and discussed with regard to the distribution of phase elements. The structural constituents of the alloys are spheroidal VC, proeutectoid cementite, ledeburite eutectic, rosette-shaped carbide eutectic（based on M7C3）, pearlite, martensite, and austenite. Their combinations and area fraction（AF） ratios are reported to be influenced by the alloys＇ chemical composition. Spheroidized VC particles are found to be sites for the nucleation of carbide eutectics. Cr and V are shown to substitute each other in the VC and M7C3 carbides, respectively. Chromium alloying leads to the formation of a eutectic（γ-Fe ＋ М7С3）, preventing the appearance of proeutectoid cementite in the structure. Vanadium and chromium are revealed to increase the total carbide fraction and the amount of austenite in the matrix. Cr is observed to play a key role in controlling the metallic matrix microstructure.     

K/Na-V-Mo复合变质对轧辊用高速钢组织及性能的影响

通过对轧辊用高速钢进行复合变质及热处理。探讨了含碱金属K/Na以及V、Mo合金元素的变质剂的加入量对轧辊用铸造高速钢共晶组织的影响。试验结果表明：在1．0％范围内，随着复合变质剂含量的逐渐增加，共晶碳化物的形貌和分布得到了改善，晶粒得到细化，分布趋于均匀，轧辊用高速钢的硬度略有下降，但韧性有很大提高。变质剂含量继续增加，组织和性能没有明显改善。进一步分析表明：变质剂中的合金元素可促进在晶粒中或沿晶界均匀分布的非连续状硬质碳化物的生成．从而达到改善组织、提高力学性能的作用。     

TaC、Cr_3C_2对WC-Co硬质合金组织和性能的影响

研究了添加：TaC、Cr3C2对WC－10Co合金组织结构和性能影响，讨论了相关机理。结果表明，少量添加TaC（2－m％）、Cr3C2（0．44m％）可导致WC－10Co合金的WC晶粒明显细化’WC邻接度下降，γ相平均自由程减小，但强韧性有所下降；Cr3C2助长WC－10Co合金WC晶粒断续长大；TaC－WC固溶体耐碱蚀性差；合金断口中沿WC—WC品界脆断比例增加，TaC－WC固溶体晶粒倾向于穿晶劈裂。工艺中控制TaC、Cr3C2添加量、确保WC～Cr3C2粉碳化完善以及同时添加TaC、Cr3C2对确保合金材质至关重要。     

硬质合金注射工艺参数的研究

对WC-8Co硬质合金的注射工艺进行了研究。通过对注射坯的外观检测和密度分析,考察了注射温度、注射压力、保压压力这几个主要参数对注射过程中缺陷的影响,并优化出注射工艺参数。     

Oxidation of Hf2SnC and Nb2SnC in Air in the 400–600°C Temperature Range

The oxidation behavior in air of fully dense, predominantly (92+vol.%) single phase, samples of Nb₂SnC and Hf₂SnC was studied in the 400–600°C temperature range. The oxidation products in both cases were SnO, SnO₂ and either Nb₂O₅ or HfO₂. The oxidation is characterized by an initial incubation period, the duration of which decreased with increasing temperatures, followed by a period of near-linear oxidation kinetics. Oxidation at temperatures as low as 400°C for 72 hr resulted in the total disintegration of bulk samples, and their total conversion to oxides. Comparison with published results indicate that the oxidation kinetics of Hf₂SnC are poorer than those of Hf or HfC. Similarly, Nb₂SnC is more prone to oxidation than pure Nb metal.     

表面脱β层梯度结构硬质合金研究进展

随着涂层技术在硬质合金领域的日益广泛应用,制备可防止涂层裂纹向基体扩展的具有表面脱立方相碳化物(即β相)的梯度结构的硬质合金基体成为需要。文中概述了此类结构合金的形成机理、影响因素以及发展现状和方向等。     

超细硬质合金WC-8Co-0.8(Cr_3C_2/TaC)的组织与性能

以超细WC-8Co硬质合金为研究对象,混合添加晶粒长大抑制剂Cr3C2/TaC。结果表明,合金在添加0.8wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS达到3675MPa,而在添加0.5wt%和1.0wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS降到2120MPa;Cr3C2/TaC在很大程度上影响了合金烧结时的致密化,WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)压坯在1400℃下完全致密化需要的烧结时间为60分钟;而同类普通WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)的压坯,由于没有超细粉末的高表面能,烧结60分钟后密度只能达到理论密度的98.8%;TaC和Cr3C2对W在γ相中的固溶度具有相反的作用。     

合金元素对堆焊焊缝硬度的影响

研究了堆焊焊缝的硬度及碳化物分布，分析了C、Nb、Ti、V对硬度的影响，优选了一种硬度高、碳化物分布均匀的堆焊焊缝。结果表明，V对提高硬度有明显作用，但其碳化物易沿晶界析出；Ti、Nb促进碳化物均匀分布，但含量过高会形成大量碳化物，反而降低焊缝硬度。