Effects of milling and subsequent consolidation treatment on the microstructural properties and hardness of the nanocrystalline chromium carbide powders

The influence of milling and subsequent consolidation treatments on the microstructural properties and hardness of the fabricated Cr₃C₂, Cr₇C₃ and Cr₂₃C₆ ceramic powders are investigated. For this reason, the elemental powders of Cr and C were mixed with proper ratio and then milled to the nanometer crystallite sizes (between 6 and 20 nm) and then were consolidated by using uniaxial cold press and subsequent heat treatment (at 1100 °C for 1 h) in Argon atmosphere. Microstructures of consolidated samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness measurements. A drastic increase in crystallite size of the samples was observed due to the effect of heat treatment. However, the as-consolidated samples still maintained their nanocrystalline characteristic with an average grain size of less than 100 nm. Besides, a very high hardness of 25 GPa was achieved for the Cr₃C₂ composition. This high hardness is attributed to the formation of carbide phases in the consolidated samples.     

Effect of Mo and Co additions on the microstructure and properties of WC-TiC-Ni cemented carbides

In this work, the effects of 1.0 wt.% additions of Mo and Co on the microstructure and properties of WC-TiC-Ni cemented carbides were investigated using scanning electron microscope, mechanical properties tests, corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance tests. The results show that 1.0 wt.% Mo addition can refine the WC grains and increase the hardness. Moreover, with the addition of minor Mo, the corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of alloys improved significantly. The addition of 1.0 wt.% Co can inhibit the growth of WC grains, improve the density and hardness slightly, and enhance the abrasion resistance of cemented carbides. However, the minor Co has negative effect for the corrosion resistance.     

Embrittlement Mechanism due to Slow Cooling During Quenching for M152 Martensitic Heat Resistant Steel

 The brittleness of M152 martensitic heat resistant steel due to slow cooling during quenching was experimentally investigated by means of mechanical property test, TEM and XRD analysis. The results showed that the nonreversal brittleness of M152 steel due to slow cooling during quenching was caused by the continuous precipitation of M23C6 along prior austenite grain boundaries and of M2C along prior residual austenite film. The residual austenite in the steel was unstable and may decompose due to the precipitation of second phase during the process of slow cooling after quenching. The low cooling rate in the temperature range from 820 to 660℃ has a strong effect on the impact toughness of the steel, the precipitation of second phase in the same temperature range results in nonreversal brittle.     

超细晶粒硬质合金磨削的材料去除机理研究

在使用金刚石砂轮的平面磨床上进行了超细晶粒WC-Co硬质合金的磨削实验研究,通过扫描电子显微镜观察磨削表面形貌,利用X射线能谱仪进行磨削表面元素微区分析,对不同磨削条件下超细硬质合金的材料去除机理进行了研究。研究结果表明:超细硬质合金磨削过程中,随砂轮粒度的增大或切深的增加,材料去除方式渐由滑擦、耕犁向脆性断裂、材料粉末化转变。磨削表面黏结相分布受材料去除方式的影响,以耕犁方式去除的磨削表面Co相分布不均匀程度最大。     

矿用WC硬质合金的研究进展与趋势

矿用WC合金因其具有硬度高、韧性好等优点而得到广泛应用。结合近几年矿用WC合金的发展研究状况,重点讨论了矿用WC硬质合金在制备工艺等方面的进展,并展望了矿用WC合金的发展趋势。     

二维晶体MXene的制备与性能研究进展

MXene是一种新型过渡金属碳化物二维晶体,具有和石墨烯类似的结构.化学式为Mn+1Xn,其中n=1、2、3,M为早期过渡金属元素,X为碳或氮元素.这一类材料可以通过氢氟酸解离层状陶瓷材料MAX相获得,具有优异的力学、电子、磁学等性能.MXene是一种很有前途的新型锂离子电池负极材料,可以用在新型复合材料增强体,可以作为高温润滑材料.这种材料在储能、电子、润滑等领域具有重要的应用价值.本文介绍了该类材料的制备方法、性能、潜在应用及其研究现状.     

Ti_(1-x)V_xC(x=0~1)材料弹性性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算了Ti_(1-x)V_xC(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.75,1)8种碳化钒钛的晶格常数、弹性常数、弹性模量和电子态密度,计算结果与已报道试验结果很好符合。Ti_(1-x(V_xC(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.75,1)的晶胞参数随钒含量的增大而减小,在x=0.5时,化合物具有最优的综合力学性能,体模量282.41 GPa、剪切模量229.01 GPa和剪切模量G/体模量B(G/B)比值0.68。分析电子态密度得知该系列化合物均具有良好的导电性,pd轨道杂化作用明显(除VC外),从而导致了其力学性能的变化。     

铌对喷射成形M3:2高速钢组织和耐磨性的影响

研究了Nb对喷射成形高速钢M3:2组织和硬度的影响,并对含Nb喷射成形高速钢在不同温度下的摩擦行为进行了研究。结果表明,Nb可以使一次MC型碳化物变得更细小、球形度更好,M2C片层厚度变薄,有利于高速钢回火过程中的二次析出,提高其回火后的硬度。0.5 %Nb的添加可显著提高喷射成形M3:2高速钢的耐磨性。常温（20 ℃）时高速钢的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损;中温（300 ℃）时,磨损机制则以粘着磨损为主,氧化磨损增加;高温（500 ℃）时,主要以氧化磨损为主。     

H13钢回火组织及碳化物转变规律

通过微观组织和第二相分析,以及力学性能测试,研究了400～700 ℃范围内回火温度对H13钢组织及碳化物转变的影响。结果表明,400～550 ℃回火,基体组织为回火马氏体,碳化物主要为Mo2C和VC;硬度在550 ℃回火达到峰值,出现二次硬化效应。600～650 ℃回火时,组织为回火屈氏体,主要碳化物为Fe3M3C和Cr7C3,同时,马氏体大量分解,碳化物粗化,硬度急剧下降,韧性快速升高;700 ℃回火时,基体为回火索氏体,碳化物明显聚集长大,表现出过时效。     

M35高速钢热塑性行为研究

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机进行热拉伸试验,研究了变形温度在950～1150 ℃范围内,变形速率为0.1 s-1、1 s-1时M35高速钢热塑性行为及断裂机理。结果表明：M35高速钢在试验条件下具有优异的高温塑性,峰值应力随变形温度升高线性下降,随应变速率增加相应升高。热拉伸过程中断裂机制都为韧性断裂,变形温度低于1100 ℃时断口呈韧窝状,随着温度升高韧窝直径变大、深度增加;变形温度高于1100 ℃时断口呈沿晶断裂。高温拉伸过程中,碳化物的大小、分布对M35高速钢的热塑性存在明显影响。