Atomic scale imaging of monocrystalline Si （001） surface by molecular dynamic simulation

Non-contact atomic force microscopy(nc-AFM) atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation results show that the nc-AFM imaging force mainly comes from the C-Si and C-C chemical covalent bonding forces, especially the former, the nonbonding Van der Waals force change is small during the range of stable imaging height. When the tip-surface distance is smaller than the stable imaging height, several neighboring carbon atoms at the tip apex are attracted, and some of them jump onto the sample surface. Finally the tip apex configuration is destroyed with the tip indenting further.     

Experimental study on Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the ferrite region

A Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the conventional austenite region and in the ferrite region with lubrication was experimentally studied.Subsequent cold rolling and continuous annealing processes were also conducted.The results show that microstructures of ultra-low carbon bake hardening hot strips at room temperature are basically irregular polygonal ferrites.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,n value,and r value of the No.2 specimen hot-rolled in the ferr...     

Influence of nitrogen hetero-substitution on the electrochemical performance of coal-based activated carbons measured in non-aqueous electrolyte

Nitrogen-containing carbons were prepared by modification of activated carbons. The modified carbons were used as electrode materials with improved electrochemical performance. Precursor anthracite was activated by KOH (KOH: anthracite= 1:1), modified by melamine or urea and then treated at 1173 K to obtain the modified carbons. The porous structure, the chemical composition and the electrochemical characteristics of the carbons were investigated by nitrogen sorption, XPS and electrochemical methods respectively. Electrochemical experiments were performed in an organic electrolytic solution of 1 M (C2H5)4NBF4/PC.The samples modified by the different methods showed differences in chemical composition that introduced varying degrees of electrochemical performance enhancement. The presence of nitrogen enhanced the electron donor properties and the surface wettability of the activated carbons: this ensured a sufficient utilization of the exposed surface for charge storage.     

基于吸收和吸附的油气回收集成工艺

设计2个油气吸附回收实验来比较活性炭吸附油气的效果。该吸附塔进口油气体积分数分别为0．05,0．40,进口混合气流量分别为40,65m^3／h。实验结果表明,二者回收率高达95％以上,但实验Ⅰ热效应明显比实验Ⅱ低,两者炭床温升分别为43．1℃和72．2℃。为此开发出吸收吸附集成回收工艺,其回收率可达到99．6％,尾气油气体积分数可控制在0．0032以下,而且吸附塔热效应小,炭床温升小于35℃。该集成系统投资比单纯的吸收法低,安全性比单纯的吸附法高,综合效益显著。     

Relationship of hydrocarbon and source-rock in Nos.3-5 tectonic belts of the Lenghu area, northern Qaidam Basin

Based on analyses of the components of crude oil hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes, the content of normal alkane de-creased from 49.00% to 20.10% when moving from the No.3 to No.5 tectonic belt of the Lenghu area of the Qaidam Basin, while cycloalkanes increased from 30.00% to 52.20% and aromatic and branch chain alkanes increased gradually as well. The maturity of sterane in crude oil is higher than that of its source-rock, which shows that the hydrocarbons were generated from a deep source-rock of high maturity around the tectonic belts of the Lenghu area. The analysis of the characteristics of carbon isotopes also shows that these isotopes of hydrocarbon compounds in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt are apparently heavier than those in the No.3 belt. The results of our research show that the hydrocarbons in the No.3 tectonic belt are mainly from a relatively rich sapropelic substance, while the hydrocarbons in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt originated mainly from organic matter of a rela-tively rich humic type substance.     

活性炭的改性及吸附性能

亚甲基蓝属于噻嗪类染料,脱色较难.分别采用普通浸渍法,超声波浸渍法,将硫酸镁负载到活性炭上,以增强其对亚甲基蓝的脱色和吸附效果.结果表明,用超声浸渍法处理后的活性炭的脱色效果最佳,普通浸渍法次之,它们的脱色率分别达到62.81%和43.51%,未改性活性炭的脱色率仅为33.29%.实验中还发现,超声波改性有助于提高活性炭的吸附容量和吸附速率,改性前后活性炭均遵循Langmuir方程.     

新型燃煤烟气汞吸附剂的评价研究

利用汞蒸气发生器产生的单质汞,与压缩空气组成模拟烟气,在吸附剂评价实验台上进行吸附剂脱汞实验,研究不同吸附剂对单质汞的脱除效率．实验结果表明,活性炭对汞的吸附效率在60％左右,未改性的燃煤飞灰吸附效率在10％～20％,改性后的燃煤飞灰比表面积有很大程度的提高,吸附效率可以达到25％,与活性炭吸附效率相比仍有不小的差距．     

多壁碳纳米管负载ZnO纳米复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用溶胶法,以醋酸锌和硝酸处理过的多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）为主要原料,制备了MWCNTs-ZnO光催化复合材料。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等手段研究了制得样品的形态结构;通过紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-vis）,在紫外光照射下,分析比较了MWCNTs-ZnO复合材料、MWCNTs和ZnO的混合物以及纯ZnO对甲基橙光催化降解的性能。结果表明：在相同条件下MWCNTs-ZnO复合催化剂对甲基橙光降解有着最高的光催化活性。讨论了复合催化剂用量、重复使用等因素对甲基橙光催化降解效果的影响,并就复合催化剂的抗光腐蚀机制进行了初步的探讨。     

异形板纺制中空纤维复合膜基膜的工艺及膜性能研究

使用3C型异型多孔喷丝板纺制高性能聚砜中空纤维复合膜基膜,并探讨纺丝液组成和纺丝工艺对基膜性能的影响.结果表明:使用异形板纺丝,对影响纺丝液粘度的料液温度、聚砜及成孔添加剂的浓度要求较高;实验中得到聚砜质量分数为30%、凝固浴温度为50℃、成孔添加剂聚乙二醇-20000质量分数为11%时,所得基膜的纯水通量最高,达到120 L(/m·2h).     

自修复混凝土中玻璃纤维管最佳掺量的确定

在混凝土中埋入含有修复剂的中空玻璃纤维管,形成自愈合系统。纤维管的掺量直接影响到修复效果,掺加量太少不能把产生的裂缝完全修复,太多则会影响到混凝土材料的宏观性能。通过在混凝土中掺入不同体积率的中空玻璃纤维管和空白混凝土对比试验,观察对混凝土试件抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度所造成的影响,确定出中空玻璃纤维管在混凝土中的最佳掺量。