Integrated distributed intelligent system for process-control system design

In process-control system design, the Computer Aided Design (CAD) techniques have evolved a new generation of design techniques. This also paves the way for implementing Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS). However, the key issue to accomplishing the objectives in CAD is the automation of conceptual design. This paper first introduces the fundamentals of conceptual design for process-control system design. Then, a strategy to solve the problems in conceptual design is proposed. The associated system configuration and software implementation platform for developing intelligent systems for process control system design are presented. Finally, an application case is studied.     

Kinetics of phenol oxidation in a trickle bed reactor over active carbon catalyst

The wet air oxidation of phenol over a commercial active carbon catalyst was studied in a trickle bed reactor (TBR) in the temperature and oxygen partial pressure ranges of 120–160 °C and 0.1–0.2 MPa, respectively. The performance of the active carbon was compared in terms of phenol and COD destruction. The weight change of active carbon due to reaction was also measured. Finally, oxic phenol adsorption isotherms were assessed in batch conditions at 25, 125 and 160 °C. In order to use the conversion data obtained from the TBR for a kinetic study, special care was taken to check the kinetic control in the TBR experiments. Several kinetic models including power law or Langmuir–Hinshelwood expressions were considered to describe the catalytic oxidation of phenol over active carbon. The simple power law model with first order dependence on both phenol and oxygen concentration predicted satisfactorily the experimental data not only over the entire range of operating conditions studied, but also outside its validity range. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Structural change in diamond by hydrogen plasma treatment at room temperature

The structural change of diamond induced by hydrogen plasma exposure at room temperature, and its thermal stability, were investigated using electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. ESR observation revealed that it gave rise to a highly defective structure (spin concentration of 10²⁰ cm^{− 3}), which is very similar to the structure of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C : H) confirmed by XPS and FTIR. Post-annealing was also carried out to clarify the thermal stability of the defects. The number of spin centers decreased with increasing annealing temperature, and eventually, the defective structure changed to a graphitic one by annealing at 800 °C.     

提高16Mn连铸坯控轧合格率

１６Ｍｎ连涛坯进行控轧时，按铸坯碳当量的上限和下限，分别采用两种不同的控轧制度。在邯钢中板分厂试轧的结果，轧材合格率均达到９６％以上，投产后轧材合格率达到９８％以上。     

Electrochemical properties of ultra-long,aligned, carbon nanotube array electrode in organic electrolyte

The electrochemical properties of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor electrode based on an ultra-long (500 μm), aligned, carbon nanotube array (ACNTA) in Et₄NPF₆/propylene carbonate electrolyte are examined. The specific capacitance of the ACNTA electrode in an organic electrolyte is 24.5 F g⁻¹, which is larger than that obtained in an aqueous electrolyte. The results of ac impedance measurements show that the ACNTA electrode gives a high power density and an excellent rate capability in an organic electrolyte. It is shown that the ACNTA electrode has a lower equivalent series resistance and a better rate capability than activated carbon electrode. This is due to the fact that ACNTA possesses a larger pore size and a more a regular pore structure. Both these features are conformed by scanning electron microscopic and nitrogen gas adsorption studies.     

活性炭载体的超声波处理对Pt／C催化剂活性的影响分析

通过对活性炭载体进行不同条件的超声波处理获得了具有不同表面化学性质的载体，使用比表面积（BET）、酸碱滴定等技术手段对载体的物理化学性质进行了表征。将经过超声波处理的活性炭载体制备成Pt／C催化剂，并将催化剂直接用于催化反应，考察了活性炭载体的不同超声波处理条件对Pt／C催化剂性能的影响。实验发现，活性炭载体经过超声波处理后，表面灰分含量、pH值和中孔孔容有较大的变化；使用经过60min超声波处理后中孔孔容较大的活性炭作为载体制备的Pt／C催化剂，在催化加氢反应性能测试中显示了最高的催化活性。在此基础上，就活性炭载体的超声波处理对Pt／C催化剂活性的影响进行了讨论。     

95W-Ni-Fe 合金工艺缺陷的 SAM 和 XPS 分析

藉助扫描俄歇探针、Ｘ射线光电子谱等分析了９５Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ合金碳污染和氧化的本质。发现，碳污染试样中碳的化学状态主要为石墨，少量为铁或镍的有机化合物，这些物质的界面富集使材料脆化。钨合金氧化后，氧大量富集于钨／粘结相界面，使沿着该界面的断裂更容易发生。     

NH—1干粉瓦楞纸板粘合剂的研制

采用复合改性剂生产改性淀粉,制得干粉状NH—1粘合剂,并进行了工业化生产,取得了满意的结果。     

四氯化碳生产中氯化反应的回火原因分析与对策

探讨了四氯化碳生产中氯化反应的回火原因及避免回火的对策 ,解决了生产中的实际问题     

纸上色层分离重量法测定铌铁合金中铌的改进

以国标《GB3654．1—83》方法为基础，试样采用氢氟酸、硝酸溶解后，适当调整展开剂配制比例，将其加大HF的浓度，降低HNO，的浓度，使用效果良好，缩短了密闭展开时间，提高了分析速度。