加氢渣油催化裂化七集总动力学模型的建立

以加工加氢渣油的茂名石化3^＃重油催化裂化装置的工业数据为基础，针对加氢渣油的特点，提出了以渣油四组分作为划分原料集总基础的催化裂化七集总动力学模型。通过变尺度法（B-F-G-S）和龙格库塔法确定动力学参数，并通过工业实测数据验证，表明该模型具有良好的拟合性和外推性，较好地反映了加氢渣油催化裂化反应规律。     

Dynamics of liquid-filled spacecraft

A method is presented for simulating coupled liquid-solid dynamics. An important example of a coupled liquid-solid system is a satellite carrying fuel. The dynamics of the satellite and the onboard fuel influence each other, which may lead to satellite motion that is uncontrollable. For better understanding of the complex dynamics of coupled systems, a numerical model is developed. The model consists of two parts. The first part that solves the liquid motion is only briefly discussed here. The focus in this paper is on the way in which the dynamics of the liquid and the solid body are coupled. For this, the governing equations are presented in which terms appear that represent the force and torque on the solid body due to the sloshing liquid. The governing equations are rewritten such that the discrete approximation of these equations can be integrated in a stable manner for arbitrary liquid/solid mass ratios. Results are presented demonstrating the stability of the present model. A grid-refinement study and a time-step analysis are performed. Finally, the flat-spin motion of a satellite, partially filled with liquid, that flew in 1992 as part of the Wet Satellite Model experiment is studied. Results from the simulation are compared with the actual flight data.     

Dissolved organic carbon dynamics in the upper rhone: The influence of side-arms?

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics were investigated over a two year period in the Upper Rhǒne River to examine the role of side-arms in providing DOC to the main channel in relation to discharge fluctuations, especially floods. Concentrations of DOC are shown to remain low in space and in time (average 1.5 mg ^?1) and to be more related to global hydrological events (precipitation) than to any local flushing for backwaters during floods. The results do not support the general assumption that side-arms are the providers of DOC to the main channel.     

Sulfated zirconia catalysts: Are Brønsted acid sites the source of the activity?

The thermal decomposition products of pyridinium sulfate differ from those of pyridinium sulfate supported on zirconia which in turn differs from that of pyridine adsorbed on a sulfated zirconia. Unsupported pyridinium sulfate decomposes to produce pyridine and sulfuric acid, and these subsequently react to produce oxides of carbon and sulfur. Zirconia that is sulfated and then exposed to pyridine does not release detectable amount of pyridine during heating in an inert gas; rather the pyridine undergoes oxidation reduction reactions simultaneously to release CO₂ and sulfur compounds. Pyridinium sulfate supported on zirconia decomposes upon heating to release pyridine and sulfuric acid, which reacts with the zirconia. The desorption of pyridine in one case and only CO₂/SO_x in the other case suggests that sulfated zirconia does not contain Brønsted acidity that can form pyridinium sulfate.     

应用粒子动态分析仪研究水力旋流器流场

利用粒子动态分析仪(PDA),对水力旋流器内固相颗粒流场做了全面的测定,得出水力旋流器内固相颗粒的流态、浓度及粒度分布,为进一步查清水力旋流器的工作机理提供了重要理论依据。     

氢电弧等离子体法制备的纳米镍铈粒子的催化特性

利用氢电弧等离子法制备具有储氢特性纳米镍铈粒子，并在气相苯加氢反应中研究了其催化特性，发现其催化活性与储氢特性及表面层中ＮｉＣｅ合金存在有关，且具有高的选择性和热稳定性，这与纳米粒子独特的结构及铈的加入有关。     

异丙苯在Cu-HMS分子筛上的催化氧化

以含Cu的中孔分子筛(Cu-HMS)为催化剂,研究异丙苯的催化氧化。研究发现,Cu-HMS催化剂的加入使异丙苯氧化的诱导期显著缩短。在75℃下,以Cu-HMS为催化剂,O2为氧化剂的纯异丙苯氧化反应,苯乙酮为主要副产物,反应的选择性和转化率都很高。当催化剂用量为1 5×10-4mol/ml时,反应8h后,异丙苯转化率为32 7%,目的产物的累积浓度(质量分数)为37 7%,选择性为99%;反应12h后,异丙苯转化率为42 4%,目的产物的累积浓度为46 3%,选择性为95 6%。     

提高催化裂化柴油和液化气收率的方法及措施

介绍了利用现有的催化裂化装置 ,通过优化操作及运用MGD技术提高柴油和液化气收率的方法和技术措施。     

功能化的介孔分子筛碱催化性能的研究

以苯甲醛与氰乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合为模型反应，研究了用γ－氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷或γ－乙二胺丙基三甲氧基硅烷功能化的纯硅介也分子筛HMS（Hexagonal mesoporous silica）的碱催化性能。结果表明，除个别碱基负载量高的样品外，功能化样品对反应显示很高的催化活性，反应的初期活性不仅取决于催化剂上活性中心的密度，而且与载体的孔道结构有关。大孔径载体有利于反应物、产物的扩散，故在高负载量时，大孔径样品比小孔样品有更高的活性。此外，还考察了反应温度、溶剂、反应物配比和催化剂用量等条件的影响以及催化剂的重复使用情况。结果表明，反应可在低于100℃的温和条件下进行，有明显的溶剂效应，反应物配比和催化剂用量存在一最佳值；随使用次数的增加，催化剂逐渐中毒而失活。     

直接氯化法合成对硝基氯化苄

介绍了以对硝基甲苯和氯气为原料 ,在催化剂存在下合成对硝基氯化苄的方法 ,考察了催化剂种类、反应温度、溶剂配比等因素对反应的影响 ,优化的反应条件为 :对硝基甲苯用量 1 3 7g,对硝基甲苯 /邻二氯苯 (摩尔比 ) =1∶ 0 .6,w (偶氮二异丁腈 ) =0 .6% ,反应时间 3 h,反应温度 1 60℃ ,产物单程收率大于 65 % ;将反应混合物中未反应的原料分离后 ,以无水乙醇为溶剂结晶纯化 ,物料 /溶剂 (摩尔比 ) =1∶ 1 .5时晶体含量在 99.0 %以上 ,结晶收率达 67