Least squares evaluations for form and profile errors of ellipse using coordinate data

To improve the measurement and evaluation of form error of an elliptic section, an evaluation method based on least squares fitting is investigated to analyze the form and profile errors of an ellipse using coordinate data. Two error indicators for defining ellipticity are discussed, namely the form error and the profile error, and the difference between both is considered as the main parameter for evaluating machining quality of surface and profile. Because the form error and the profile error rely on different evaluation benchmarks, the major axis and the foci rather than the centre of an ellipse are used as the evaluation benchmarks and can accurately evaluate a tolerance range with the separated form error and profile error of workpiece. Additionally, an evaluation program based on the LS model is developed to extract the form error and the profile error of the elliptic section, which is well suited for separating the two errors by a standard program. Finally, the evaluation method about the form and profile errors of the ellipse is applied to the measurement of skirt line of the piston, and results indicate the effectiveness of the evaluation. This approach provides the new evaluation indicators for the measurement of form and profile errors of ellipse, which is found to have better accuracy and can thus be used to solve the difficult of the measurement and evaluation of the piston in industrial production.     

基于选项形式的企业冲突分析方法及其应用

针对社会主义市场经济条件下企业之间广泛存在的利益冲突,提出了用冲突分析方法分析和解决企业冲突的基本思路;着重讨论了冲突分析的构成要素,确定了选项形式的冲突分析的建模过程及步骤,给出了全局稳定结局的求解过程;最后,把选项形式的冲突分析方法应用到企业联合经营的冲突问题分析中,并得出了与实际相符的结果．     

建筑室内环境装饰艺术漫淡

美化生存环境是改善生存的一个重要组成部分,美化环境离不开装饰艺术．本文就装饰艺术美化环境空间所遵循的两大艺术规律进行阐述．     

智能波形分析仪

文中提出了对瞬态及低频波的测量方法和要求,并根据测量方法的要求从硬件和软件两方面具体介绍了仪器设计。     

振冲系泊桩基础成桩试验研究

目前海上风电以单桩或群桩基础为主,基础依靠深插桩体满足风机结构竖向抗拔承载力要求,随着大功率海上风电机组的投产与安装,如何提高桩基础抗拔承载能力成为制约海上风电大规模发展的瓶颈。本文以改进的振冲器为施工器械,结合预应力锚杆关键技术,综合振冲加固与高压旋喷桩的施工工艺形成了振冲系泊桩成套施工技术,提出了振冲系泊桩新型桩基础;开展了现场成桩试验和现场载荷试验,结果显示:运用该成套技术形成的振冲系泊桩桩身完整性良好且具有较强的抗拔性能;进行了有限元模拟仿真,分析了振冲系泊桩承载机理和破坏模式,通过仿真计算知3.5 m桩长的振冲系泊桩在一般黏土地基中的单桩极限抗拔承载力可达450 kN,是相同桩长的圆柱桩的7.5倍。     

符号消费下的家具形态辨识与释义

符号是意义的承载物,是人类情感外观化的表现。人们把消费行为作为一种实现自我价值和建立社会关系的手段,进而表达自身独特的主体性。当人们根据自己的价值观来选择与之相适应的家具形态时,家具形态就会成为一种符号,与消费者产生情感共鸣。因此,符号学方法论与家具消费变成了一种积极的关系方式。从家具形态的内涵入手,具体分析家具形态的多种符号释义和消费者对家具形态的识别认知过程,以及对应产生的心理变化。通过研究符号语义的传播方法,解释家具形态内涵与消费情感的互动关系,找出家具形态感知的基本模式和设计要素,探索家具设计与消费情感含义的本质联系,用符号学的观点揭示消费者对家具形态的辨识与释义。     

On effect of tool rotation on performance of rotary tool micro-ultrasonic machining

The present research paper is based on a comparative study of stationary tool micro-ultrasonic machining (STMUSM) and rotary tool micro-ultrasonic machining (RTMUSM). Microchannels were developed on glass work material by using both processes. The effect of tool rotation on the performance of micro-USM was investigated. The performance of both processes was compared on the basis of material removal rate (MRR) and depth of channel (DOC) as response characteristics. The power rating, work feed rate, concentration of abrasive slurry, and abrasive mesh size were chosen as variable input process parameters in this investigation. The form accuracy of the fabricated microchannels was analyzed with the help of imaging technique. Also, a qualitative analysis of tool wear was carried out with the help of microscopic images. The experimental results revealed that the tool rotation significantly improved the performance of micro-USM. The RTMUSM resulted in 155% and 147% higher MRR and DOC as compared to STMUSM. The tool wear was also found to be lesser in RTMUSM as compared to STMUSM and as a result of that form accuracy of machined microchannels improved.     

基于用户需求的产品形态设计研究

目的研究产品设计中直观外在体现的产品形态设计,使产品满足用户的物质功能需求和审美文化需求,避免设计中的伪设计和过设计问题。方法从用户需求的角度出发,综合分析产品形态设计中本能、行为和反思3个维度的要求,通过探讨用户需求理论、用户需求与产品形态设计的相互影响因素,从正反两方面分析和比较优秀与劣质的产品形态设计的内在原因,形成综合使用需求、加工工艺、结构限定、绿色、环保等多角度综合考量的产品形态设计思路。结论产品设计是多因素共同作用下的综合设计,深入研究用户需求是产品形态设计多因素约束的前提和基础,只有真正理解用户需求的深刻内涵,才能实现满足物质功能和精神功能的优秀设计。     

开放式设计在数字化形态下的服务模型

目的探寻数据信息时代开放式设计新的特点与内涵,分析其设计形态的变化及发展趋势,以及新设计形态下的现存问题及解决对策,以开放式设计数字化为研究基础,探究适用于现今阶段发展的设计思维、方法与框架。方法通过文献综述法、比较分析法、实例研究法、系统分析法等分析开放式设计现阶段的新特点与新问题,以"数据库本体"思想结合"复杂适应系统理论"建立开放式设计服务模型。结论构建开放式设计服务模型,实则是在创造一种开发设计方法的创新工具,而设计师在此模型中的角色转换为"数据设计师",该服务模型某种意义上是一个用于平衡输入要素、工序要素、输出要素之间结构组织关系的动态调节系统,能够为设计不断探究出新的方法、流程与模型。     

印刷设备的形态设计裁量综合评价方法研究

目的为实现企业在特定周期内,产生兼具其代表性符号的印刷设备形态设计方案,并且其生产出来的产品满足市场销量,因此针对大型印刷设备形态设计与设计评价体系进行研究。方法通过对造型片段进行裁度推演、甄别、衡量,与企业进行沟通来确定其审查基准和程序性义务,构建产品裁量形态设计评估体系,精简设计造型,从而选择相对优化的造型设计元素。结论运用格式塔感知理论,对印刷设备造型进行裁量,阐述裁量法与形态设计相结合的评价流程,实现对大型印刷设备的产品裁量法化形态设计的系统评价。以数据形式量化结果,构建有效的评估体系。通过捷福920智能高效固定式上印成型线形态设计实例,验证了该评估体系的可行性和有效性。