复合禁忌搜索算法求解流水调度问题

针对以总完工时间最小为目标的流水调度问题,提出一个复合禁忌搜索算法(Hybrid Tabu Algorithm,HTB).提出算法以启发式算法的结果作为初始解,然后采用禁忌搜索算法对其进行改进,并将提出算法与三个已有的启发式算法RZ、WY和FL进行比较.实验结果表明:在最好调度的获取能力和所得调度的平均质量方面,HTB算法均为最优.     

1000 kV级交流输电线路带电作业的试验研究

在国内首次系统地开展了交流1 000 kV输电线路带电作业研究。在对1 000 kV交流特高压输电线路的过电压水平计算分析的基础上;通过试验确定了不同过电压倍数下带电作业最小安全距离和最小组合间隙;确定了绝缘工具的最小有效绝缘长度;研制出了能满足1 000 kV带电作业安全性要求的屏蔽服装;进行了安全防护试验;提出了不同作业方式时的人体安全防护措施。研究结果可为1 000 kV输电线路的工程设计和带电作业提供技术依据。     

组合式密肋复合墙体的受力性能研究

在课题组前期科研成果的基础上,通过1/2模型组合式密肋复合墙体在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,并与单片标准密肋复合墙体进行对比分析,研究了组合式墙体的主要破坏特征;探讨了墙体的强度,滞回特性,耗能性能及抗倒塌能力。最后给出了组合式墙体的刚度计算公式和斜截面抗剪承载力公式。试验及理论研究表明:提出的墙体抗剪承载力公式计算值与试验值吻合较好,适用于实际工程应用。     

低碱三元复合体系用于聚驱后进一步提高采收率

在室内实验研究了大庆油田条件下,水驱、聚合物驱之后低碱(NaOH)浓度的ASP三元复合驱的驱油效果。所用聚合物为M=1.6×107,HD=26%的HPAM;表面活性剂为Witco公司的烷基苯磺酸盐ORS-41和国产月桂酰二乙醇胺NNR,用矿化度3.7 g/L的模拟注入水配液,模拟油黏度9.56 mPa.s,实验温度45℃。NaOH/0.3%ORS-41/1.2 g/L HPAM溶液的黏度~剪切速率曲线和储能模量~振荡频率曲线,随碱浓度减小(1.5%或1.2%~0.1%)而整体上移,即溶液黏度和黏弹性增大。在Kw≈1μm2、VK=0.72的三层段非均质人造岩心上,水驱、聚合物驱(1000 mg/L,0.57 PV)后注入0.3%NaOH/0.3%ORS-41或NNR/1600或1800 mg/L HPAM溶液(0.30PV),采收率增值为13.5%~16.0%,最终采收率为66.4%~70.5%,含水曲线表明聚驱和复合驱过程中有油墙产生;NNR体系界面张力为10-2mN/m,ORS-41体系为10-1mN/m。在不同直径、连接有不同直径盲端的平行流道微观模型上,直接观察到水驱、聚驱后复合驱的波及区域明显大于水驱后聚驱的波及区域,聚驱后水驱油藏实施低碱三元复合驱可进一步增大波及体积。图5表1参4。     

基于语境信息的汉语组合型歧义消歧方法

组合型歧义切分字段一直是汉语自动分词的难点,难点在于消歧依赖其上下文语境信息。本文采集、统计了组合型歧义字段的前后语境信息,应用对数似然比建立了语境计算模型,并考虑了语境信息的窗口大小、位置和频次对消歧的影响而设计了权值计算公式。在此基础上,1.使用语境信息中对数似然比的最大值进行消歧;2.使用语境信息中合、分两种情况下各自的对数似然比之和,取值大者进行消歧。对高频出现的14个组合型分词歧义进行实验,前者的平均准确率为84.93%,后者的平均准确率为95.60%。实验证明使用语境信息之和对消解组合型分词歧义具有良好效果。     

聚合物/羧基甜菜碱二元复合体系驱替水驱后残余油的机理

实验研究在30℃下进行。实验聚表二元复合体系为1.0 g/L HPAM、2.0 g/L羧基甜菜碱在矿化度3.7 g/L的模拟大庆油田采出水中的溶液,与模拟大庆油(黏度10 mPa.s)间的界面张力为5.8×10-3mN/m,1-1000 s-1范围的表观黏度与1.0 g/L HPAM溶液十分接近。在玻璃刻蚀大庆油藏仿真均质微观模型上,水驱20 PV的采收率为55.795%,注入20 PV二元体系使采收率增加39.724%;在二元复合体系驱替过程中,注入、采出口之间主流区域内的水驱后残余油在二元复合体系作用下发生变形,伸长并形成油丝,主要以油丝的形式被驱出;过渡区和边角区的残余油则主要以W/O乳状液的形式被驱出。W/O乳状液中的乳化水滴通过圈闭、Y型孔道挤压及水滴变形、断裂这3种方式形成并汇集为比较连续的W/O乳状液流,二元复合体系以W/O乳状液的形式由主流区扩展到两侧的过渡区,再进入边角区,启动死油区的残余油,从而扩大了波及体积,提高了驱油效率。图5参11。     

A prefix operator for a switching algebra

A new notation for a NAND operator is proposed, based on the prefix Polish notation following the style of Lukasiewicz. There is a direct one-to-one correspondence between the operators in the resulting system and gates in a circuit realization if identical subfunctions are recognized. An axiom set for the Boolean algebra based on this operator is given, and the axiomatic derivation of the algebra is demonstrated. A number of results concerning circuit manipulation, redundant sets of gate inputs, and necessary and sufficient conditions for the relocation of certain gate inputs are presented, and their use demonstrated by a number of examples.     

Influence of Bxpel1 Gene Silencing by dsRNA Interference on the Development and Pathogenicity of the Pine Wood Nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

As the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes huge economic losses by devastating pine forests worldwide. The pectate lyase gene is essential for successful invasion of their host plants by plant-parasitic nematodes. To demonstrate the role of pectate lyase gene in the PWD process, RNA interference (RNAi) is used to analyze the function of the pectate lyase 1 gene in B. xylophilus (Bxpel1). The efficiency of RNAi was detected by real-time PCR. The result demonstrated that the quantity of B. xylophilus propagated with control solution treatment was 62 times greater than that soaking in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) after B. xylophilus inoculation in Botrytis cinerea for the first generation (F1). The number of B. xylophilus soaking in control solution was doubled compared to that soaking in Bxpel1 dsRNA four days after inoculation in Pinus thunbergii. The quantity of B. xylophilus was reduced significantly (p < 0.001) after treatment with dsRNAi compared with that using a control solution treatment. Bxpel1 dsRNAi reduced the migration speed and reproduction of B. xylophilus in pine trees. The pathogenicity to P. thunbergii seedling of B. xylophilus was weaker after soaking in dsRNA solution compared with that after soaking in the control solution. Our results suggest that Bxpel1 gene is a significant pathogenic factor in the PWD process and this basic information may facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of PWD.