La3+掺杂对纳米TiO2微观结构及光催化性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯和氯化镧为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La3+掺杂TiO2纳米粉体,讨论了不同掺杂浓度、不同热处理温度的样品催化降解刚果红染料实验中的光催化活性,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)分析了La3+掺杂TiO2样品的相组成、晶胞参数和晶粒大小对光催化活性的影响.结果表明:La3+掺杂能够显著提高TiO2粒子的光催化活性,最佳掺杂浓度为100∶3 0,最佳热处理温度为600℃;La3+掺杂的TiO2的相组成是影响光催化活性的决定性因素;晶格膨胀程度及晶粒大小对光催化活性的影响,主要是在相组成相同或相近时才体现得比较明显.     

Effect of Hydrogen Heat Treatment on the Chemical Composition of Aluminum Nitride Powder

The effect of hydrogen heat treatment on impurity contents in aluminum nitride powder of different fineness is studied. Thermodynamic calculations are provided pointing to the possibility of forming gaseous hydrogen compounds with impurity elements. It is established that as a result of treatment the contents of impurity elements, i.e. oxygen, carbon, sulfur, are reduced by a factor of 3-13. The optimum hydrogen heat treatment regime is determined: a temperature of 1323 K and an exposure time of 30 min.     

我国金矿床氧化带的地质地球化学特征

根据氧化矿石的主要化学成分，应用ＦＡＳ图解进行氧化矿石的化学成分分类；通过对氧化带分带及发育型式的研究，建立了我国金矿氧化带形成的地质地球化学模式；对影响氧化带发育的因素进行了初步探讨。     

CH_4、CO_2与O_2制合成气的研究 Ⅱ工艺条件的影响

在固定床反应器中考察了１２％Ｎｉ－５％ＲＥ－２％Ｃｕ－２％Ｌｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（ｍａｓｓ）催化剂在ＣＨ４、ＣＯ２与Ｏ２催化氧化重整制合成气反应中催化剂粒径、工艺操作条件（空速与温度）及原料气配比对反应的影响，确定了较佳的操作条件：催化剂粒径２０～４０目，反应最佳温度为８００℃，ＳＶ＝４×１０４ｍｌ／（ｇ·ｈ）。同时看到在不同的原料气配比的条件下该催化剂的活性亦很稳定，不仅达到了反应平衡，且产物Ｖ（ＣＯ）／Ｖ（Ｈ２）比有很强的调变性。     

The multi-structure of oxidized-reduced tungsten carbide surface(s)

The XPS of bulk tungsten carbide, partially oxidized WC surfaces at 373 and 573 K as well as tungsten trioxide have been reported. Bulk WC has been prepared from WO₃ as a starting material in a mixture of CH₄ (20%) and H₂ (80%) at 1150 K for 4 h, while partially oxidized WC surfaces were prepared by oxygen chemisorption on a clean WC surface at 200 K, then the temperatures were raised to 373 and 573 K respectively. The XPS of a freshly prepared WC reveals the presence of a small amount of WO₃ on the surface and a slightly higher concentration in the bulk. The oxygen-exposed fresh WC surfaces and surfaces treated at temperatures higher than 373 K show the presence of WO₃ in a considerable quantity depending on the length and the treatment temperature. Ar⁺ bombardment of this partially oxidized surface reduces WO₃ to WO₂ and W(0), while WC is partially reduced to W(0). Isomerization reactions of alkanes on oxygen-exposed WC surface occurs in reality on a composite surface structure containing WC, WO₃, WO₂ and elemental W(0).     

Human urine - Chemical composition and fertilizer use efficiency

Stored human urine had pH values of 8.9 and was composed of eight main ionic species (> 0.1 meq L^–1), the cations Na, K, NH₄, Ca and the anions, Cl, SO₄, PO₄ and HCO₃. Nitrogen was mainly (> 90%) present as ammoniacal N, with ammonium bicarbonate being the dominant compound. Urea and urate decomposed during storage. Heavy metal concentrations in urine samples were low compared with other organic fertilizers, but copper, mercury, nickel and zinc were 10–500 times higher in urine than in precipitation and surface waters. In a pot experiment with¹⁵N labelled human urine, higher gaseous losses and lower crop uptake (barley) of urine N than of labelled ammonium nitrate were found. Phosphorus present in urine was utilized at a higher rate than soluble phosphate, showing that urine P is at least as available to crops as soluble P fertilizers.     

直接空冷系统冬季启动运行浅析

介绍漳山发电ACC冬季启动，运行调整，冬季保护，停机注意事项，引发人们对ACC机组冬季安全运行的思考与讨论。     

30CrMnsi联接环断裂失效分析

对断裂的联接环进行了化学成分、机械性能、显微组织核验，指出回火工艺不当、锻造缺陷以及原材料化学成分不合格，是造成断裂事故的主要原因．在此基础上．提出了改进措施．     

20Cr_（2）Ni_（4）W钢钴粉涂层激光合金化的试验研究

本文采用２ｋＷＣＯ_２激光器对２０Ｃｒ_（２）Ｎｉ_（４）Ｗ钢进行了激光表面钴合金化的试验研究。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、Ｘ射线衍射、透射电镜、显微硬度计等手段分析了合金化区域的成分、组织和性能。结果表明，激光表面钴合金化可获得含钴均匀的合金化层，合金化层的高温硬度和热疲劳性能均有提高，在热作工具钢表面性能优化领域有着良好的应用前景。     

Characterisation of Moringa stenopetala seed oil variety “Marigat” from island Kokwa

The oil from Moringa stenopetala seeds variety Marigat from the island Kokwa was extracted using 3 different procedures including cold press (CP), extraction with n‐hexane and extraction with a mixture of chloroform:methanol (1:1) (CM). The yield of oil was 35.7% (CP) to 44.9% (CM). The density, refractive index, colour, smoke point, viscosity, acidity, saponification value, iodine value, fatty acid methyl esters, sterols, tocopherols (by high‐performance liquid chromatography), peroxide value, Eequation/tex2gif-stack-1.gif at 232 nm and the susceptibility to oxidation measured by the Rancimat method were determined. The oil was found to contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic (up to 76.40%). The dominant saturated acids were behenic (up to 6.01%) and palmitic (up to 6.21%). The oil was also found to contain high levels of β‐sitosterol (up to 52.19%%of total sterols), stigmasterol (up to 16.53% of total sterols) and campesterol (up to 14.26% of total sterols). α‐, β‐ and δ‐tocopherols were detected up to levels of 98.00, 44.50 and 82.41 mg/kg of oil, respectively. The reduction of the induction period (at 120 °C) of M. stenopetala seed oil ranged from 29.4% to 54.7% after degumming. The M. stenopetala seed oil showed high stability to oxidative rancidity. The results of all the above determinations were compared with those of a commercial virgin olive oil and Moringa oleifera seed oil.