聚焦电流对电子束填丝焊接焊缝几何特征的影响

通常情况下,电子束焊接工艺研究时将聚焦电流作为焦点位置的主要表征参数.电子束填丝焊接时,通过改变聚焦电流,可以控制束流的焦点位置.不同的焦点位置决定了束流到达工件表面时的能量分布,直接影响到焊丝及母材的熔凝状况,进而对电子束填丝焊接焊缝截面几何形状具有重要影响.通过改变聚焦电流、其余参数不变,能够得到聚焦电流与焊缝截面形状、焊缝横截面面积、熔深、表面熔宽、半熔深处熔宽、余高等焊缝截面几何参量之间的关系,对优化电子束填丝焊接工艺参数具有积极参考意义.     

搅拌针形状对搅拌摩擦焊焊缝截面形貌的影响

采用镶嵌异种材料作为标识材料的方法,用不同搅拌针形状的搅拌头,进行了搅拌摩擦焊试验.结果表明,搅拌针形状影响焊缝塑化金属流动的行为,导致焊缝截面形貌发生变化.搅拌针表面的反螺纹使搅拌针周围塑化金属向下流动,迫使搅拌针端部周边金属向上运动,焊核中心处于焊缝横截面下部;正螺纹使搅拌针周围塑化金属向上流动,迫使轴肩下方及周边金属向下运动,焊核中心处于焊缝横截面上部.改变搅拌针形状及长度,可以改变搅拌针下方及附近区域塑化金属的流动形态,从而改变焊缝底部的成形及包铝层进入焊缝的深度.     

计及各种载荷时的外压元件设计——新版(2007)ASME Ⅷ-2介绍

对2007版ASMEⅧ-2提出的在各种载荷作用时的外压元件设计进行简要分析并介绍。     

Interdependence of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis in Development and Disease

The structure of arterial networks is optimized to allow efficient flow delivery to metabolically active tissues. Optimization of flow delivery is a continuous process involving synchronization of the structure and function of the microcirculation with the upstream arterial network. Risk factors for ischemic cardiovascular diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, adversely affect endothelial function, induce capillary regression, and disrupt the micro- to macrocirculation cross-talk. We provide evidence showing that this loss of synchronization reduces arterial collateral network recruitment upon arterial stenosis, and the long-term clinical outcome of current revascularization strategies in these patient cohorts. We describe mechanisms and signals contributing to synchronized growth of micro- and macrocirculation in development and upon ischemic challenges in the adult organism and identify potential therapeutic targets. We conclude that a long-term successful revascularization strategy should aim at both removing obstructions in the proximal part of the arterial tree and restoring “bottom-up” vascular communication.     

基于神经网络的硬币识别研究

人工神经网络图像识别技术是随着当代计算机技术、图像处理、人工智能、模式识别理论等发展起来的一种新型图像识别技术,通过对国内几种常用硬币图像的深入研究,提取能够全面表述其特征的6个特征函数,作为输入,应用改进的BP神经网络,实现识别各种硬币图像的面值,识别方法准确、快速、简便.     

乳铁蛋白最新研究进展 --活性多肽以及生理功能(Ⅱ)

综述了乳铁蛋白（ＬＦ）以及其活性多肽的研究进展,活性多肽包括有强抗菌多肽（Ｌｆｃｉｎ）、促进细胞增长多肽等,相应的生理活性功能有天然抗菌、抗病毒、增强免疫、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、促进铁吸收等,此外,也介绍了乳铁蛋白在食品工业中的应用前景。     

线密度和组织结构对牛仔面料保型性的影响

针对牛仔服装在穿着时受到外力、环境等因素影响易变形走样的问题,通过分析5种全棉面料的松弛曲线图,研究纱线线密度和面料组织结构对牛仔面料保型性的影响。这5种面料的纱线线密度、经向密度、纬向密度和组织结构呈现出一定的规律。通过分析它们的松弛曲线图得出：牛仔面料所用的纱线线密度和组织结构对牛仔面料的保型性有较大影响,即当面料在其它规格相同的情况下,纱线线密度低的牛仔面料其保型性好于纱线线密度高的面料,组织为3/1的牛仔面料的保型性能好于组织为2/1的牛仔面料。     

白毛银露梅挥发性组分色谱保留时间的预测

基于分子形状指数n K、Kier分子价连接性指数m Xt V、原子类型电性拓扑状态指数Ek ,通过多元线性回归及最佳变量子集方法,构建白毛银露梅挥发性组分分子结构与色谱保留时间t的定量构效关系模型。并用Jackknife法对模型的稳健性进行检验。结果表明：分子形状指数、Kier分子价连接性指数和原子类型电性拓扑状态指数能够较全面地表征分子结构特征,有效地揭示了影响白毛银露梅挥发性组分色谱保留时间的本质因素。     

Evidence for the inhibition of the terminal step of ruminal α-linolenic acid biohydrogenation by condensed tannins

Effects of condensed tannins (CT), either via extract or plant-bound, and saponin extract on ruminal biohydrogenation of α-linolenic acid (ALA) were investigated in vitro. Grass-clover hay served as basal diet (control). The control hay was supplemented with extracts contributing either CT from Acacia mearnsii [7.9% of dietary dry matter (DM)] or saponins from Yucca schidigera (1.1% of DM). The fourth treatment consisted of dried sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), a CT-containing forage legume, in an amount also providing 7.9% CT in dietary DM. All diets were supplemented with linseed oil at a level contributing 60% of total dietary ALA in all treatments. Diets were incubated for 10 d (n = 4) in the rumen simulation technique system, using the last 5 d for statistical evaluation. Fatty acids were analyzed in feed, feed residues, incubation fluid, and its effluent. Data were subjected to ANOVA considering diet and experimental run as main effects. Both CT treatments reduced ruminal fiber and crude protein degradation, and lowered incubation fluid ammonia concentration. Only the CT extract suppressed methane formation and shifted microbial populations toward bacteria at cost of protozoa. The saponin extract remained without clear effects on fermentation characteristics except for increased protozoal counts. The extent of ALA biohydrogenation was 20% less with the CT plant, but this probably resulted from reduced organic matter degradability rather than from an inhibition of biohydrogenation. After incubation analysis of incubation fluid effluent and feed residues showed a considerable proportion of the 3 biohydrogenation intermediates, cis-9, trans-11, cis-15 C18:3, trans-11, cis-15 C18:2, and trans-11 C18:1, which did not occur in the initial feeds. Only the CT-extract diet led to a different profile in the effluent compared with the control diet with trans-11 C18:1 being considerably increased at cost of C18:0. This could have been achieved by suppressing protozoa and enhancing the bacterial population, thus removing potential microbes involved in biohydrogenation and increasing competition between bacteria involved in biohydrogenation and others. The elevation of trans-11 C18:1 as the precursor of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid formed in body tissue and mammary gland is probably favorable from a human health point of view.     

纳豆菌抗菌作用的研究现状与展望

纳豆菌液体发酵产生的代谢产物具有抑制许多致病菌的作用，有望被开发成新型的食品防腐剂，其无毒无副作用，而且具有很多时人体有益的作用。概述了纳豆菌抗菌作用的研究现状与展望。