Electrical Conductivity of Composite Solid Electrolytes Copper(I) Bromide-Titanium Dioxide

Electrical properties of two-phase mixtures of copper(I) bromidewith titanium dioxide are investigated by impedance spectroscopy coupledwith X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. An increase ofconductivity of more than an order of magnitude with respect to purecopper(I) bromide is detected in the extrinsic domain. The results can beinterpreted in the framework of the brick-layer space charge model. Theimportance of OH groups on the surface of titania particles as preferredsites for internal adsorption of copper ions is confirmed. A maximum effecton conductivity is revealed for about 15 mol% of second phase andrelated to the microstructure of the composites.     

单相配电变压器三线集束导线两火一零低压供电模式的实施与展望

在农村电网二期改造来临之际，研究以低压侧中间带抽头的单相配电变压器，配合两火一零三芯集束导线低压供电的新模式，并在赤峰市敖汉旗进行了试点。实施表明，该模式在工程投资、降损节能、安全运行等方面已收到显著的效果．为今后我国农村电网特别西部地区电网的建设与改造提出一个新的思路.     

The Role of oxygen diffusion in photoinduced changes of the electronic and optical properties in amorphous indium oxide

A stable increase by as much as 10⁸ in the conductivity of amorphous indium oxide to σ≥ 10³Ω^-1 cm₋₁ can be achieved by ultraviolet photoreduction. This treatment also increases the absorption coefficient, α(hυ), by up to a factor of 10₃ for hυ <1.5 eV due to free carrier absorption and causes a 0.1 eV shift of the absorption edge to the blue. These changes are controlled by the Fermi level, EF, which is presumably determined by doping due to oxygen vacancies. A diffusion constant D >3 x 10⁻¹² cm²/s for oxygen at 300K is determined from a constant flow experiment. Oxygen diffusion is verified by secondary ion mass spectrometry with ¹⁸O. The functions α(hυ) and σ(T) are simulated as E_F is varied using a simple density of states model appropriate for amorphous semiconductors. These simulations qualitatively agree with the experimental data if transitions from the conduction band tail to the conduction band are assumed to be forbidden.     

锂离子电池用聚合物电解质的最新进展I.干态聚合物电解质

聚合物锂离子电池的发展对聚合物电解质提出了更高的要求,促使人们开发性能优良的干态聚合物电解质。综述了近年来干态聚合物电解质的研究进展,包括:(1)以改性聚氧化乙烯-锂盐复合体系为代表的耦合体系;(2)导电机理完全不同的解耦合体系;(3)阴离子移动受限的单离子体系。其中,解耦合体系与单离子体系的研究得到了特别的关注。     

脉冲激光外延生长YBa2Cu3O7–δ涂层导体LaMnO3缓冲层

采用脉冲激光沉积技术在双轴织构的Ni95W5(Ni-5W)合金基底上外延生长了LaMnO3(LMO)薄膜作为涂层导体缓冲层,研究了沉积温度对LMO薄膜生长织构和表面形貌的影响。研究结果表明：沉积温度对LMO薄膜的表面形貌有一定的影响;在沉积温度为650 ℃时,LMO薄膜具有良好的(00l)取向,薄膜表面平整均匀,光滑致密,其均方根粗糙度在2 nm以下;而且,在此LMO缓冲层上外延生长的YBa2Cu3O7–δ超导层具有良好的双轴织构,超导转变温度Tc为92 K,转变宽度小于1 K,临界电流密度Jc为5.3×105 A/cm2(77 K,自场)。     

10 kV架空绝缘导线雷电过电压与防雷综合措施研究

为研究10kV架空绝缘导线雷电过电压与防雷措施,计算了其雷电感应过电压和感应电流的幅值,并研究了雷电感应过电压和感应电流对绝缘线路的危害。根据计算结果,感应过电压幅值能够>400kV,超过现有配电网线路的绝缘水平;通过试验,得出架空绝缘线路的绝缘水平以及采用绝缘横担来防止雷击断线的最优参数;同时结合理论分析得出采用400mm绝缘横担能够有效防止雷击断线事故;根据不同运行状况,提出了综合考虑运用绝缘横担、穿刺型防弧金具、防雷支柱绝缘子和氧化锌避雷器来防止雷击断线的措施。该研究为10kV架空绝缘导线的防雷提供了参考。     

‘Beautiful’ unconventional synthesis and processing technologies of superconductors and some other materials

Abstract

Superconducting materials have contributed significantly to the development of modern materials science and engineering. Specific technological solutions for their synthesis and processing helped in understanding the principles and approaches to the design, fabrication and application of many other materials. In this review, we explore the bidirectional relationship between the general and particular synthesis concepts. The analysis is mostly based on our studies where some unconventional technologies were applied to different superconductors and some other materials. These technologies include spray-frozen freeze-drying, fast pyrolysis, field-assisted sintering (or spark plasma sintering), nanoblasting, processing in high magnetic fields, methods of control of supersaturation and migration during film growth, and mechanical treatments of composite wires. The analysis provides future research directions and some key elements to define the concept of ‘beautiful’ technology in materials science. It also reconfirms the key position and importance of superconductors in the development of new materials and unconventional synthesis approaches.     

AACSR/UGS-540/240导线用超高强度钢绞线的研制

概述了出口巴西大跨越输电导线用超高强度钢绞线的生产,通过生产工艺的控制、原材料的选用及设备的购置,所生产的产品完全满足工程技术条件要求。     

Synthesis of BaCe0.9-xZrxY0.1O3-δ nanopowders and the study of proton conductors fabricated on their basis by low-temperature spark plasma sintering

Using a citrate-nitrate process, BaCe_0.9-xZr_xY_0.1O_3-δ (x = 0, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8) nanopowders were synthesized, on the basis of which proton-conducting solid electrolytes (average size of coherent scattering region (CSR) - 15–53 nm) were obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at a low temperature (900°С). The dependence of phase composition, microstructure and electrophysical properties of the obtained samples on ZrO₂ content and consolidation conditions was established. It was found that the BaCe_0.4Zr_0,5Y_0.1O_3-δ solid solution had the highest electrical conductivity among zirconium-containing ceramic materials in the studied concentration range. It was shown that SPS is a promising method for obtaining solid electrolytes for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (PCFC) at lower temperatures (by 400–500°С), compared to traditionally-used temperature conditions (1400–1800 °C).