有源重要用户供电风险评估方法研究

为切实保障有源重要用户的利益,挖掘供电过程中可能诱发用户安全、优质性和效益这3个方面需求不被满足从而产生风险的供电风险因素,归纳分类形成供电风险元。基于风险元传递思想,利用梯形相似模糊数建立了供电风险与用户需求风险之间的映射关系,定义了期望值函数使模糊数精确化,通过专家意见得到用户需求风险指标下的风险评估矩阵。考虑到用户需求风险指标之间具有很高的相关度,采用马氏距离代替传统的欧式距离求解每个供电风险元与正负理想解之间的距离,计算出每个风险元的风险值,根据TOPSIS思想对供电风险元威胁大小进行排序,排序结果可以很好地帮助供电公司辨识重要风险,制定规避策略。最后通过对比分析证明了所提方法的科学性和合理性。     

计及分块和层级结构融合的配电系统可靠性评估

提出了一种计及分块和层级结构融合的配电系统可靠性评估算法。该文首先依据功能的差异将块分为手动块和自动块2类,并提出了一种基于可达矩阵的分块方法。在此基础上,构建了手动块层级结构和自动块层级结构,以分别求解负荷节点的故障持续时间和故障率。层级结构自电源点开始向下蔓延至系统边界节点。为了避免重复计算,在计算到每一层时即记录下该层的可靠性数据,并以该层为新的根节点蔓延。该算法结合了分块、最小路法和层级结构的优点,操作性强且效率高。此外,该算法可直接获取指定负荷点的可靠性指标,适合于分析含重要电力用户的配电系统的可靠性。     

基于消费者感知的面料材质感官意象研究

以消费者为中心的设计是一种确保设计符合目标消费者的期望的方法。设计越来越注重消费者的感官体验,通过消费者感官意象的研究,创造出一种吸引消费者感官特性的设计方式,已成为现在设计的主要核心。本研究以面料材质为研究对象,选取代表性的材质样本,调查消费者的感官意象,确立感官意象的材质特性。研究中使用多种方法整合进行面料材质的消费者感官意象研究,使用多维尺度分析法构建消费者认知图,发现五种材质族群;通过因素分析法汲取消费者材质意象主因素,获得四种主因素;通过回归分析法获得材质族群对应的意象特征。研究结果为以消费者为中心的设计方法提供有价值的设计参考。     

Asians’ Facial Responsiveness to Basic Tastes by Automated Facial Expression Analysis System

Growing evidence shows that consumer choices in real life are mostly driven by unconscious mechanisms rather than conscious. The unconscious process could be measured by behavioral measurements. This study aims to apply automatic facial expression analysis technique for consumers’ emotion representation, and explore the relationships between sensory perception and facial responses. Basic taste solutions (sourness, sweetness, bitterness, umami, and saltiness) with 6 levels plus water were used, which could cover most of the tastes found in food and drink. The other contribution of this study is to analyze the characteristics of facial expressions and correlation between facial expressions and perceptive hedonic liking for Asian consumers. Up until now, the facial expression application researches only reported for western consumers, while few related researches investigated the facial responses during food consuming for Asian consumers. Experimental results indicated that facial expressions could identify different stimuli with various concentrations and different hedonic levels. The perceived liking increased at lower concentrations and decreased at higher concentrations, while samples with medium concentrations were perceived as the most pleasant except sweetness and bitterness. High correlations were founded between perceived intensities of bitterness, umami, saltiness, and facial reactions of disgust and fear. Facial expression disgust and anger could characterize emotion “dislike,” and happiness could characterize emotion “like,” while neutral could represent “neither like nor dislike.” The identified facial expressions agree with the perceived sensory emotions elicited by basic taste solutions. The correlation analysis between hedonic levels and facial expression intensities obtained in this study are in accordance with that discussed for western consumers.     

应用需求侧管理系统实现大客户技术节能个性化服务

为大客户提供科学、合理用电方法并取得最大效益的技术服务,是供电部门开展优质服务工作的重点。结合中山供电局的实际情况,研发了需求侧管理分析与决策系统,以实现大客户技术节能个性化服务功能的应用,从技术上为客户节能降耗创造条件。     

居民峰谷分时电价研究

研究了推广居民峰谷电价与负荷削峰填谷的关系。介绍了国内外居民峰谷电价情况,从对居民的消费心理及生活用电情况分析,提出了电网峰谷电价的设计方案。通过对不同电价设计方案的分析,推荐了居民峰谷分时电价的方案。     

Behind the kitchen door: A novel mixed method approach for exploring the food provisioning practices of the older consumer

Social Practice Theory offers a theoretical approach to understanding habitual, mundane and tacitly enacted practices that are performed within the domestic environment. To support the practical adoption of this theory, this paper reports and reflects upon a methodological application of Social Practice Theory which was used to investigate the domestic kitchen-based practices of older adults (aged 60+) in order to understand the role of food safety within the everyday performance of these. Social Practice Theory requires a research design that situates data generation techniques into the ‘space’ in which the practices are performed and gives equal investigative consideration to the physical and social spheres of practices. We demonstrate that these methodological principles necessitate the use of mixed methods, and this case study presents a ‘tool-kit’ of data generation techniques that produced visual, verbal, textual, technical and scientific data. Through the presentation of results at the level of the individual household, the case study demonstrates how the different data streams acted as analytical lenses which facilitated data corroboration and comparison, and provided the basis for a grounded conceptual elaboration of domestically situated food provisioning and handling practices and the role of food safety within these.     

配电网中容量电费定价方法

在传统的配电网容量电费的电价中，只考虑了用户的容量大小，而没有考虑用户的功率因素、用户对供电的可靠性要求以及用户的具体位置等用户属性。通过对配电网用户属性的分析，提出了一种用模糊聚类的方法对配电网内不同性质的用户进行分类的方法，并依照此分类将配电网中的容量费用按一定的权重在不同类别的用户间进行分配。此全新的容量电费电价方法，较全面地考虑了用户容量大小、用户的具体位置、用户的功率因数、用户对供电的可靠性要求等因素，避免了将配电网内的投资费用仅按容量进行分摊的局限性，使配电网内的投资费用的分摊趋于合理。实例研究表明，该容量电费的定价方法能更合理地反映用户的属性。     

以大样本数据的cohort study探讨消费性小额信用贷款的逾期因素

金融机构获利的稳定,健全与持续的授信质量影响很大,全球性新巴塞尔资本协议(New Basel Capital Accord)的推动及主管机关要求金融机构改善资产质量及合并政策的影响下,使台湾的金融业进入激烈合并竞争的时代。消费性贷款随着社会趋势的发展日益增大,为了探讨消费性小额授信户逾期还款行为。这里运用台湾地区两家商业银行1996—2001年间的授信户样本数据,采用retro-prospective cohort study以修正前学者采用Case-control study的限制,及配合新巴塞尔资本协议(New Basel Capital Accord)下金融全球化的规定。结果发现样本数大小会影响logis-tic模型的显著性因素及适合度。另外也发现Logistic regression模型预测能力,其逾期案件预测结果正确预测率达70.0%,66.95%及71%,另在整体正确预测率从67.3%和69.85%增至72.1%。因此,以大样本retro-prospective cohort study所发现的影响因素及预测能力的稳定性,较符合新巴塞尔资本协议规定及科学程序。     

酱油安全性的消费者行为分析

通过对酱油产品安全性的消费行为分析，找出现阶段影响消费购买、食用酱油产品的因素，发现消费对酱油产品的安全知识认知的不足，指出政府、行业协会、各级监督部门和企业应通过各种渠道加强对消费的食品安全知识的宣传、教育，从而提高消费的食品安全意识。