Self-emulsifiable soybean oil phosphate ester polyols for low-VOC corrosion resistant coatings

A series of soybean oil phosphate ester polyols (SOPEP) was prepared by reaction of fully epoxidized soybean oil with phosphoric acid and simultanoeous hydrolysis in the presence of a polar solvent. The polyols were characterized by determination of acid value, oxirane number, hydroxyl value, molecular weight (GPC), and FTIR spectra. These polyols with varying amounts of acid phosphate groups could be self-emulsified to form aqueous dispersions after neutralization with organic base. These aqueous dispersion showed varying degrees of stability and their appearance ranged from opaque dispersions to translucent to clear solutions. Waterborne coating compositions were prepared using these aqueous dispersions as principal components and their thermally cured film properties were studied. it was found that by careful selection and formulation, SOPEPs can be successfully used for low-VOC waterborne coating formulations. SOPEPs with 3.5% phosphate ester content showed visibly superior corrosion resistance properties.     

集装箱涂装过程中常见的问题

简要介绍了集装箱涂装的特点及涂装工艺基本要求,对涂装过程中出现的常见问题产生的原因进行了分析,并提出了解决办法。     

A domain-specific knowledge-based heuristic for the Blocks Relocation Problem

The Blocks Relocation Problem consists in minimizing the number of movements performed by a gantry crane in order to retrieve a subset of containers placed into a bay of a container yard according to a predefined order. A study on the mathematical formulations proposed in the related literature reveals that they are not suitable for its solution due to their high computational burden. Moreover, in this paper we show that, in some cases, they do not guarantee the optimality of the obtained solutions. In this regard, several optimization methods based on the well-known A¹ search framework are introduced to tackle the problem from an exact point of view. Using our A¹ algorithm we have corrected the optimal objective function value of 17 solutions out of 45 instances considered by Caserta et al. (2012) [4]. In addition, this work presents a domain-specific knowledge-based heuristic algorithm to find high-quality solutions by means of short computational times. It is based on finding the most promising positions into the bay where to relocate those containers that are currently located on the next one to be retrieved, in such a way that, they do not require any additional relocation operation in the future. The computational tests indicate the higher effectiveness and efficiency of the suggested heuristic when solving real-world scenarios in comparison with the most competitive approaches from the literature.     

周转箱管理（CMC）项目在上海通用汽车的实施

研究周转箱管理方式在零部件入厂物流方面的应用,分析实施周转箱管理项目的原因和可能性,提出了总体设计规划思路和具体实施、推广方法,提供了具体的流程、步骤、框图和实例,并就项目的持续优化进行了分析。实现了通过科学地强化对入厂物流的控制和管理,既控制了零部件的物流运行风险,又降低约20％的周转箱投入成本。     

基于BP神经网络的集装箱箱号识别

提出一种用BP神经网络实现集装箱箱号识别的方法。提出的图像预处理方法对管柱,底面凹凸,脏污物、光线的强弱、倾斜、缺损或模糊有较强的适应性。在BP网络分类器实现时,考虑集装箱箱号的组成特点,采用并行处理方法。在BP算法中,引入动态因子,动态调整学习步长。实践证明利用这种方法来识别装箱箱号,速度快,识别率高,具有较高的实用价值。     

基于遗传算法的集装箱后方堆场箱位分配策略*

根据重庆港实际情况建立了以提箱时间为制约因素,以最小化翻箱率为目标的集装箱后方堆场箱位分配模型,并针对模型提出了基于遗传算法的解决方案。方案对一次卸船或者进港的一批箱进行全局优化,并考虑其分配对后续集装箱的影响。遗传算法迭代过程中采用适应度函数指数变换防早熟,采用可行解替换法处理约束,并设计最优解保存策略保证最终的优化效果。最后针对实际堆场的不同规模,对方案的优化结果同文献中的其他遗传算法方案进行比较,证明了本文优化策略的优越性和实用性。     

Viscous liquid sloshing damping in cylindrical container using a volume of fluid method

Liquid sloshing is a kind of very complicated free surface flow and exists widely in many fields. In order to calculate liquid sloshing damping precisely a volume of fluid method based on finite volume scheme is used to simulate free surface flows in partly filled cylindrical containers. A numerical method is presented to simulate the movement of the free surface flow, in which a piecewise linear interface construction scheme and an unsplit Lagrangian advection scheme instead of Eulerian advection scheme are used. The damping performance of liquid sloshing in cylindrical containers under fundamental sloshing mode is investigated. There are four factors determining the surface-wave damping: free surface, boundary-layer, interior fluid and contact line. In order to study different contributions from these four factors to whole damping, several examples are simulated. No-slip and slip wall boundary conditions on both side wall and bottom wall of the cylindrical containers are studied to compare with the published results obtained by solving Stokes equations. In the present method the first three main factors can be considered. The simulation results show that the boundary-layer damping contribution increases while the interior fluid damping contribution decreases with increase of Reynolds number. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10532010)     

集装箱板冷弯裂纹形成分析

针对广州珠江钢铁公司生产的厚规格集装箱板易在外弧面出现微裂纹的现象,采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对其大量冷弯裂纹试样进行了观察和分析。结果表明,冷弯裂纹试样主要存在以下3种缺陷：距表层10～30μm处的皮下微裂纹、皮下链状夹杂物和表层氧化层与基体结合部位的残余元素（Cu、Ni、As）偏析,其中以皮下微裂纹缺陷的几率居多。     

基于ADXL345的提升机容器姿态感知系统设计

为实时监测提升机容器垂直姿态,确保提升机容器发生倾斜时能够及时预警,设计了基于ADXL345的提升机容器姿态感知系统。该系统通过实时监测提升机容器与垂直方向的倾角值判断提升机容器当前的姿态,并将倾角值与报警阈值进行对比,如超出报警阈值则报警,且可通过RS485将报警信息上传至提升机监控中心,实现预警操作。     

Interactions of Impact Shock Waves in a Thin-Walled Explosive Container. II. Impact by a Cone-Nosed Projectile

Interaction of impact shock waves that could detonate an explosive (Composition B) confined in a thin-walled container impacted by a cone-nosed projectile is numerically studied, based on the Forest Fire explosive reaction rate model. The normal impact on the container by a small projectile with a conical nose is considered. Depending on the cone angle of the nose part of the projectile, the zone of interaction of initiating shock waves can be remote from the central axis of the impact. The off-the-central-axis detonation is interpreted from the viewpoint of different interaction modes in the explosive container, which are reflected from the cassette wall, change their directions, and superimpose onto each other, leading to explosive detonation.