CuO formation control as a function of mixed ratio of Cu-free powders in the synthesis of YBCO superconductors on Cu substrates

YBa₂Cu₃O_x (Y123) superconducting films were fabricated on Cu substrates using a simple screen-printing method, from Cu-free powders (Y₂O₃ and BaCO₃). In the process, CuO, which causes superconducting properties of Y123 films to deteriorate, was formed on the film surface. By varying the atomic ratio of Y to Ba (Y:Ba = 1:1∼1:4), the ratio needed to prevent CuO formation was found for the film surface that had been heat-treated at 980^∘C for 17 s. The film, with the ratio of Y to Ba (Y:Ba = 1:1), is reheat-treated at 930^∘C for 9 min 30 s to form a superconducting Y123 phase. It was possible to prevent CuO formation by controlling the ratio of Cu-free powders in the mixture and to fabricate YBCO superconductors on Cu substrates using a two-step heat-treatment.     

环保型缓冲材料在吸顶灯包装设计中的应用

对纸浆模塑和瓦楞纸板的吸顶灯缓冲包装进行了分析比较,通过物流过程模拟,分别对两种包装方案做了跌落试验。并从环保、降低成本以及保护产品的角度出发,采用纸浆模塑对吸顶灯的包装进行了改进设计,其包装方案经过试验测评证明是可行的,成功的。     

基于FLUENT软件的强化传热管特性三维数值模拟研究

横纹管、缩放管(包括急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管)是典型的强化传热管,利用F luent软件,采用S imp le算法和标准k-ε湍流模型,通过求解三维N-S方程和能量方程分析研究了横纹管、急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管的流动努塞尔数Nu、阻力系数f及综合性能参数μ,并分别选取了雷诺数分别为20000、40000、60000时的Nu,f和μ进行了对比,分析了它们随雷诺数的变化情况。结果发现三种管的综合性能依次为横纹管、急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管。     

New Application of Stainless Steel

Several rigid substrates such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel foil, silicon, and sodium lime glass have been employed for manufacturing high quality TiO2 films by metal organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD）. The as-deposited TiO2 films have been characterized with SEM/EDX and XRD. The photocatalytic properties were investigated by decomposition of aqueous orange Ⅱ. UV VIS photospectrometer was employed to check the absorption characteristics and photocatalytic degradation activity. The results show that films synthesized on metal substrates display higher photoactivities than that on absolute substrates such as silicon and glass. It is found that solar light is an alternative to UV-light used for illumination during photodegradation of orange Ⅱ. TiO2 film on stainless steel substrate was regarded as the best one for photocatalysis.     

不锈钢薄壁波纹换热管强度的有限元分析

应用ANSYS有限元程序，选取空间壳体单元SHELL63，在相同内压下，对换热器设计中常用的两种不锈钢薄壁波纹管进行强度分析，得出二者一个周期内的径向应力、轴向应力和剪切应力的分布规律。有限元计算值与参考文献实验结论比较，表明计算值与实验值关于一个周期内轴向和径向应力的分布规律相同，有限元(ANSYS)计算结果可供波纹管设计、制造参考。     

Surface Preparation of Aluminum Nitride for Metallization: Effect of Temperature on Surface Reactivity

The current aqueous cleaning step in the surface preparation of aluminum nitride (AlN) prior to metallization causes performance and reliability issues for the substrates used for microelectronic packaging due to surface reactions. These issues limit the use of AlN and its replacing of BeO, an environmentally hazardous material currently used. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of different solutions on the surface of AlN substrates under varying conditions at times up to 2419.2 ks (28 days). Concentration of the solutions, temperature, and immersion time were varied for the AlN samples in the solutions. Both elevated temperatures (50°C and 90°C) and low temperatures (5°C) were investigated.

Four general types of behavior were observed: minor changes in average surface roughness and microstructure, linear change in average surface roughness and pitted grains, nonlinear change in average surface roughness and product formation on AlN surface, and miscellaneous change in average surface roughness with surface product formation.

The surface roughening kinetics were very complex due to changes in both the reaction product morphology and reaction mechanism with temperature, solvent, and pH for a specific solvent. Minor changes in average surface roughness and microstructure were observed for HCl pH = 5, H₂ SO₄ pH = 5, NaOH pH = 8, NaOH pH = 10, NaOH pH = 12, deionized water and Alfred tap water at 5°C, HCl pH = 3 and oleic acid at 50°C and citric acid and oleic acid at 90°C. Linear changes in average surface roughness and pitted grains were observed for HCl pH = 2 and H₂SO₄ pH = 3 at 50°C and HCl pH = 2, H₂SO₄ pH = 3, and deionized water at 90°C. Non-linear change in average surface roughness and product formation on AlN surface was observed for HCl pH = 5, NaOH pH = 8 and Alfred tap water at 50°C and HCl pH = 5 and H₂SO₄ pH = 2 at 90°C. Miscellaneous changes in average surface roughness with surface product formation were observed for H₂SO₄ pH = 2, H₂SO₄ pH = 5, NaOH pH = 10, NaOH pH = 12, citric acid, Micro-90 and deionized water at 50°C and HCl pH = 3, H₂SO₄ pH = 5, NaOH pH = 8, NaOH pH = 10, NaOH pH = 12, Micro-90 and Alfred tap water at 90°C.     

瓦楞辊的齿形设计初探

讨论了瓦楞辊齿根圆弧半径与齿顶圆弧之差和瓦楞原纸的厚度的关系，指出了计算瓦楞率的重要性并提供了简明有效的计算方法，指出了计算瓦楞原纸缠绕瓦楞辊总包角的重要性，并提供了详尽的计算方法。     

LTCC基板制造工艺研究

低温共烧多层陶瓷（ＬＴＣＣ）基板是制造复杂微电子产品多芯片组件（ＭＣＭ）的重要部件。详细地讨论了ＬＴＣＣ基板制造工艺，介绍了多年研究之经验及国外的有关技术，还指出了目前工艺中存在的技术问题及在工艺水平上与国外的差距。采用目前工艺，可做出２０层布线、线宽及间距均为０．２０ｍｍ、８０ｍｍ×８０ｍｍ的多层共烧基板     

在金属基片上以LNO为过渡层制备Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3薄膜的电性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法和快速热处理工艺,分别以不锈钢(SS)和镍合金(NC)为基片,成功制备了表面均匀、无裂纹的锆钛酸铅(Pb(Zn0.53Ti0.47)O3,简写为PZT)薄膜.为了缓解金属基片与PZT薄膜之间由于晶格常数和热膨胀系数不同所造成的不匹配状态,引入了镍酸镧(LaNiO3,简写为LNO)薄膜作为过渡层.XRD和SEM结果表明,经过600℃下30min的晶化,PZT薄膜已经由无定型转化为钙钛矿相.以LNO为过渡层,在NC金属基片上制备的PZT薄膜具有较高的介电常数和较低的损耗(1kHz下ε=717,tanδ=0.08),较低的漏电流(50kV/cm下J=2.6×10-7A/cm2)以及较好的铁电性能(+Pr=90μC/cm2,-Pr=14 μC/cm2,Ec=32.5kV/cm).同时,在SS基片上,通过引入LNO过渡层,制备的PZT薄膜也具有比较好的性能.     

Mapping the Neural Substrates Involved in Maternal Responsiveness and Lamb Olfactory Memory in Parturient Ewes Using Fos Imaging.

In sheep, recognition of the familiar lamb by the mother depends on the learning of its olfactory signature after parturition. The authors quantified Fos changes in order to identify brain regions activated during lamb odor memory formation. Brain activation was compared with those measured in anosmic ewes displaying maternal behavior but not individual lamb recognition. In intact ewes, parturition induced significant increase in Fos expression in olfactory cortical regions and in cortical amygdala, whereas in anosmic mothers, Fos expression was very low. In contrast, no difference was observed between intact and anosmic ewes in hypothalamic areas and medial amygdala, suggesting a differentiation between the neural network controlling maternal responsiveness and that involved in olfactory lamb memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)